【有声英语文学名著】战争与和平 Book 11(19)
时间:2019-01-18 作者:英语课 分类:有声英语文学名著
英语课
Chapter 19 - Napoleon surveys Moscow from Poklónny Hill
Kutuzov’s order to retreat through Moscow to the Ryazan road was issued at night on the first of September.
The first troops started at once, and during the night they marched slowly and steadily 1 without hurry. At daybreak, however, those nearing the town at the Dorogomilov bridge saw ahead of them masses of soldiers crowding and hurrying across the bridge, ascending 2 on the opposite side and blocking the streets and alleys 3, while endless masses of troops were bearing down on them from behind, and an unreasoning hurry and alarm overcame them. They all rushed forward to the bridge, onto it, and to the fords and the boats. Kutuzov himself had driven round by side streets to the other side of Moscow.
By ten o’clock in the morning of the second of September, only the rear guard remained in the Dorogomilov suburb, where they had ample room. The main army was on the other side of Moscow or beyond it.
At that very time, at ten in the morning of the second of September, Napoleon was standing 4 among his troops on the Poklonny Hill looking at the panorama 5 spread out before him. From the twenty-sixth of August to the second of September, that is from the battle of Borodino to the entry of the French into Moscow, during the whole of that agitating 6, memorable 7 week, there had been the extraordinary autumn weather that always comes as a surprise, when the sun hangs low and gives more heat than in spring, when everything shines so brightly in the rare clear atmosphere that the eyes smart, when the lungs are strengthened and refreshed by inhaling 8 the aromatic 9 autumn air, when even the nights are warm, and when in those dark warm nights, golden stars startle and delight us continually by falling from the sky.
At ten in the morning of the second of September this weather still held.
The brightness of the morning was magical. Moscow seen from the Poklonny Hill lay spaciously 10 spread out with her river, her gardens, and her churches, and she seemed to be living her usual life, her cupolas glittering like stars in the sunlight.
The view of the strange city with its peculiar 11 architecture, such as he had never seen before, filled Napoleon with the rather envious 12 and uneasy curiosity men feel when they see an alien form of life that has no knowledge of them. This city was evidently living with the full force of its own life. By the indefinite signs which, even at a distance, distinguish a living body from a dead one, Napoleon from the Poklonny Hill perceived the throb 13 of life in the town and felt, as it were, the breathing of that great and beautiful body.
Every Russian looking at Moscow feels her to be a mother; every foreigner who sees her, even if ignorant of her significance as the mother city, must feel her feminine character, and Napoleon felt it.
“Cette ville asiatique aux innombrables eglises, Moscou la sainte. La voila done enfin, cette fameuse ville! Il etait temps,”* said he - * “That Asiatic city with innumerable churches, holy Moscow! Here she is at last, that famous city. It was high time.”, and dismounting he ordered a plan of Moscow to be spread out before him, and summoned Lelorgne d’Ideville, the interpreter.
“A town captured by the enemy is like a maid who has lost her honor,” thought he (he had said so to Tuchkov at Smolensk). From that point of view he gazed at the Oriental beauty he had not seen before. It seemed strange to him that his long-felt wish, which had seemed unattainable, had at last been realized. In the clear morning light he gazed now at the city and now at the plan, considering its details, and the assurance of possessing it agitated 14 and awed 15 him.
“But could it be otherwise?” he thought. “Here is this capital at my feet. Where is Alexander now, and of what is he thinking? A strange, beautiful, and majestic 16 city; and a strange and majestic moment! In what light must I appear to them!” thought he, thinking of his troops. “Here she is, the reward for all those fainthearted men,” he reflected, glancing at those near him and at the troops who were approaching and forming up. “One word from me, one movement of my hand, and that ancient capital of the Tsars would perish. But my clemency 17 is always ready to descend 18 upon the vanquished 19. I must be magnanimous and truly great. But no, it can’t be true that I am in Moscow,” he suddenly thought. “Yet here she is lying at my feet, with her golden domes 20 and crosses scintillating 21 and twinkling in the sunshine. But I shall spare her. On the ancient monuments of barbarism and despotism I will inscribe 22 great words of justice and mercy. . . . It is just this which Alexander will feel most painfully, I know him.” (It seemed to Napoleon that the chief import of what was taking place lay in the personal struggle between himself and Alexander.) “From the height of the Kremlin — yes, there is the Kremlin, yes — I will give them just laws; I will teach them the meaning of true civilization, I will make generations of boyars remember their conqueror 23 with love. I will tell the deputation that I did not, and do not, desire war, that I have waged war only against the false policy of their court; that I love and respect Alexander and that in Moscow I will accept terms of peace worthy 24 of myself and of my people. I do not wish to utilize 25 the fortunes of war to humiliate 26 an honored monarch 27. ‘Boyars,’ I will say to them, ‘I do not desire war, I desire the peace and welfare of all my subjects.’ However, I know their presence will inspire me, and I shall speak to them as I always do: clearly, impressively, and majestically 28. But can it be true that I am in Moscow? Yes, there she lies.”
