如何写好英语书信?
英语书信主要可以分为私人信件与事务信件两大类。从中学生实际出发,本书主要介绍如何写私人信件。
1.信封英语信封与汉语信封的写法是完全不同的。首先,英语信封与汉语信封上收发人的姓名和地址的位置是不同的。汉语信封将收信人姓名地址写在信封偏左或中央部位,寄信人的姓名和地址写在信封右下方;而将英语信封的发信人姓名和地址写在信封的左上方,收信人的姓名与地址在信封偏右或中央部位。另外,英汉信封上收发信人的姓名地址顺序也完全不同:汉语信封是先写国家名称,然后再从大地方写到小地方直至路名、门牌号,再写收信人姓名;而英语信封正好相反。
第一行:收信人姓名第二行:住所门牌号,街道名称第三行:市镇名称及所在地邮政编码第四行:省州等大地区名称(如果第三行是大城市,这部分也可省去)第五行:国家名称(寄往国外时需写)实例:
在写英文姓名时注意:要先写名,再写姓,前面可以用Mr(男士),Mrs(已婚女士),Miss(未婚女士),Ms(不标明婚姻状况的女士),Dr(有博士学位的人),Professor(Prof.)(教授)。路名可用缩略形式: Rd.(Road),St.(Street),Ave.(Avenue大道)。有时在信封左下角可以写上“By Airmail(航空)”,“Printed Matter(印刷品),Registered Mail(挂号信)”等词语,在左下角还可以写“Please do not bend(请勿折叠)”等提示语。
2.私人信件格式1)信头:发信人地址和日期这部分中有时可省去发信人地址,但一般要写日期。放在信纸的右上方。
2)称呼:对收信人的尊称最普通的是Dear,但与Mr,Mrs,Miss等不同的是:Dear后一般用名字,而Mr,Mrs,Miss后不能单独用名字,而只能是姓或姓与名,比如:对John Smith的称呼,应该是Mr Smith,Mr John Smith或 Dear John.称呼后面可用逗号或者冒号。
3)信的正文4)结尾:发信人对收信人的谦称或敬语。放在信的右下方。
这部分要特别注意英语习惯,不可根据汉语意思写上诸如“此致敬礼”、“祝您健康”之类的中国式的结尾语。常用的英语书信结尾语如下:
写给同龄人或年长的朋友: Yours sincerely 1,Sincerely yours,Yours等等。
写给好朋友: Love,With love, Best wishes等等。
写给亲戚:Love,With love,Affectionately yours,Your (ever) loving son(sister等等)。
5)签名签名一般在结尾语的下面一行。
例如:
事务信件格式与私人信件格式大致相同,只是在称呼和结尾上要比较正式一些。
常用的称呼有:Dear Sir(不知对方姓名时用)Dear Mr/Mrs/Miss X(知道对方姓名时用)常用的结尾语有:Yours sincerely(知道对方姓名时用)Yours truly/Yours faithfully(不知对方姓名时用)3.私人信件的正文1)开头常见的私人信件的开头方式有:
表示高兴:I was so glad/pleased/happy to receive your letter dated May 1st.表示感谢:Thank you for your wonderful gift/your interesting letter.表示关心与询问:How are you these days?/How are you getting on these days?/How are you getting on with your work/studies?
表示抱歉:I am sorry that I did not write to you sooner but I have been very busy these days. / I am sorry that I have not written to you for such a long time,but let me assure 2 you that you have always been in my thoughts.一般在表示道歉没有及时给对方写信时,还要简述原因或写上安慰的话。
表示遗憾:I was sorry to learn that you did not do well in the entrance examination 3. / I was so upset to hear that you are ill these days. I do hope you are getting better.2)信件主体这部分内容是最自由的,与汉语书信没有什么区别。私人信件一般文体很随便,可以写任何你想写的内容。
3)结束信件常用的话语有:
I am looking forward to hearing 4 from you soon.I am afraid I have to stop now but I will write again.Please give my regards 5 to your family.Take good care of you and keep in touch.最后,需要介绍一下邀请信的写法。邀请信是一种社交信件。随着越来越多的外籍老师来我国学校执教,有时学生举行一些社交活动,常要邀请外籍老师前来参加。因此,学会写英语邀请信是很有实际意义的。
英语邀请信的要点是:(1)邀请对象(2)活动时间(3)活动地点(4)活动内容(5)询问是否接受邀请。
下面是英语邀请信的实例:
比较随便的邀请信Dear Jane,We are giving a small party at Room 303 at 7 p. m. on December 25 to celebrate the Christmas Day. We shall 6 be very pleased if you can come.Yours,Ming Ming比较正式的邀请信June 5,1999Dear Mr Smith,If you have no other plans for Sunday,June 15,would you like to come to our dancing party?
All the students of our class are coming. Mr Li,our dean,is also joining us. And we shall be very pleased if you could manage to come,too.The party is at 7 p. m. in the school hall. We shall expect you then if we do not hear from you to the contrary(回绝).Yours sincerely.
- I sincerely hope you'll come with us.我真诚希望你和我们一起去。
- I sincerely hope that you will be well again soon.我真诚希望你很快就会康复。
- The only ladder to assure success is to work hard.确保成功的惟一途径是刻苦努力。
- I assure you that she can be trusted to do the job.我担保她能做好这项工作。
- Teachers always judge their students on the final examination.老师常根据期末考试来评价他们的学生。
- He put up a good show in the final examination.他在期末考试中表现得不错。
- I look forward to hearing from you in the near future.我盼望着不久收到你的信。
- The old man's hearing is poor.那位老人听力差。
- David sends his warmest regards to your parents. 戴维向你的父母致以最热烈的问候。
- Please give my regards to him. 请代我向他致意。