时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十二)月


英语课

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.


They call it culturomics: the obvious play on the word "genomics" looks at trends in human thought and culture. But scientists say culturomics has been hampered 1 by a lack of quantitative 2 data. So researchers at Harvard, along with Google, Encyclopedia 3 Britannica, and the American Heritage Dictionary, have come up with a new tool.


It's a database of 5.2 million books, published since the year 1500. That's four percent of all the books ever published, with a total of 500 billion words. The focus is on English language culture, so three quarters of the books are in English.


Among the first findings of the research, published in the journal Science: about, 8500 new words enter the English language annually 4. But many of them don't end up in dictionaries. And about fame—actors become famous around age 30, writers around 40, and politicians around 50. But the fame of politicians can eventually exceed that of actors.


A Google tool called the Books Ngram Viewer is available based on this data—users can track the usage and frequency of a word or phrase over the past few centuries. Thus, we can watch the fall and rise of Melville. And soon the rise and fall of Snooki.


Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Cynthia Graber.



1 hampered
妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )
  • The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
  • So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。
2 quantitative
adj.数量的,定量的
  • He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。
  • We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。
3 encyclopedia
n.百科全书
  • The encyclopedia fell to the floor with a thud.那本百科全书砰的一声掉到地上。
  • Geoff is a walking encyclopedia.He knows about everything.杰夫是个活百科全书,他什么都懂。
4 annually
adv.一年一次,每年
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
标签: 托福素材 sss
学英语单词
aesthetic perineum surgery
alarm-call
alkyl trimethyl ammonium compound
angass
antistine phosphate
arc of trajectory
assembly engineering
barkor
be too much for
black-band iron-ore
bulb-like
calliper micrometer
capture effect
catheterised
close-end diaries
configuration record list
conservation gasoline
critikon
cycle touring
dandyized
differential shock mounting plate
disciform atelectasis
doucher
eccentric feeder
echinostomatoid
effective freeboard
enamel lamp-shade
Epleys
fakirism
ferro carpholite
filiferus
final beneficiary
fine streamline body
for indication only
gaudelli
Hatchbend
have a good slack
heavy haul trailer
horizontal strain
inner bremsstrahlung
Ishikawa-ken
ketocyclazocine
kidney donor
lacrimal apparatuses
lopharia cinerascens
low power range trip
lurnbale
Maebashi
maritime buoyage
mastopexy
Mesolithic
microprocessor chip
millilux
multi-drop
near infrared reflectance spectroscopy(nirs)
oral fossa
original treaty
Oscillospiraceae
parts release notification
Paspebiac
PERT time system
pile shaft
plantar intercuneiform ligaments
Port numbers
positive definite matrix
potorti
precatively
pressurized sample
print head driver
Reevesia rotundifolia
richwind
ristal
RUPT'D
salend
sebum praeputiale
Sewa River
shechita
ships in the night
silver-spooned
skilled hands
snowshoe
solipotence
spacer spark coil
standard data interchange
sun umbrella
superior mesenteric arteries
surface pile density
system separation
thawing surface
theraphy of color
thermal-recovery unit
trailing flap
transparency swelling
transparent addressing
twister
under-provision
unspurned
urophora (urophora) formosana
Volterra method
waste bank refarming
western province (ysabel)
wet wrinkle