“Qu’on m’amene les boyars,”* — * “Bring the boyars to me.” said he to his suite 29.
A general with a brilliant suite galloped 30 off at once to fetch the boyars.
Two hours passed. Napoleon had lunched and was again standing in the same place on the Poklonny Hill awaiting the deputation. His speech to the boyars had already taken definite shape in his imagination. That speech was full of dignity and greatness as Napoleon understood it.
He was himself carried away by the tone of magnanimity he intended to adopt toward Moscow. In his imagination he appointed days for assemblies at the palace of the Tsars, at which Russian notables and his own would mingle 31. He mentally appointed a governor, one who would win the hearts of the people. Having learned that there were many charitable institutions in Moscow he mentally decided 32 that he would shower favors on them all. He thought that, as in Africa he had to put on a burnoose and sit in a mosque 33, so in Moscow he must be beneficent like the Tsars. And in order finally to touch the hearts of the Russians — and being like all Frenchmen unable to imagine anything sentimental 34 without a reference to ma chere, ma tendre, ma pauvre mere* — he decided that he would place an inscription 35 on all these establishments in large letters: “This establishment is dedicated 36 to my dear mother.” Or no, it should be simply: Maison de ma Mere,† he concluded. “But am I really in Moscow? Yes, here it lies before me, but why is the deputation from the city so long in appearing?” he wondered.
* “My dear, my tender, my poor mother.”
† “House of my Mother.”
Meanwhile an agitated consultation 37 was being carried on in whispers among his generals and marshals at the rear of his suite. Those sent to fetch the deputation had returned with the news that Moscow was empty, that everyone had left it. The faces of those who were not conferring together were pale and perturbed 38. They were not alarmed by the fact that Moscow had been abandoned by its inhabitants (grave as that fact seemed), but by the question how to tell the Emperor — without putting him in the terrible position of appearing ridiculous — that he had been awaiting the boyars so long in vain: that there were drunken mobs left in Moscow but no one else. Some said that a deputation of some sort must be scraped together, others disputed that opinion and maintained that the Emperor should first be carefully and skillfully prepared, and then told the truth.
“He will have to be told, all the same,” said some gentlemen of the suite. “But, gentlemen . . . ”
The position was the more awkward because the Emperor, meditating 39 upon his magnanimous plans, was pacing patiently up and down before the outspread map, occasionally glancing along the road to Moscow from under his lifted hand with a bright and proud smile.
“But it’s impossible . . . ” declared the gentlemen of the suite, shrugging their shoulders but not venturing to utter the implied word — le ridicule 40 . . .
At last the Emperor, tired of futile 41 expectation, his actor’s instinct suggesting to him that the sublime 42 moment having been too long drawn 43 out was beginning to lose its sublimity 44, gave a sign with his hand. A single report of a signaling gun followed, and the troops, who were already spread out on different sides of Moscow, moved into the city through Tver, Kaluga, and Dorogomilov gates. Faster and faster, vying 45 with one another, they moved at the double or at a trot 46, vanishing amid the clouds of dust they raised and making the air ring with a deafening 47 roar of mingling 48 shouts.
Drawn on by the movement of his troops Napoleon rode with them as far as the Dorogomilov gate, but there again stopped and, dismounting from his horse, paced for a long time by the Kammer-Kollezski rampart, awaiting the deputation.
