时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十二)月


英语课

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.


They call it culturomics: the obvious play on the word "genomics" looks at trends in human thought and culture. But scientists say culturomics has been hampered 1 by a lack of quantitative 2 data. So researchers at Harvard, along with Google, Encyclopedia 3 Britannica, and the American Heritage Dictionary, have come up with a new tool.


It's a database of 5.2 million books, published since the year 1500. That's four percent of all the books ever published, with a total of 500 billion words. The focus is on English language culture, so three quarters of the books are in English.


Among the first findings of the research, published in the journal Science: about, 8500 new words enter the English language annually 4. But many of them don't end up in dictionaries. And about fame—actors become famous around age 30, writers around 40, and politicians around 50. But the fame of politicians can eventually exceed that of actors.


A Google tool called the Books Ngram Viewer is available based on this data—users can track the usage and frequency of a word or phrase over the past few centuries. Thus, we can watch the fall and rise of Melville. And soon the rise and fall of Snooki.


Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Cynthia Graber.



1 hampered
妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )
  • The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
  • So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。
2 quantitative
adj.数量的,定量的
  • He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。
  • We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。
3 encyclopedia
n.百科全书
  • The encyclopedia fell to the floor with a thud.那本百科全书砰的一声掉到地上。
  • Geoff is a walking encyclopedia.He knows about everything.杰夫是个活百科全书,他什么都懂。
4 annually
adv.一年一次,每年
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
标签: 托福素材 sss
学英语单词
-throated
actionable course of action
affine subspace
alif
aminobenzamide
angiocheiloscope
arteria glutes
aykroyd
ballast-surfaced
Bhongweni
bird's-foot
Borries
bring sth into execution
burst extended-data-out RAM
cable-tension transducer
catchwater drain
characteristic of a field
class Myxomycetes
cloam oven
court-martial jurisdiction
credit risk management
cyclonic rain
dance-club
data falsification
deferred stock
demand oriented
demeanour
Demerara R.
dendritic osteophyte
dermatohypertrophia
deviation reducing feedback
elevating hopper feeder
Enright
fill-in-the-blanks
fluxrefining
Forsbrook
four jaw large hole chuck
general-purpose register
gingiver
glacier wind
gun-perforator loader
halogenosilane
herbesser tablet
Houdry fixed-bed catalytic cracking
hucked
human organic histology
hydropneumatosis
inflammatory diseases
internal consumption
Janeway's sphygmomanometer
Kilchu
kollman
Kremer
lallapalooza
Lanacap
liner of cylinder
loading routine (input routine)
luminosity
Lysionotus heterophyllus
magnetohydrodynamic wave
masturwait
microinsurance
multiple diaphragm gage
nodosely
nondiscrete valuation
Nopalea cochenillifera
ogna variant of epidermolysis bullosa simplex
order trogoniformess
painters'colic
papp-a
Paramobil
permabulls
physiologies
popcorn ball
pygmyisn
refractory chamber
rusting out
sailing plan
seal gas-supplied seal
Seebeck coefficient of a couple
sericites
short-time exposure
Sparanise
sphenic number
spoon spike
ST_medicine_describing-medical-treatment-generally
steles
surface excess concentration
tank washings
taper gage
the algorithm
the purple
time diffusion technique
TLVO
twistedness
Tyrolian, Tyrolese
van der pol
velcro-like
wazee
wersh
wismars