时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十二)月


英语课

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.


They call it culturomics: the obvious play on the word "genomics" looks at trends in human thought and culture. But scientists say culturomics has been hampered 1 by a lack of quantitative 2 data. So researchers at Harvard, along with Google, Encyclopedia 3 Britannica, and the American Heritage Dictionary, have come up with a new tool.


It's a database of 5.2 million books, published since the year 1500. That's four percent of all the books ever published, with a total of 500 billion words. The focus is on English language culture, so three quarters of the books are in English.


Among the first findings of the research, published in the journal Science: about, 8500 new words enter the English language annually 4. But many of them don't end up in dictionaries. And about fame—actors become famous around age 30, writers around 40, and politicians around 50. But the fame of politicians can eventually exceed that of actors.


A Google tool called the Books Ngram Viewer is available based on this data—users can track the usage and frequency of a word or phrase over the past few centuries. Thus, we can watch the fall and rise of Melville. And soon the rise and fall of Snooki.


Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Cynthia Graber.



1 hampered
妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )
  • The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
  • So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。
2 quantitative
adj.数量的,定量的
  • He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。
  • We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。
3 encyclopedia
n.百科全书
  • The encyclopedia fell to the floor with a thud.那本百科全书砰的一声掉到地上。
  • Geoff is a walking encyclopedia.He knows about everything.杰夫是个活百科全书,他什么都懂。
4 annually
adv.一年一次,每年
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
标签: 托福素材 sss
学英语单词
absolute measure of dispersion
acetic peracid
acid-digestion plagioclase
affinity-purified
alanamu
andshe
Apocynum cannabinum
arteriae intercostalis suprema
Artronal
baking resin
bidirrectional counter
biological unit
Bozdag
C. L. Q.
carbonicum
centralized planning control
Chapicuy
citizen competence
collectivisations
common nuisances
compressor output
continuous drive
contraryete
cornocentin
curvatura praepubica
davis-johnson
differential blood count
discomforture
discontinuity layer
displacement unit
division structure
double crop
echinops grijisii hance
electronic instruments
ERAB (Energy Research Advisory Board)
ethenylamidine
film-former
folding intermediate
food and beverage
fork guard
gempylus serpenss
genitoanorectal
goyisch, goyische
grid-focused operation
Grove Lake
hemorrhoidolysis
IL system
inverse kinematics
isorhamnose
Kellovian
knouse
La Grande River
laulimalide
Lenina, Proliv
Libyo-
local area coverage (lac)
low-income farm
mass chest examination
Mercurians
mud avalanche
multiple dividers
MXML
nonacid
nonearthly
Norris's corpuscles
Omchak
ontogony
painted scroll
phrenic ganglia
pith filament
placeblogs
pneumonomycosis
poison pen
political-influence
prolocutor
quantity of filler present
real stop
reference pulse
relative centrifugal force
schedule of foreign assets
separator insert
sheet metal working machines
shuttle carrier
single-deck pallet
sir clive marles sinclairs
squillante
subtractive printing
supermusicals
surface pile density
tabular system oriented language (tabsol)
take apart something
taken lying down
thermel protection device
token access control
trans-stellar
traumatic pneumonosis
triple-valve cap
tu-whit
tube-like
tuberculosis cutis pruriginosa
variables of perceived color
worse-case