adv.稳定地;不变地;持续地
- The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
- Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。
adj.上升的,向上的
- Now draw or trace ten dinosaurs in ascending order of size.现在按照体型由小到大的顺序画出或是临摹出10只恐龙。
胡同,小巷( alley的名词复数 ); 小径
- I followed him through a maze of narrow alleys. 我紧随他穿过一条条迂迴曲折的窄巷。
- The children lead me through the maze of alleys to the edge of the city. 孩子们领我穿过迷宫一般的街巷,来到城边。
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
- After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
- They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
n.全景,全景画,全景摄影,全景照片[装置]
- A vast panorama of the valley lay before us.山谷的广阔全景展现在我们面前。
- A flourishing and prosperous panorama spread out before our eyes.一派欣欣向荣的景象展现在我们的眼前。
搅动( agitate的现在分词 ); 激怒; 使焦虑不安; (尤指为法律、社会状况的改变而)激烈争论
- political groups agitating for social change 鼓吹社会变革的政治团体
- They are agitating to assert autonomy. 他们正在鼓吹实行自治。
adj.值得回忆的,难忘的,特别的,显著的
- This was indeed the most memorable day of my life.这的确是我一生中最值得怀念的日子。
- The veteran soldier has fought many memorable battles.这个老兵参加过许多难忘的战斗。
v.吸入( inhale的现在分词 )
- He was treated for the effects of inhaling smoke. 他因吸入烟尘而接受治疗。 来自辞典例句
- The long-term effects of inhaling contaminated air is unknown. 长期吸入被污染空气的影响还无从知晓。 来自互联网
adj.芳香的,有香味的
- It has an agreeable aromatic smell.它有一种好闻的香味。
- It is light,fruity aromatic and a perfect choice for ending a meal.它是口感轻淡,圆润,芳香的,用于结束一顿饭完美的选择。
adv.宽敞地;广博地
- The furniture was spaciously spread out. 家具摆开后显得宽敞。
- The citizens will live more spaciously and comfortably, benefiting most directly from achieving the goal. 这一目标的实现,最直接的应该是老百姓住得更宽敞了,更舒服了。
adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的
- He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
- He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。
adj.嫉妒的,羡慕的
- I don't think I'm envious of your success.我想我并不嫉妒你的成功。
- She is envious of Jane's good looks and covetous of her car.她既忌妒简的美貌又垂涎她的汽车。
v.震颤,颤动;(急速强烈地)跳动,搏动
- She felt her heart give a great throb.她感到自己的心怦地跳了一下。
- The drums seemed to throb in his ears.阵阵鼓声彷佛在他耳边震响。
adj.被鼓动的,不安的
- His answers were all mixed up,so agitated was he.他是那样心神不定,回答全乱了。
- She was agitated because her train was an hour late.她乘坐的火车晚点一个小时,她十分焦虑。
adj.充满敬畏的,表示敬畏的v.使敬畏,使惊惧( awe的过去式和过去分词 )
- The audience was awed into silence by her stunning performance. 观众席上鸦雀无声,人们对他出色的表演感到惊叹。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- I was awed by the huge gorilla. 那只大猩猩使我惊惧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
adj.雄伟的,壮丽的,庄严的,威严的,崇高的
- In the distance rose the majestic Alps.远处耸立着雄伟的阿尔卑斯山。
- He looks majestic in uniform.他穿上军装显得很威风。
n.温和,仁慈,宽厚
- The question of clemency would rest with the King.宽大处理问题,将由国王决定。
- They addressed to the governor a plea for clemency.他们向州长提交了宽刑的申辨书。
vt./vi.传下来,下来,下降
- I hope the grace of God would descend on me.我期望上帝的恩惠。
- We're not going to descend to such methods.我们不会沦落到使用这种手段。
v.征服( vanquish的过去式和过去分词 );战胜;克服;抑制
- She had fought many battles, vanquished many foes. 她身经百战,挫败过很多对手。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- I vanquished her coldness with my assiduity. 我对她关心照顾从而消除了她的冷淡。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
n.圆屋顶( dome的名词复数 );像圆屋顶一样的东西;圆顶体育场
- The domes are circular or ovoid in cross-section. 穹丘的横断面为圆形或卵圆形。 来自辞典例句
- Parks. The facilities highlighted in text include sport complexes and fabric domes. 本书重点讲的设施包括运动场所和顶棚式结构。 来自互联网
adj.才气横溢的,闪闪发光的; 闪烁的
- Statistics on unemployment levels hardly make for scintillating reading. 失业统计数据读来不大会有趣味。
- You were scintillating on TV last night. 您昨晚在电视上妙语如珠。
v.刻;雕;题写;牢记
- Will you inscribe your name in the book?能否请你在这本书上签名?
- I told the jeweler to inscribe the ring with my name.我叫珠宝商把我的名字刻在那只戒指上。
n.征服者,胜利者
- We shall never yield to a conqueror.我们永远不会向征服者低头。
- They abandoned the city to the conqueror.他们把那个城市丢弃给征服者。
adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的
- I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
- There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。
vt.使用,利用
- The cook will utilize the leftover ham bone to make soup.厨师要用吃剩的猪腿骨做汤。
- You must utilize all available resources.你必须利用一切可以得到的资源。
v.使羞辱,使丢脸[同]disgrace
- What right had they to bully and humiliate people like this?凭什么把人欺侮到这个地步呢?
