时间:2019-01-11 作者:英语课 分类:VOA慢速英语2008年(二)月


英语课

This is the VOA Special English Development Report.


The earliest process of making paper was done almost five thousand years ago in Egypt and the Nile Valley. In those days, paper was made from strips 1 of the papyrus 2 plant.


Modern paper-making began in China about two thousand years ago. This process produced paper from cloth, straw, wood or the bark of trees. The raw materials are struck over and over until they become loose. Then they are mixed with water.


After the water has been removed, the flat, thin form remaining is permitted to dry. This becomes a sheet of paper.


Large machines started to be used for making paper near the end of the sixteenth century. Today, paper-making is a big business. But it is still possible to make paper by hand, since the steps are the same as using big machines.


You should choose paper with small amounts of printing. Old envelopes are good for this reason. Colored paper also can be used, as well as small amounts of newspaper. Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added. These should be cut into pieces about five centimeters by five centimeters.


Everything is placed in a container, covered with water, and brought to a boil. It is mixed for about two hours with some common chemicals and then allowed to cool. Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp 3, can be stored until you are ready to make paper.


When you are ready, the pulp is mixed with water again. Then the pulp is poured into a special box or mold 4. The mold is made of small squares of wire that hold the shape and thickness of the paper. To help dry the paper, the mold lets the water flow through the small wire squares.


After several more drying steps, the paper is carefully lifted back from the mold. It is now strong enough to be touched.


The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a common electric iron used for pressing clothes.


There are many other technologies for people making paper using small machines.


You can order more information about making paper from EnterpriseWorks/VITA. The address of the group’s Web site is enterpriseworks.org.


And that’s the VOA Special English Development Report. Transcripts 5, MP3s and podcasts of our reports are at voaspecialenglish.com



n.古以纸草制成之纸
  • The Egyptians wrote on papyrus.埃及人书写用薄草纸。
  • Since papyrus dries up and crumble,very few documents of ancient Egypt have survived.因草片会干裂成粉末所以古埃及的文件很少保存下来。
n.果肉,纸浆;v.化成纸浆,除去...果肉,制成纸浆
  • The pulp of this watermelon is too spongy.这西瓜瓤儿太肉了。
  • The company manufactures pulp and paper products.这个公司制造纸浆和纸产品。
n.模子,模型,铸模;vt.造型,浇涛
  • Too often we try to mold our children into something they do not wish to be.我们常常试图把孩子塑造成他们自己不想成为的样子。
  • Try to compact the sand into the mold.设法把这沙土堆积到模子里。
n.抄本( transcript的名词复数 );转写本;文字本;副本
  • Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA. tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一样,都是染色体DNA的转录产物。 来自辞典例句
  • You can't take the transfer students'exam without your transcripts. 没有成绩证明书,你就不能参加转学考试。 来自辞典例句
标签: voa 慢速英语
学英语单词
-s
5'-Deoxyadenosyl-B12
acid fast red
Aegerita
albumin milk
almeida pilosa
amoralists
amphoteric ion-exchangeresin
anti-impact gear
batouti
blast furnace smelting
bunss
cabinetmaker
cauliflora
CD Video
Churumuco
COBOL transaction program
collapsible keel block
corecipients
dihydropyrimidinase
direct exporttrade
draw-
drip-drying
escrowing
esterifiable
Ethydan
ethyl cyanamide
filtered signal
fire bricks
flamdoodle
Florence crystals
foam solution
folded potential
forestry production statistics
fully arisen sea
general fixed assets group of accounts
genus Hamamelis
genus irenas
Grecian nose
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Guengant
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hcb
ill-humo(u)redly
in conjunction with
input/output stream control
inseminating catheter
insured risk
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Kentish fire
lande's g factor
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look-at-me signal
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metropolitan broadband network
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not the done thing
nuclei cochleares
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pastures newer pastures
Pelargonium limoneum
pen lid
penetration method
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powerful radio-frequency cable
pump for sludge tank
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Quinalspan
redalder
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regulating error
requirement for tax exemption
self-skill
shape straighten
shelf front
ST_including-and-excluding_covering-and-adding-layers
suele
taper-reamer
taste acuity
technico-
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throw up one's hat
transiliac
travel card
triatic
uncountry
variation in testing temperature
vibroplatform
Villaputzu
Virtual File Allocation Table
vision distance
well-illuminated
what are we waiting for
yester-morrows
z transform inverse