VOA标准英语2010年-Africans Dealing With Harsh Realities
时间：2019-01-13 作者：英语课 分类：VOA标准英语2010年(一月)
The global financial crisis is said to be the worst since the Great Depression. It has contributed to the failure of key businesses and declines in consumer wealth in Africa and other parts of the developing world. In sub-Saharan Africa, there has been significant drop in economic activity, with the export sector 1 suffering major losses in revenue.
The causes of the crisis had nothing to do with Africa, says Dr. Shantayanan Devarajan, the chief economist 2 of the World Bank's Africa Region.
But the continent was soon feeling its effects.
Initial concerns in Africa were directed at the increase in oil prices. Governments were not too concerned about the effect it could have on local financial institutions, since many of them are not fully 3 integrated into the global financial structure.
But as the crisis worsened, that theory was proven wrong. African banking 4 institutions have working relationships with major financial firms, and Devarajan says declining investor 5 confidence in the West led to reductions in credit available to African banks.
Most important, he says, was the decline in commodity prices. As an example, oil exporters like Nigeria and Angola saw a sharp decline in revenues when the price fell from 140 to 40 dollars a barrel.
Africa also suffered a loss in tourist revenues. Many African countries depend on earnings 6 from tourism. For some, it accounts for most of their foreign exchange earnings. When Western consumers starting feeling the effects of the financial crisis, tourist traffic to Africa began to drop.
The export sector experienced financial losses as well. In some countries, Devarajan says, exports make up almost 70 percent of GDP, “so when the export sectors 7 declines, all the other sectors of the economy are affected 8.”
The World Bank says while the global economy is showing signs of recovery, many developing countries are still suffering, highlighting the need to increase support to the poorest countries dealing 9 with economic volatility 10.
Because of the crisis, says the Bank, 89 million more people will be living in extreme poverty, on less than $1.25 a day, by the end of 2010. It says the recession put at risk $11.6 billion of spending in areas like education, health, infrastructure 11 and other important sectors.
- The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
- The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
- He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
- He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。
- The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
- They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
- John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
- He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。
- My nephew is a cautious investor.我侄子是个小心谨慎的投资者。
- The investor believes that his investment will pay off handsomely soon.这个投资者相信他的投资不久会有相当大的收益。
- That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
- Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。
- Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
- His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
- This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
- His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。
- That was one reason why volatility was so low last year.这也是去年波动性如此低的原因之一。
- Yet because volatility remained low for so long,disaster myopia prevailed.然而，由于相当长的时间里波动性小，灾难短视就获胜了。
- We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
- We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。