时间:2019-01-13 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2011年(七月)


英语课

Fast-Growing Internet Communities Share Human Milk


In yet another instance of an Internet-driven social phenomenon, a growing number of women in the U.S. are joining on-line breast-milk-sharing communities. Their aim is to provide human milk to new mothers who can't breastfeed their babies. While the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued warnings about the potential health risks of this practice, advocates sing the praises of both breast milk and their online community.

Lindsey Ward 1, 23, has two children. Because she isn't able to produce enough breast milk, she fed her first child formula. But when her second baby, Joshua, arrived nine months ago, she decided 2 to give him the best of all baby foods: human breast milk.

"When he is ready to eat I take one of these out and put it in cold water so I can thaw 3 it out," said Ward. "Right now, I have milk from three different women in this freezer."

For the past 9 months Ward has used breast milk from 15 women. She met them through a variety of Internet-based social networks, and online breast-milk sharing groups such as Eats on Feets, and MilkShare.

"What I would do is I post on the [Facebook] 'wall' something like 'I need milk for my 9-month-old son,'" Ward explained.

And within a few hours, women respond. They chat online; they agree to meet to pick up the bags of frozen milk. No money changes hands. Ward says her baby has been healthy and gained weight normally on his breast-milk diet. She says she's also made great friends, like Amanda Brewer 4.

Amanda has four children and has breastfed them all. She became a member of Eats on Feets when she had to stop feeding her two month-old baby temporarily because the dairy milk she was drinking was passing through her own milk and triggering an allergic 5 reaction in her baby.

"So we found two donor 6 moms who didn't drink dairy either and so they donated to him for two weeks," Brewer called.

After two weeks off dairy, she was able to feed her baby again. But in the meantime, because her breasts were still producing milk, she pumped and stored it for donation.

Since then she has been both a donor and recipient 7.

There are many reasons to give or receive breast milk. Heidi Briguglio, the Washington DC regional coordinator 8 for Eats on Feets, had a personal reason for founding the chapter: "I was adopted when I was a baby, I was three days old and my parents adopted me. My mother would have done this for me," she explained.

Briguglio has always breast fed her 19-month-old baby Azure 9 and has not donated milk yet. She says the number of lactating women joining breast milk-sharing communities online is growing worldwide.

As these groups proliferate 10, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is warning against feeding babies with breast milk obtained from donors 11 not screened for infectious diseases.

Dr. Stephen Wall, an adviser 12 for the international organization Save the Children, supports breast milk-sharing, but he echoes the FDA warning:

"The benefits of breast milk, over formula have been demonstrated for pre-term babies, so there is a benefit in having breast milk, but only in the setting where that baby can be provided that safely without risk of infection and without risk of contamination," noted 13 Wall.

Some of those risks include the Hepatitis B or C viruses, and HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. But milk-sharing groups like Eats on Feets believe the safety issue is an individual responsibility.

"The responsibility for safety and knowing their source, getting information about how they want to handle the milk is up to the mothers themselves," Briguglio explained.

For Lindsey Ward and Amanda Brewer, as for many other women meeting through the Internet and sharing their breast milk with many babies, it's a matter of trust and mother's instinct.



n.守卫,监护,病房,行政区,由监护人或法院保护的人(尤指儿童);vt.守护,躲开
  • The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
  • During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时,我要点根火把,抵挡蚊虫。
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
v.(使)融化,(使)变得友善;n.融化,缓和
  • The snow is beginning to thaw.雪已开始融化。
  • The spring thaw caused heavy flooding.春天解冻引起了洪水泛滥。
n. 啤酒制造者
  • Brewer is a very interesting man. 布鲁尔是一个很有趣的人。
  • I decided to quit my job to become a brewer. 我决定辞职,做一名酿酒人。
adj.过敏的,变态的
  • Alice is allergic to the fur of cats.艾丽斯对猫的皮毛过敏。
  • Many people are allergic to airborne pollutants such as pollen.许多人对空气传播的污染物过敏,比如花粉。
n.捐献者;赠送人;(组织、器官等的)供体
  • In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下,接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
  • The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。
a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器
  • Please check that you have a valid email certificate for each recipient. 请检查是否对每个接收者都有有效的电子邮件证书。
  • Colombia is the biggest U . S aid recipient in Latin America. 哥伦比亚是美国在拉丁美洲最大的援助对象。
n.协调人
  • The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, headed by the Emergency Relief Coordinator, coordinates all UN emergency relief. 联合国人道主义事务协调厅在紧急救济协调员领导下,负责协调联合国的所有紧急救济工作。
  • How am I supposed to find the client-relations coordinator? 我怎么才能找到客户关系协调员的办公室?
adj.天蓝色的,蔚蓝色的
  • His eyes are azure.他的眼睛是天蓝色的。
  • The sun shone out of a clear azure sky.清朗蔚蓝的天空中阳光明媚。
vi.激增,(迅速)繁殖,增生
  • We must not proliferate nuclear arms.我们决不能扩散核武器。
  • Rabbits proliferate when they have plenty of food.兔子有充足的食物就会繁衍得很快。
n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 );献血者;捐血者;器官捐献者
  • Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去,请给我们发电子邮件。
  • About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.劝告者,顾问
  • They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
  • Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。
adj.著名的,知名的
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
学英语单词
abnormal phoneme
aestuum
alternative carriage
anal operculum
antiarachnolysin
backstair
banana kicks
barenboim
be under review
BISCS
bow mechanism
bursae iliopectinea
Chladni
chromium tungstate
compound oil
concentrated evaporator
conical gauge
conpsoromic acid
convergence region
countryish
debit credit mechanism
delayed time-base sweep
disarmings
discredits
distinctiveness ratio
electropositive
erewhile (s)
extended field
filament blend yarn
Flumezin
foreappoint
forest goats
formation signal
frontal-contour chart
Gaius Julius Caesar
Galton's delta
gastrique
generalife
Gentianopsis holopetala
get ... on
gnathoscope
Guy's pill
Huschke's valves
hyperegy
integrated tug-barge
it feels like
kalioun
karagandas
Kievites
KING (Kinetic Intense Neutron Generator)
layman management
line control word
lobotess
lobularities
luci
magnesium carbonate
Makhāmīr, Jab.al
microwave dryer
mimoplocia notata
MIRAPINNIDAE
modern drama
nandrolone phenylpropionate
nonimplant
Olovyannaya
one quadrant convertor
optical parallelism
overhead
p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid
pendler
PHLA
placida dendritica
predicator
production engine
provisional acceptance
purophobia
requisite book
reverse-commutes
rule with an iron fist
Sikkim holly
siliceous geyserite
solid error
solid lubricant
solubility parameter
spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa)
spray chemical
stationary tangent
Stenshuvud
subdivision rules
taxation theories and principles
the Demerara
thinkos
tidal zone biology
timber drying
tropical air mass
true income
undilating
US Coast Guard
Wii Sports
wolf jaw
xterra
yard craft