[科学美国人60秒] SSS 2015-10-09
时间：2019-01-20 作者：英语课 分类：2015年Scientific American(十)月
英语课
Wilder protected areas get eight billion visitors a year, and that's just on land. Underwater reserves? add a million to the tally 1, which, considering these are protected areas, seems like an insane number of people.
" It isn't insane." Dane Blumstaine, a behavior conservation biologist at UCLA." Now member, Some of these might local parks, but you know a lot of people are going and seeking out natural areas annually 2 around the world, and therefore the potential impact of this can be quite large." And the potential impact, to put it bluntly, " You know, does ecotourism make animals dumb?" Or in other words, could our presence disrupt and change the instincts of wild animals and ultimately affect their survival? Blumstaine and his colleagues surveyed literature on human-wildlife interactions all over the world from chimpanzee ecotourism in Uganda to ? and they concluded that human tourism, no matter how well-intentioned, might desensitize animals, making them easier preys 3 for poachers and predators 4. Now a couple of mechanism 5 might be at play. There is what's called the human shield effect. Predators are less likely to pounce 6 when humans are around, making preys less vigilant 7 even after we leave. Or we simple habitually 8 played a large noisy animals,like us. And thus render a more susceptible 9 depredators later.
So, yeah, it does seem we may be inadvertently or advertently domesticating 10 life through tourism and wildlife tourism and eco-tourism.
The reveal is in the journal " Trans in ecology and evolution." Now this paper isn't a direct proof that tourism actually desensitize animals. It's just a theory at this point.
What we have is we have all of the pieces of puzzle sort of lining 11 up and we are a pathway by which this could be an issue. Is it and under what conditions? We don't know and our paper really is rallying five or four more researches on the topic. Research which will hopefully give land managers the tool they need to convince our humans not to let the world wildlife to death.
n.计数器，记分，一致，测量；vt.计算，记录，使一致；vi.计算，记分，一致
- Don't forget to keep a careful tally of what you spend.别忘了仔细记下你的开支账目。
- The facts mentioned in the report tally to every detail.报告中所提到的事实都丝毫不差。
adv.一年一次，每年
- Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
- They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
v.掠食( prey的第三人称单数 )；掠食；折磨；（人）靠欺诈为生
- His misfortune preys upon his mind. 他的不幸使她心中苦恼。 来自辞典例句
- The owl preys on mice. 猫头鹰捕食老鼠。 来自辞典例句
n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面）
- birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
- The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.机械装置；机构，结构
- The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
- The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
n.猛扑；v.猛扑，突然袭击，欣然同意
- Why do you pounce on every single thing I say?干吗我说的每句话你都要找麻烦？
- We saw the tiger about to pounce on the goat.我们看见老虎要向那只山羊扑过去。
adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的
- He has to learn how to remain vigilant through these long nights.他得学会如何在这漫长的黑夜里保持警觉。
- The dog kept a vigilant guard over the house.这只狗警醒地守护着这所房屋。
ad.习惯地，通常地
- The pain of the disease caused him habitually to furrow his brow. 病痛使他习惯性地紧皱眉头。
- Habitually obedient to John, I came up to his chair. 我已经习惯于服从约翰，我来到他的椅子跟前。
adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的
- Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
- We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。
v.驯化( domesticate的现在分词 )
- Domesticating rabbits are the basis of a profitbale fur industry. 驯养野兔是赚钱的毛皮工业的基础。 来自互联网
- In addition, the extent of a facsimile of culture, foreignizing and domesticating are important in translation. 此外，翻译中“文化传真”度的把握，以及译语的异化与归化都至关重要。 来自互联网