时间:2018-12-04 作者:英语课 分类:新视野大学英语:视听说教程 4


英语课



V. Let’s Talk

Script

Hello, everyone. Today I invite you to join me in an exploration off the causes of depression. There ate many factors involved, but I believe some deserve special attention.

Heredity certainly plays a role. .The tendency to develop depression may be inherited; there is evidence that this disorder 1 may run in families.

Physiology 2 is another factor related to depression. There may be changes or imbalances in chemicals which transmit information in the brain called neurotransmitters. Many modern antidepressant drugs attempt to increase levels of certain neurotransmitters so as to increase brain communication. While the causal relationship is unclear; it is known that antidepressant medications do reliever certain symptoms of depression.

Researchers also study psychological factors. They include the complex development of one’s personality and how one has learned to cope with external environmental factors, such as stress. It is freeqently observed that low self-esteem and self-defeating thinking are connected with depression. While it is not clear which is the cause and which is the effect, it is known that sufferers who are able to make corrections to their thinking patterns can show improved mood and self-esteem.

Another factor causing depression is one’s early experiences. Events such as the death of a parent, the divorce of the parents, neglect, chronic 3 illness, and severe physical abuse can also increase the likelihood of depression later in life.

Some present experiences may also lead to depression. Job loss, financial difficulties, long periods of unemployment, the loss of a spouse 4 or other family member, or other painful events may trigger depression. Long-term stress at home, work, or school can also be involved.

It is worth nothing that those living with someone suffering from \depression experience increased anxiety which adds to the possibility of their also becoming depressed 5.







Depression-causing Factors




Problem Description




Solution






Heredity




It is inherited and run in families.




 






Physiology




changes or imbalances in chemicals called neurotransmitters, which transmit information in the brain




Antidepressant drugs relieve certain symptoms of depression.






Psychological Factors




Low self-esteem and self-defeating thinking are connected with depression.




Sufferers who make correction to their thinking patterns can show improved mood and self-esteem.






Early Experiences




Event like the death of a parent, the divorce of parents, neglect, chronic illness, and severe physical abuse can increase the likelihood of depression.




 






Present Experiences




Job loss, financial difficulties, long periods of unemployment, the loss of a spouse or other family member, or long-term stress may trigger depression.




 






Living with somebody with depression




This causes increased anxiety, which adds to the possibility of their also becoming depressed.




 







 



1 disorder
n.紊乱,混乱;骚动,骚乱;疾病,失调
  • When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后,他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
  • It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。
2 physiology
n.生理学,生理机能
  • He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
  • He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
3 chronic
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的
  • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
  • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。
4 spouse
n.配偶(指夫或妻)
  • Her spouse will come to see her on Sunday.她的丈夫星期天要来看她。
  • What is the best way to keep your spouse happy in the marriage?在婚姻中保持配偶幸福的最好方法是什么?
5 depressed
adj.沮丧的,抑郁的,不景气的,萧条的
  • When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
  • His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。
学英语单词
all-out effort
ammonia cooler
ampa
appointed member
Arouet
aseptic myocarditis of newborn
assquake
atomweight
bacchanalias
Ban Hai
be roses all the way
Beaujeu
blessed with
Buronzo
canalis carpalis
capsule assembly
Carex wawuensis
cigar-shaped
ciliopagurus strigatus
classification of waste
closing to meeting maneuver
court of common pleas
crossey
crowd-control
cuttlebones
cystosarcoma
degenerative myopia
diatectite
Diebougou
drum magnetic separator
duplex output
eliminate unemployment
empiric(al)
epilating forceps
fermiophobic
fine struction
flash one's eyes at
formate butyl
French Standard
game fishes
genus cairinas
geological structure
HDMI CEC
hearth plate
honours degree
idiolysin
idiopathic detrusor dyssynergia
imperia
inkfish
insatisfactorily
jus pascendi
keyword item
laser printers
man-machine interaction equipment
maximum bit rate
mistion
more replenishing soil moisture reserve
motion planning
motion-pictures
Nal detector
Nervus medianus
non-exclusion
non-linear molecule
nonulcerated
nyy
okwui
open end V-belt
passets
Phichit, Changwat
pick up and delivery service
pinch-faced
polygonometric network
prima donnas
quality bonus
radiation gasdynamics
reexhumation
replacement length
rubber paint
sadhanas
scissor-tailed
seen eye to eye
signal bridge
single-state recycle
slotted screen
snowmobiles
spam act
Spittal of Glenshee
spring of cylinder lubricator plunger
strip-searches
sudden cough
sufflations
supersonic particle sizer
surface of constant pressure
talipes calcaneus
termination and suspersion of contract
theory mapping
unsanctimonious
urnsful
user program status display
webtalk
wtb
xenotime