VOA慢速英语2012 IN THE NEWS - Rains End Famine in Somalia, but Millions Remain at Risk

IN THE NEWS - Rains End Famine in Somalia, but Millions Remain at Risk

新闻报道 - 雨季结束了索马里饥荒，但危机远未结束

This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English.

这里是美国之音慢速英语新闻报道。

This week, the United Nations declared an official end to the famine in southern Somalia. Recent rains, an improved harvest and a major humanitarian 1 aid effort during the past six months helped reduce the threat of starvation.

联合国本周正式宣布索马里南部饥荒结束。最近的降雨，粮食收成的改善，以及过去六个月大范围人道主义援助的努力帮助降低了饥饿的威胁。

But the new head of the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization says millions of people are still at risk. Director-General Jose Graziano da Silva says conditions could again worsen unless the aid continues during the next one hundred days.

但联合国粮农组织的新任总干事何塞·格拉齐亚诺·达席尔瓦（Jose Graziano da Silva）表示，千百万人仍处于危险之中。他说，在未来100天里，除非援助继续，否则情况可能会再次恶化。

JOSE GRAZIANO DA SILVA: "If we do not keep in support, especially those three months that we have in drought season until came the rain season in April, those people will not survive. We will have famine back."

达席尔瓦：“如果我们不继续支持，特别是在4月份雨季来临前的干旱季节的这三个月，这些人将无法生存。饥荒将重新回来...”

Mr. da Silva traveled this week to southern Somalia. On Friday he told reporters in Kenya that no more areas of Somalia are under famine conditions. But in his words, "good news does not mean that the crisis is over."

达席尔瓦先生本周走访了索马里南部。他周五在肯尼亚对记者表示，索马里并没有更多地区陷入饥荒。但用他的话来说，“这个好消息并不意味着危机已经结束。”

JOSE GRAZIANO DA SILVA: “We still have a huge problem in the region particularly in Somalia and also in the other countries that you know are facing similar situation like the Sahel region in particular the South Sudan.''

达席尔瓦：“该地区仍然存在很大的问题，特别是在索马里境内部分。以及面临类似状况的其它国家，像萨赫勒地区南苏丹境内部分。”

注：非洲之角地区和萨赫勒地区都横跨多个国家。

A mother and child at a camp in Mogadishu. Many Somalis remain at risk because of hunger and conflict.

United Nations officials now list the situation in Somalia as a "humanitarian emergency" instead of a famine. "Famine" means two adults or four children per ten thousand people die of hunger each day and a third of children are severely 2 malnourished.

联合国官员目前将索马里现状列为“人道主义紧急状态”而不是饥荒。饥荒是指每万人中每天有两名成人或四名儿童死于饥饿，三分之一的儿童严重营养不良。

The FAO and the Famine Early Warning Network say more than two million people still need emergency assistance. That is almost one-third of Somalia's population.

粮农组织和饥荒预警网络(Famine Early Warning Network)称仍有超过2千万人需要紧急援助，这几乎占到索马里人口的三分之一。

The United Nations says tens of thousand of people have died since the famine was first declared in parts of southern Somalia in July. Now, refugees have started slowly returning after a good harvest in the recent rainy season.

联合国表示，自去年7月份索马里南部部分地区首次宣布饥荒以来，已经有数万人死亡。目前，在最近雨季的好收成之后，难民已经开始慢慢返回该地区。

Hundreds of thousands of Somalis fled to camps in Kenya, Ethiopia and the Somali capital, Mogadishu, in search of food and water. Part of the problem: the militant 3 group al-Shabab has restricted international aid in the areas it controls.

成千上万的索马里人逃往肯尼亚、埃塞尔比亚和索马里首都摩加迪沙的难民营寻求食物和水。部分问题在于：索马里激进组织青年党在其控制地区内对国际援助做出了严格限制。

In any conflict area, helping 4 those in need can require complex negotiations 6 and compromise. The medical aid group Doctors Without Borders works in many conflict areas, including Somalia. The group is also known as MSF, for Medecins Sans Frontieres in French. The group has published a book called "Humanitarian Negotiations Revealed: The MSF Experience."

在任何冲突地区去帮助有需要的人士，可能都需要复杂的谈判和妥协。作为医疗救援组织的无国界医生组织（Doctors Without Borders）在许多冲突地区工作，包括索马里。该组织也被简称为MSF,这是法语Médecins Sans Frontières的缩写。他们出版了一本名为《人道主义谈判揭秘：无国界医生组织的经验》的书。

In recent years, medical and humanitarian workers have been increasingly in danger.

近年来，医疗和人道主义工作人员越来越危险。

MICHAEL NEUMAN: "We got ourselves five workers killed in Afghanistan in two thousand four. We got three workers killed in Somalia, expulsion in Niger and in Sudan."

迈克尔·纽曼：“2004年我们有5名员工在阿富汗被杀害。我们有3名员工在索马里被杀害，还被尼日尔和苏丹驱逐。”

Michael Neuman is director of the MSF research center in Paris and co-author of the book. He says there is no way to avoid negotiation 5 if medical treatment is to be provided in conflict areas. Negotiations center on a search for common interests between different sides and opposing groups. In the end, he says, "you fight for what you believe in to the maximum, but know that you may not achieve it all."

迈克尔·纽曼（Michael Neuman）是巴黎无国界医生研究中心负责人，也是这本书的合著者。他说，如果在冲突地区提供医疗救治，谈判无可避免。谈判集中于寻找各方和反对团体的共同利益。最后他表示，“你为信仰最大化而战，但也知道可能无法实现。”

And that's IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. I'm Steve Ember.

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Contributing: Joe De Capua and Gabe Joselow