时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:2017年NPR美国国家公共电台12月


英语课

 


RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:


People who get migraines may soon have access to a new type of drug. NPR's Jon Hamilton reports on the first medications designed specifically to prevent migraine attacks.


JON HAMILTON, BYLINE 1: More than 10 percent of us get the occasional migraine. But Dr. Stephen Silberstein says for about 1 percent of the population, the problem is a lot worse.


STEPHEN SILBERSTEIN: These patients are having an almost daily or near daily attacks of migraine. And they're greatly impaired 2 by it.


HAMILTON: Silberstein is a professor of neurology at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia. And he's the lead author of a study that tested a new approach to treating chronic 3 migraines. Silberstein, who spoke 4 via Skype, says more than 700 patients got monthly or quarterly injections of special antibodies. He says they act a bit like soundproofing in the brain.


SILBERSTEIN: You have a kid next door making a lot of noise. You put soundproofing, and then all of a sudden, you're quiet. That's what the antibodies do. They dampen. They prevent the noise from aggravating 5 the system.


HAMILTON: The idea is to prevent the full range of migraine symptoms - headache, nausea 6 and sensitivity to light and sound. And the drug helped nearly half of patients who took it. Most had fewer migraines. A few saw them all but disappear. And in a second, larger study, a different antibody produced similar results. Peter Goadsby, the study's lead author, says antibody drugs represent an important advance.


PETER GOADSBY: They offer the first migraine treatment that's actually aimed at the disorder 7 - so a migraine treatment for migraine patients.


HAMILTON: Goadsby, a professor of neurology at King's College in London, says, until now, migraine patients have relied on drugs meant to treat epilepsy or depression or high blood pressure.


GOADSBY: We give them a choice between, like, a beta blocker where they'll feel tired, or we tell them that they can go on an antidepressant, which will make them sleepy and put on weight.


HAMILTON: Goadsby says the antibody treatments don't seem to produce side effects. And he says their success means that it's possible to develop better migraine drugs.


GOADSBY: I hope it shows patients that this is not an impossible problem. It's a tractable 8 problem.


HAMILTON: Both studies were published in The New England Journal of Medicine, so was an editorial by Andrew Hershey, who directs the Headache Center at Cincinnati Children's Hospital. In it, Hershey describes the benefit to patients as modest but meaningful.


ANDREW HERSHEY: So the modest part is that most of them only had about a two-day improvement over placebo 9.


HAMILTON: In other words, they might average eight days a month with migraines instead of 10. Hershey also says use of these drugs may be limited by their cost.


HERSHEY: Every indication is they will probably be fairly expensive compounds, which means that they probably will not be first line.


HAMILTON: The Food and Drug Administration is expected to review the new drugs in the next few months. One or both could reach the market in 2018.


Jon Hamilton, NPR News.



n.署名;v.署名
  • His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
  • We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。
adj.受损的;出毛病的;有(身体或智力)缺陷的v.损害,削弱( impair的过去式和过去分词 )
  • Much reading has impaired his vision. 大量读书损害了他的视力。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • His hearing is somewhat impaired. 他的听觉已受到一定程度的损害。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的
  • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
  • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
adj.恼人的,讨厌的
  • How aggravating to be interrupted! 被打扰,多令人生气呀!
  • Diesel exhaust is particularly aggravating to many susceptible individuals. 许多体质敏感的人尤其反感柴油废气。
n.作呕,恶心;极端的憎恶(或厌恶)
  • Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕期常有恶心的现象。
  • He experienced nausea after eating octopus.吃了章鱼后他感到恶心。
n.紊乱,混乱;骚动,骚乱;疾病,失调
  • When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后,他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
  • It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。
adj.易驾驭的;温顺的
  • He was always tractable and quiet.他总是温顺、恬静。
  • Gold and silver are tractable metals.金和银是容易加工的金属。
n.安慰剂;宽慰话
  • The placebo has been found to work with a lot of different cases.人们已发现安慰剂能在很多不同的病例中发挥作用。
  • The placebo effect refers to all the observable behaviors caused by placebo.安慰剂效应是指由安慰剂所引起的可观察的行为。
学英语单词
2-methylcortisol
aceraius grandis
Aconitum refracticarpum
allantois chorioidea
aquachloral
arsecheek
avant-gardists
back-channeled
be better of
bean tree
Biankouma
body-thrusts
buarques
bwe
C-Prolog
cable distribution point
Chattertonian
claisen para-rearrangement
coati-mundi
colour screw
Crookes' lens
cumulative error
cylinder cover bolt
date of clearance
dibutyryl
Diphyllobothrium erinacei
diplosomites
dome cap
drip gasoline
drywell ambient temperature
error locating
Euro share market
exhibition space
famale worker
fineberg
flunk
foam in hibitors
foreign exchange option
furnace transformer
gross out
half-bottles
heavy lorry
heterodyne repeater
household word
immanacled
income tax authority
intermodal freight terminal
johann maier ecks
josher
khanaqin
Kundsen-langmuir equation
Kutta-Joukowski airfoil
line broadening
linearly equivalence
lorente
lump salt
mating plug
melomelus
Middeldorpf's triangle
near-optimality
neurogenin
non-parametric cointegration
non-provisional
normal atmosphere
nucleus of the solitary tract
nurserygirl
Odawara
orbitosphenoids
Oto-Manguean
owner-like
phase contour
pig pile
plocamium telfairiae
Plutonian
positive vector
pressure-feed oiling
pullulatings
rabbet line
residual noise
reverse intergenerational influence
rodder
sael
sales record
sayan
scrambly
Silicon Wadi
single-action pressing
spongy brake pedal
structural basis
submolecule
sunk-in
Talodex
test harnesses
thunder thighs
torcious
transition state,transition complex
trimmed in bunker
unaccused
unbenzoled petrol
white mahogany
whitenest
zoocoenology