- They pay me empty compliments which only humiliate me.他们虚情假意地恭维我,这只能使我感到羞辱。
n.帝王,君主,最高统治者
- The monarch's role is purely ceremonial.君主纯粹是个礼仪职位。
- I think myself happier now than the greatest monarch upon earth.我觉得这个时候比世界上什么帝王都快乐。
雄伟地; 庄重地; 威严地; 崇高地
- The waters of the Changjiang River rolled to the east on majestically. 雄伟的长江滚滚东流。
- Towering snowcapped peaks rise majestically. 白雪皑皑的山峰耸入云霄。
n.一套(家具);套房;随从人员
- She has a suite of rooms in the hotel.她在那家旅馆有一套房间。
- That is a nice suite of furniture.那套家具很不错。
(使马)飞奔,奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 ); 快速做[说]某事
- Jo galloped across the field towards him. 乔骑马穿过田野向他奔去。
- The children galloped home as soon as the class was over. 孩子们一下课便飞奔回家了。
vt.使混合,使相混;vi.混合起来;相交往
- If we mingle with the crowd,we should not be noticed.如果我们混在人群中,就不会被注意到。
- Oil will not mingle with water.油和水不相融。
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
n.清真寺
- The mosque is a activity site and culture center of Muslim religion.清真寺为穆斯林宗教活动场所和文化中心。
- Some years ago the clock in the tower of the mosque got out of order.几年前,清真寺钟楼里的大钟失灵了。
adj.多愁善感的,感伤的
- She's a sentimental woman who believes marriage comes by destiny.她是多愁善感的人,她相信姻缘命中注定。
- We were deeply touched by the sentimental movie.我们深深被那感伤的电影所感动。
n.(尤指石块上的)刻印文字,铭文,碑文
- The inscription has worn away and can no longer be read.铭文已磨损,无法辨认了。
- He chiselled an inscription on the marble.他在大理石上刻碑文。
adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的
- He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
- His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
n.咨询;商量;商议;会议
- The company has promised wide consultation on its expansion plans.该公司允诺就其扩展计划广泛征求意见。
- The scheme was developed in close consultation with the local community.该计划是在同当地社区密切磋商中逐渐形成的。
adj.烦燥不安的v.使(某人)烦恼,不安( perturb的过去式和过去分词 )
- I am deeply perturbed by the alarming way the situation developing. 我对形势令人忧虑的发展深感不安。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Mother was much perturbed by my illness. 母亲为我的病甚感烦恼不安。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
a.沉思的,冥想的
- They were meditating revenge. 他们在谋划进行报复。
- The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics. 这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。
v.讥讽,挖苦;n.嘲弄
- You mustn't ridicule unfortunate people.你不该嘲笑不幸的人。
- Silly mistakes and queer clothes often arouse ridicule.荒谬的错误和古怪的服装常会引起人们的讪笑。
adj.无效的,无用的,无希望的
- They were killed,to the last man,in a futile attack.因为进攻失败,他们全部被杀,无一幸免。
- Their efforts to revive him were futile.他们对他抢救无效。
adj.崇高的,伟大的;极度的,不顾后果的
- We should take some time to enjoy the sublime beauty of nature.我们应该花些时间去欣赏大自然的壮丽景象。
- Olympic games play as an important arena to exhibit the sublime idea.奥运会,就是展示此崇高理念的重要舞台。
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
- All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
- Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
崇高,庄严,气质高尚
- It'suggests no crystal waters, no picturesque shores, no sublimity. 这决不会叫人联想到晶莹的清水,如画的两岸,雄壮的气势。
- Huckleberry was filled with admiration of Tom's facility in writing, and the sublimity of his language. 对汤姆流利的书写、响亮的内容,哈克贝利心悦诚服。
adj.竞争的;比赛的
- California is vying with other states to capture a piece of the growing communications market.为了在日渐扩大的通讯市场分得一杯羹,加利福尼亚正在和其他州展开竞争。
- Four rescue plans are vying to save the zoo.4个拯救动物园的方案正争得不可开交。
n.疾走,慢跑;n.老太婆;现成译本;(复数)trots:腹泻(与the 连用);v.小跑,快步走,赶紧
- They passed me at a trot.他们从我身边快步走过。
- The horse broke into a brisk trot.马突然快步小跑起来。