时间:2019-01-14 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2014年(二月)


英语课

 


Graphene Called Amazing, Versatile 1 Material of the Future 前景光明的多功能材料石墨烯


In 2004, two scientists at the University of Manchester in England isolated 2 a carbon-based material called graphene, with some unusual properties. Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov hailed it as 'the wonder material of the 21st century,' and they were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in physics. Scientists now say that someday, graphene may change the way we live. 


Graphene is the first man-made two-dimensional material. It is actually only a one-atom-thick layer of pure carbon. It is closely related to nanotubes, and microscopic 3 graphite balls called fullerenes.


Graphene is basically graphite, like the core of pencils, but its neatly-arranged and tightly-woven atoms make it 200 times stronger than a steel sheet of the same thickness.


Myriad 4 positive qualities


The leader of the graphene research team at Manchester University, Aravind Vijayaraghavan, said incredible strength is not its only quality.


"It's bendable, stretchable, transparent 5, super light. The best conductor of heat, the best conductor of electricity. It's not just one thing that makes it amazing, it's in fact all these things rolled into one," said Vijayaraghavan.


The potential of graphene is practically unlimited 6. It can be used in cancer therapy, in flexible touchscreens, or for batteries that will charge in seconds. Top tennis players Novak Djokovic and Andy Murray use graphene-based racquets.


Development challenges


But being so thin, graphene also is extremely hard to handle, like the transparent cellulose used for wrapping food.


"It gets everywhere, it crinkles up, it sticks to everything," said Vijayaraghavan.


Because of that, large-scale production is still decades away, said George Mason University Engineering professor Dimitris Ioannou, speaking via Skype. “The real bottleneck 7 is to find out the technique to make large area graphene layers and that’s not yet possible, I don’t think, but there is a lot of research going on,” he said.


Ioannou said someday, graphene may be very useful for smartphone displays, supercapacitors and nanoantennas for nanomachines that could talk to each other.


 


Britain and the European Union are building a $140-million National Graphene Institute in Manchester, while there are already close to 10,000 patents worldwide related to the new material.



adj.通用的,万用的;多才多艺的,多方面的
  • A versatile person is often good at a number of different things.多才多艺的人通常擅长许多种不同的事情。
  • He had been one of the game's most versatile athletes.他是这项运动中技术最全面的运动员之一。
adj.与世隔绝的
  • His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
  • Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。
adj.微小的,细微的,极小的,显微的
  • It's impossible to read his microscopic handwriting.不可能看清他那极小的书写字迹。
  • A plant's lungs are the microscopic pores in its leaves.植物的肺就是其叶片上微细的气孔。
adj.无数的;n.无数,极大数量
  • They offered no solution for all our myriad problems.对于我们数不清的问题他们束手无策。
  • I had three weeks to make a myriad of arrangements.我花了三个星期做大量准备工作。
adj.明显的,无疑的;透明的
  • The water is so transparent that we can see the fishes swimming.水清澈透明,可以看到鱼儿游来游去。
  • The window glass is transparent.窗玻璃是透明的。
adj.无限的,不受控制的,无条件的
  • They flew over the unlimited reaches of the Arctic.他们飞过了茫茫无边的北极上空。
  • There is no safety in unlimited technological hubris.在技术方面自以为是会很危险。
n.瓶颈口,交通易阻的狭口;妨生产流程的一环
  • The transportation bottleneck has blocked the movement of the cargo.运输的困难阻塞了货物的流通。
  • China's strained railroads already become a bottleneck for the economy.中国紧张的铁路运输已经成为经济增长的瓶颈。
学英语单词
absolute cell reference
adapter skirt
Advanced Energy Projects
air traveller
ala dag
Alcyonium
antidrought
aortic obstruction
arc welding engine generator
audioboard
automatic traction equipment
back end-to
basin of attraction
benzimidazoyl
berthages
bohnckes
capacitance coupled
Carex stipata
Caughnawaga
cavity boundary
collied
combustion conditions
commissura posrerior grisea
consolidated statement of cost goods sold
cowherd
crank shaft timing gear
desorption column
dissuader
distributed group decision support system
dry basis moisture content
dry-silver print
dummy out
earthy
Epleys
equicharacteristic
european blackbirds
Expectations Theory
favourous
flight control computer (fcc)
full word integer overflow
fungisterol ergosterol
gear teeth vernier
genus cuterebras
Gomorraha
hardface
Heave aback!
Hoagland solution
hold something in derision
hovercam
injection-valve opening pressure
interbifid grooves
junior school
knife edge test
laocon
level checking
Logovoy
machine mixing
macroslope
menispermaceous
microaneurisms
microvacuolar
millikan method
mixed-up observations
more-detailed
national revolution
nonalinement
notchers
on a razor-edge
ouatite
parabolic cylinder function
Paraguayans
persuadedness
pinotages
planetary radiation budget
pollaplonyx opacipennis
polyvinylidene fluoride
pontious
Primula florindae
programmed temperature works
quality of labor
scotopic eye
sdat
self-dramatizings
sodium ruthenate
soliloquizer
stacking height
Streptothrix
sulcus terminalis
tagging
there's one born every minute
traffic link
Tragacete
ubiquinol
Ugli
undemonstratively
unguerdoned
unit service factor
vignetting diaphragm
whole body radiation
with a heavy tread
work from home
zircon concentrate