VOA标准英语2012--Traditional Stoves Detrimental to Heath, Environment in Nigeria
时间：2019-01-13 作者：英语课 分类：VOA标准英语2012年(九月)
Traditional Stoves Detrimental 1 to Heath, Environment in Nigeria
Bola Abiola serves amala, a traditional Nigerian dish made of yam flour while smoke billows from the nearby outdoor kitchen.
Like many Nigerian cooks, she does not know about the health risks from the smoky wooden stoves that boil the amala, which activists 2 are now calling "killers 3" of both people and the environment.
But like many who cook with traditional stoves in Nigeria she doesn’t feel there is any choice.
"If we use kerosene 4 or charcoal 5 it takes too much time to cook the food and costs us a lot more money," she said. "Firewood is best for us because it takes 30 minutes to cook something that could take an hour and a half."
Activists say the wood smoke emits toxins 6, causing eye problems, lung and heart diseases and increasing the risk of strokes.
Hamzat Lawal works for the International Centre for Energy, Environment and Development in Nigeria, one of several organizations lobbying for new policies that increase the supply- and demand- for safer stoves. He says it has been difficult to get kerosene, gas or energy-efficient wood stoves in the hands of the people - most of whom cook on traditional wood stoves.
And he says, it’s not just the men and women who cook who are in danger.
"Our mothers carry our younger ones on their backs. And that smoke also affects them. So, over time we get to lose some of these children from the effects of the smoke," he said.
He says electrical stoves are not currently on the agenda because most people in Nigeria don’t have access to electricity. Those that have power, have it sporadically 7 - sometimes only a few hours a day.
These men grill 8 goat on the side of a street in the outskirts 9 of the capital. Dan Malik says he spends all day standing 10 over smoke from the wood fire. He says his eyes hurt and he expects other problems later in life.
"I’m aware of the long-term effects but I have no other options because I don’t have another business to turn to," he said.
Officials say traditional stoves in Nigeria are also unsustainable, with deforestation rates already among the highest in the world.
- We know that heat treatment is detrimental to milk.我们知道加热对牛奶是不利的。
- He wouldn't accept that smoking was detrimental to health.他不相信吸烟有害健康。
- His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
- Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He remained steadfast in his determination to bring the killers to justice. 他要将杀人凶手绳之以法的决心一直没有动摇。
- They were professional killers who did in John. 杀死约翰的这些人是职业杀手。
- It is like putting out a fire with kerosene.这就像用煤油灭火。
- Instead of electricity,there were kerosene lanterns.没有电，有煤油灯。
- We need to get some more charcoal for the barbecue.我们烧烤需要更多的碳。
- Charcoal is used to filter water.木炭是用来过滤水的。
- The seas have been used as a receptacle for a range of industrial toxins. 海洋成了各种有毒工业废料的大容器。
- Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body. 大部分毒素被自然排出体外。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- There are some trees sporadically around his house. 他的房子周围零星地有点树木。 来自辞典例句
- As for other aspects, we will sporadically hand out questionnaires. 在其他方面，我们会偶尔发送调查问卷。 来自互联网
- Put it under the grill for a minute to brown the top.放在烤架下烤一分钟把上面烤成金黄色。
- I'll grill you some mutton.我来给你烤一些羊肉吃。
- Our car broke down on the outskirts of the city.我们的汽车在市郊出了故障。
- They mostly live on the outskirts of a town.他们大多住在近郊。