VOA慢速英语2011--Microsavings Could Mean Big Gains for the World’s Poor

Economics Report - Microsavings Could Mean Big Gains for the World’s Poor

经济报道 - 小额储蓄大收益

This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语经济报道。



When it comes to savings 1, no amount is too small. Microsaving is a growing part of the international movement of microfinance. The aim is to bring financial services to poor people.

储蓄无大小。微储蓄是国际小额信贷运动中一个持续增长的部分，其目的是给贫困人口带来金融服务。



Modern microfinance started with Nobel Prize-winning economist 2 Muhammad Yunus in Bangladesh. In the nineteen seventies, he started small loan programs that would become the Grameen Bank. Currently, microcredit providers are in over one hundred countries.

诺贝尔奖得主，孟加拉国经济学家穆罕默德·尤努斯（Muhammad Yunus）开创了现代小额信贷。20世纪70年代，他启动了后来成为格莱珉银行的小额贷款项目。现在小额信贷机构遍布上百个国家。



Now, microfinance institutions are starting to offer other services, including savings plans.

目前，小额信贷机构开始推出其它服务，包括储蓄计划。



Recently, the non-profit group Small Enterprise Education and Promotion 3 held a conference in Washington. SEEP 4 works with over one hundred twenty groups around the world in efforts to cut poverty. It does this by supporting small businesses.

最近，非盈利性组织“小企业培训与推广”在华盛顿举行了一次会议。该组织与全球超过120家组织合作，通过支持小企业，致力于减少贫困。



The goal is help microfinance industry experts share ideas. One idea is called Financial Access at Birth, or FAB. It is designed to start each person with a financial citizenship 5 at birth through a savings account connected to a bank deposit.

这次会议的目的是帮助小额信贷行业的专家交流想法。其中一个想法被称为“婴儿金融渠道”，简称FAB。它旨在通过银行储蓄账户，为每个人从出生开始就建立金融身份。



Rosita Najmi is FAB's program director.

罗西塔·纳吉米（Rosita Najmi）是FAB项目总监。



ROSITA NAJMI: "FAB starts with financial inclusion, but it creates other opportunities of inclusion across other sectors 6 of health or education and I think that's what the international development community needs and seeks at this time."

纳吉米：“FAB从金融扩展计划起步。但它为教育或健康行业提供了其它扩展机会。我认为这正是国际社会发展当前的需求。”



Mobile or wireless 7 technology will be important to many microfinance services. One meeting at the SEEP conference examined a mobile phone application for saving money. Debbie Dean of the Grameen Foundation says these efforts can also be extended to other financial services.

移动和无线技术对许多小额信贷服务来说将非常重要。“小企业培训与推广”会议的一次会谈审查了一个储蓄手机应用程序。格莱珉基金会的黛比·迪安（Debbie Dean）表示，这些成果也可以推广到其它金融服务。



DEBBIE DEAN: "It's probably going to be a combination of savings programs and money transfer programs, payment systems that all kind of converge 8 together to be able to provide the customer with the most flexibility 9 and the most convenience to meet their needs."

迪安：“它可能会成为一个储蓄程序、转账程序，以及支付系统的结合体，各种服务衔接到一起能够为客户提供最大的灵活性和便利，以满足他们的需求。”



But offering savings, payments and other services requires more training and controls. Rashid Bajwa leads Pakistan’s largest microfinance organization. He says more training is needed.

但提供储蓄、支付和其它服务需要更多培训和监督。拉希德·巴吉瓦（Rashid Bajwa）负责巴基斯坦最大的小额信贷组织。他表示这需要更多的培训。



RASHID BAJWA: "When microfinance institutions start offering savings, then they have to be trained to do that. This is a specialization which needs specialized 10 people to adopt. You have to have a risk management system in place, you have to have an internal audit 11 system in place, you have to have a huge set of new things which you generally don't need when you are just doing microcredit."

巴吉瓦：“当小额信贷机构开始提供储蓄时，他们必须进行相关培训。这是一个需要专业人士的专业领域。风险管理体系必须到位，内部审计体系必须到位，还有一堆只做小额信贷时通常不需要的新东西。”



Small savings deposits add up. And interest over time makes them grow. This can have a surprising effect for savers and societies.

小额存款累积起来，而时间一长利息使存款增多。这对储户和社会将产生一个令人惊讶的效果。



Rashid Bajwa puts it this way. He says the amount of money that poor people have is unimaginable.

巴吉瓦对此这样解释。他说，穷人拥有的资金数额是难以想象的。



And that's the Economics Report in VOA Special English. And I'm Mario Ritter.

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Based on a Money in Motion report by Phil Alexiou