时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十二)月


英语课

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.


They call it culturomics: the obvious play on the word "genomics" looks at trends in human thought and culture. But scientists say culturomics has been hampered 1 by a lack of quantitative 2 data. So researchers at Harvard, along with Google, Encyclopedia 3 Britannica, and the American Heritage Dictionary, have come up with a new tool.


It's a database of 5.2 million books, published since the year 1500. That's four percent of all the books ever published, with a total of 500 billion words. The focus is on English language culture, so three quarters of the books are in English.


Among the first findings of the research, published in the journal Science: about, 8500 new words enter the English language annually 4. But many of them don't end up in dictionaries. And about fame—actors become famous around age 30, writers around 40, and politicians around 50. But the fame of politicians can eventually exceed that of actors.


A Google tool called the Books Ngram Viewer is available based on this data—users can track the usage and frequency of a word or phrase over the past few centuries. Thus, we can watch the fall and rise of Melville. And soon the rise and fall of Snooki.


Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Cynthia Graber.



1 hampered
妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )
  • The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
  • So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。
2 quantitative
adj.数量的,定量的
  • He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。
  • We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。
3 encyclopedia
n.百科全书
  • The encyclopedia fell to the floor with a thud.那本百科全书砰的一声掉到地上。
  • Geoff is a walking encyclopedia.He knows about everything.杰夫是个活百科全书,他什么都懂。
4 annually
adv.一年一次,每年
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
标签: 托福素材 sss
学英语单词
-mazia
accessing independent processing environment
acturience
alpha-Difluoromethylornithine
aminopolypeptidases
anthracite coal
arseniuretted hydrogen
assembly listing
atomic region
autoecious parasitism
ball metaphas (barber & callan 1943)
blindman's rule
Bolarque, Embalse de
Bourgneuf-en-Retz
can-type burner
capelan
Carex yulungshanensis
carpilius maculatus
Carrot R.
cauchy integral
chemabrasion
Chhattīsgarh Plain
Chirita polycephala
crassulaceous metabolism
crh
criterionof degeneracy
debuscope
diatomists
dog-watch
double circular sawmill
drive the centre
entraining plume
expouse
face-plate starter
fibbed
flame noise
folk ballads
Free Home
full irrigation
Gastrochilus fargesii
genius locis
gerstman
gingivopericementitis
hook lever
huddling together
hyperoxygenated
ice cream
incongenial
independent periods
indigogen
isostatically anomaly
Kholbon
load decrease
locally random set of numbers
Los Serranos
lots
Marignana
Mischief comes by pounds and goes away by ounces.
Montreal steak seasoning
moulding oil
movie-making
multicoupler
nkwi
old-economy
Omphalomonodidymy
other optical measurement equipment
outbreed
over-issue
paternalize
photogrammetric distortion
pint size
Platanthera lancilabris
pras
pulse digit
pulverizer
re stress
refount
remote deposit capture
report of investigation
rosagine
salt dissolving tank
sarhamnoloside
scyphoid
semisyllable
sight for sore eye
simple liquid mount
sleeper bar
solid visualization
spin doctor
spiraling costs
straight from the horses mouth
strategic air supply
strette
symmetrical structure
synthesizer
tail-rhymes
teva
thermal-shock
thickened gasoline
unimodular property
water pennywort
what's happening