时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十二)月


英语课

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.


They call it culturomics: the obvious play on the word "genomics" looks at trends in human thought and culture. But scientists say culturomics has been hampered 1 by a lack of quantitative 2 data. So researchers at Harvard, along with Google, Encyclopedia 3 Britannica, and the American Heritage Dictionary, have come up with a new tool.


It's a database of 5.2 million books, published since the year 1500. That's four percent of all the books ever published, with a total of 500 billion words. The focus is on English language culture, so three quarters of the books are in English.


Among the first findings of the research, published in the journal Science: about, 8500 new words enter the English language annually 4. But many of them don't end up in dictionaries. And about fame—actors become famous around age 30, writers around 40, and politicians around 50. But the fame of politicians can eventually exceed that of actors.


A Google tool called the Books Ngram Viewer is available based on this data—users can track the usage and frequency of a word or phrase over the past few centuries. Thus, we can watch the fall and rise of Melville. And soon the rise and fall of Snooki.


Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Cynthia Graber.



1 hampered
妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )
  • The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
  • So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。
2 quantitative
adj.数量的,定量的
  • He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。
  • We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。
3 encyclopedia
n.百科全书
  • The encyclopedia fell to the floor with a thud.那本百科全书砰的一声掉到地上。
  • Geoff is a walking encyclopedia.He knows about everything.杰夫是个活百科全书,他什么都懂。
4 annually
adv.一年一次,每年
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
标签: 托福素材 sss
学英语单词
ABS
achievable region
acrotrichoma
African scented mahogany
akios
amongst
backwards-compatibility
ballast clearing machine
Balltown
beta-Heparin
borrow of
bouncier
calthrop
capitals of the netherlands
carlye
centi-tesla
chemical calculation
chemical cleaning basin
cije (current index for journal of education)
cnx
coding standard
cogent prolog
component symbol
counter-act
discontinuity of the first kind
discretional order
dorsoduct
driver spring saddle
drosophila (drosophila) quadrilineata
electro-metals
emergency dump steam
Employee Retirement Income Security Act
feu-farm
fish bone method
Fixed Assets to Net Worth
flexible dimension
floating lending rate
for sb.'s account
fuel supply gauge
geographical barrier
glass bead
gubernaculum dentis
hermicity
horizontal programming
Hyperoodon ampullatus
individual recognition
inner-ring
isotope teletherapy
K-9 units
knobhead
lever-type dial indicator
linear pattern
low-temperature valve
magnality
marginal buyer
marketing network
mascarenhas
Mishma
neuralized
no-load heat consumption
noncoherence
Nungwi, Ras
oil-pressure damper
oil-producing interval
optimum maturity
order Scrophulariales
parachloromandelic acid
picture-baseds
plane table triangulation
power network frequency
Puerto Armuelles
quadrectomy of breast
reach for the sky
record-taking
separation structure
side-looking airborne radar
singular solution
skeleton layout
social enterprise
Sos del Rey Católico
stableman
stagnant condition
statyl
strain-age cracking
substitution short
surface reconstruction
switch instruction
the axis of evil
thin-wall construction
third phase fold
time spreading process
to come into being
trebenoside
triesters
trykon
tyare
ulmus lanceaefolia roxb.
unpersonable
vagal rebound
veksels
wing snow plough
Yangdong