专业术语-财务比率术语(英文详解)
Accounts Payable 1: Sales: Accounts Payable divided by Annual Sales, measuring the speed with which a company pays vendors 2 relative to sales. Numbers higher than typical industry ratios suggest that the company is using suppliers to float operations.
Assets: Sales: Total Assets divided by Net Sales, indicating whether a company is handling too high a volume of sales in relation to investment. Very low percentages relative to industry norms might indicate overly conservative sales efforts or poor sales management.
Current Liabilities: Inventory 4: Current Liabilities divided by Inventory: A high ratio, relative to industry norms, suggests over-reliance on unsold goods to finance operations.
Current Liabilities: Net Worth: Current Liabilities divided by Net Worth, reflecting a level of security for creditors 5. The larger the ratio relative to industry norms, the less security there is for creditors.
Current Ratio: Current Assets divided by Current Liabilities, measuring current assets available to cover current liabilities, a test of near-term solvency 6. The ratio indicates to what extent cash on hand and disposable assets are enough to pay off near term liabilities.
Fixed 7 Assets: Net Worth: Fixed Assets divided by Net Worth. High ratios relative to the industry can indicate low working capital or high levels of debt.
Gross Profit: Sales: Pre-tax profits divided by Annual Sales. This is the profit ratio before product and sales costs, as well as taxes. This ratio can indicate the "play" in other expenses which could be adjusted to increase the Net Profit margin 8.
Net Profit: Sales: After tax profits divided by Annual Sales. This is the key profit ratio, indicating how much is put in the company's pocket for each $100 of sales.
Quick Ratio: Cash plus Accounts Receivable, divided by Current Liabilities, indicating liquid assets available to cover current debt. Also known as the Acid Ratio. This is a harsher version of the Current Ratio, which balances short-term liabilities against cash and liquid instruments.
Return on Assets: Net After Tax Profit divided by Total Assets, a critical indicator 9 of profitability. Companies which use their assets efficiently 10 will tend to show a ratio higher than the industry norm.
Return on Net Worth: Net After Tax Profit divided by Net Worth, this is the 'final measure' of profitability to evaluate overall return. This ratio measures return relative to investment in the company. Put another way, Return on Net Worth indicates how well a company leverages 11 the investment in it.
Return on Sales: Net After Tax Profit divided by Annual Net Sales, indicating the level of profit from each dollar of sales. This ratio can be used as a predictor of the company's ability to withstand changes in prices or market conditions.
Sales: Inventory: Annual Net Sales divided by Inventory value. This gives a picture of how quickly inventory turns over. Ratios below the industry norm suggest high levels of inventory. High ratios could indicate product levels insufficient 12 to satisfy demand in a timely manner.
Sales: Net Working Capital: Sales divided by Net Working Capital (current assets minus current liabilities). Ratios higher than industry norms may indicate a strain on available liquid assets, while low ratios may suggest too much liquidity 13.
Total Liabilities: Net Worth: Total liabilities divided by Net Worth. This ratio helps to clarify the impact of long-term debt, which can be seen by comparing this ratio with Current Liabilities: Net Worth. Creditors are concerned to the extent that total liability levels exceed Net Worth. The impact of long-term debt
Turnover 14 Ratios (7): Sales divided by various line items (cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, inventory, current assets, total assets, fixed assets). These turnover rations 3 measure operating characteristics of firms. Higher is better for Asset line items. Lower is better for Accounts Payable Turnover. Turnover ratios create a series of operating efficiency indicators 15 relative to sales.
- This check is payable on demand.这是一张见票即付的支票。
- No tax is payable on these earnings.这些收入不须交税。
- The vendors were gazundered at the last minute. 卖主在最后一刻被要求降低房价。
- At the same time, interface standards also benefIt'software vendors. 同时，界面标准也有利于软件开发商。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
- They are provisioned with seven days' rations. 他们得到了7天的给养。
- The soldiers complained that they were getting short rations. 士兵们抱怨他们得到的配给不够数。
- Some stores inventory their stock once a week.有些商店每周清点存货一次。
- We will need to call on our supplier to get more inventory.我们必须请供应商送来更多存货。
- They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Fears about the solvency of the banks precipitated the great economic crash.对银行偿付能力出现恐慌更加速了经济的崩溃。
- Their targets,including profitability ratios,solvency ratios,asset management ratios.其指标包括盈利比率、偿债能力比率、资产管理比率。
- Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
- Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。
- We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。
- The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。
- Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
- His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。
- The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
- Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。
- Additionally, this approach leverages the benefits of incremental and full backups. 除此之外，这一个作法也使渐近式以及完全的备份变得容易。
- A simple formula for building mutual value-creating relationships with consumers leverages dialogue, data, and insights. 与客户建立共同的价值创造关系，一条简单的准则就是利用对话、数据和洞察力。
- There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
- In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代，科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。
- The bank has progressively increased its liquidity.银行逐渐地增加其流动资产。
- The demand for and the supply of credit is closely linked to changes in liquidity.信用的供求和流动资金的变化有密切关系。
- The store greatly reduced the prices to make a quick turnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。
- Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。
- The economic indicators are better than expected. 经济指标比预期的好。
- It is still difficult to develop indicators for many concepts used in social science. 为社会科学领域的许多概念确立一个指标仍然很难。