时间:2019-01-11 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2010年(三月)


英语课

What's billed as the biggest rollout of electric vehicle infrastructure 1 in the world is about to begin in the United States.


Urban planners are deciding where to locate more than 11,000 charging stations in 11 major cities. They want those stations up and running when the first mass-market electric cars from Nissan and General Motors go on sale at the end of this year.


Last year, the Department of Energy awarded $100 million to eTec, an electric transportation research and development firm, to build electric vehicle charging networks in five states. Now is when the rubber meets the road, or more precisely 2, construction begins.




Rendering 3 of fast-charging station for electric cars


"You know, there's a lot of excitement over this," says Rich Feldman, a regional manager for eTec. "This is going to result in oil savings 4. There's going to be jobs that come out of this project in terms of people installing the equipment. We're obviously launching a whole new industry here. There's going to be other spinoffs and economic opportunity."


Park, plug in and power up


Feldman is supervising the installation of more than 2,000 electric car chargers in the greater Seattle area in western Washington, and another 2,000 at homes and public places in four Oregon cities. They'll be near shopping centers, fast food restaurants and movie theaters, "the variety of places that people think about when they're able to park and leave the vehicle for an hour or two."


Feldman's infrastructure company has partnered with Nissan. The car maker 5 bought lots of ads during the Winter Olympics to promote its forthcoming all-electric model named the Leaf. Nissan is inviting 6 drivers to sign up on its website to be among the first to buy one.


Feldman says eTec hopes to convince a subset of Nissan Leaf buyers to participate in a study. It wants 900 drivers in each state to let researchers from the Idaho National Lab monitor their driving and charging behaviors. "In exchange, they get a free, home-based charging station," he explains. Lessons learned about consumer preferences on placement, features and payment options could guide the eventual 7 national rollout of charging infrastructure.


The Nissan Leaf and the plug-in Chevy Volt 8 are supposed to hit U.S. dealerships late this year. They're the first wave of mass production electric cars. Mark Perry, who directs product planning for Nissan North America, says new owners will have no trouble finding a power station. "So the concern, 'If I use this vehicle or purchase this vehicle, can I get charging?' that's going to be a very easy answer here."


The price of the fully 9 electric Nissan is being announced at the end of March. Then the company will start taking deposits from consumers, who likely will pay a substantial premium 10 over a comparable gasoline powered compact. The four-door, five-passenger Leaf has a range of about 160 kilometers.


Perry says that Nissan will sell and lease the car and battery as a package. "There had been a lot of conversation about separation of car shell and battery and different approaches," he said. "Nissan is still going to explore different business models in other parts of the world. But here in the U.S., definitely an entire transaction ─ car and battery ─ purchase or lease."


A world of business models for electrics


Other companies and countries are trying different business models to lure 11 consumers into electric cars. Denmark is one nation on the cutting edge. A California-based company called Better Place is working with Denmark's biggest utility to build the charging network there. It will offer battery swap 12-out stations, a feature not included initially 13 in the United States.


 


In Copenhagen, hotel owner Kirsten Br?chner gets behind the wheel of her leased Norwegian-made electric car.


"We are building these switch stations here in Denmark ─ a number of them ─ so that when people want to cross the country, then they can very easily," Utility CEO Anders Eldrup says. "If it works according to the plans ─ we hope it will ─ then you can, within three to four minutes, faster than you can put gasoline in your car, you can switch the battery for a brand new one, which is fully charged, and off you go."


When the system starts up next year, Danish electric vehicle drivers will pay a monthly subscription 14 to access the battery charging network. They could also pay by the mile.


But will consumers go for any of this? Vehicle researcher Valerie Karplus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology says the car market is big enough to support numerous niches 15. But she adds, "It's going to take consumers some time to sort out how they feel about going to a swap station, versus 16 a gas station, versus charging at home. At the same time, today's internal combustion 17 engine cars are going to get more and more efficient. You may not have to go the gas station all that often with one of those cars." She is looking forward to what she calls 'an interesting technology race'.


In Denmark, electric cars are exempt 18 from the world's highest car registration 19 tax. That's a big incentive 20, along with free parking on Copenhagen streets.


Washington State already exempts 21 fully electric cars from its sales tax, and Nissan executives recently paid a call on legislators to talk up additional incentives 22. Free parking came up, along with access to carpool lanes. In Oregon, electric car enthusiasts 23 want that state to increase the tax credit it offers to buyers of alternative fuel vehicles.


Similar conversations are happening in government offices in Europe, East Asia and U.S. state capitals. Many policymakers, as well as drivers, find the prospect 24 of a zero-emissions ride electrifying 25.

 



n.下部构造,下部组织,基础结构,基础设施
  • We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
  • We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设,发展各类群众文化。
adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地
  • It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
  • The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。
n.表现,描写
  • She gave a splendid rendering of Beethoven's piano sonata.她精彩地演奏了贝多芬的钢琴奏鸣曲。
  • His narrative is a super rendering of dialect speech and idiom.他的叙述是方言和土语最成功的运用。
n.存款,储蓄
  • I can't afford the vacation,for it would eat up my savings.我度不起假,那样会把我的积蓄用光的。
  • By this time he had used up all his savings.到这时,他的存款已全部用完。
n.制造者,制造商
  • He is a trouble maker,You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼,你不要跟他在一起。
  • A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。
adj.诱人的,引人注目的
  • An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
  • The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人,使人感到亲切温馨。
adj.最后的,结局的,最终的
  • Several schools face eventual closure.几所学校面临最终关闭。
  • Both parties expressed optimism about an eventual solution.双方对问题的最终解决都表示乐观。
n.伏特,伏
  • You may use 100 and 110 volt appliances in your room.您可以在房间使用100及110伏特的电器。
  • The common service voltage of electric power in our country is 220/380 volt.我国普通供电电压为220/380伏。
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
n.加付款;赠品;adj.高级的;售价高的
  • You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
  • Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后,清水便因稀而贵了。
n.吸引人的东西,诱惑物;vt.引诱,吸引
  • Life in big cities is a lure for many country boys.大城市的生活吸引着许多乡下小伙子。
  • He couldn't resist the lure of money.他不能抵制金钱的诱惑。
n.交换;vt.交换,用...作交易
  • I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。
  • This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。
adv.最初,开始
  • The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
  • Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
n.预订,预订费,亲笔签名,调配法,下标(处方)
  • We paid a subscription of 5 pounds yearly.我们按年度缴纳5英镑的订阅费。
  • Subscription selling bloomed splendidly.订阅销售量激增。
壁龛( niche的名词复数 ); 合适的位置[工作等]; (产品的)商机; 生态位(一个生物所占据的生境的最小单位)
  • Some larvae extend the galleries to form niches. 许多幼虫将坑道延伸扩大成壁龛。
  • In his view differences in adaptation are insufficient to create niches commensurate in number and kind. 按照他的观点,适应的差异不足以在数量上和种类上形成同量的小生境。
prep.以…为对手,对;与…相比之下
  • The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
  • The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。
n.燃烧;氧化;骚动
  • We might be tempted to think of combustion.我们也许会联想到氧化。
  • The smoke formed by their combustion is negligible.由它燃烧所生成的烟是可忽略的。
adj.免除的;v.使免除;n.免税者,被免除义务者
  • These goods are exempt from customs duties.这些货物免征关税。
  • He is exempt from punishment about this thing.关于此事对他已免于处分。
n.登记,注册,挂号
  • Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
  • What's your registration number?你挂的是几号?
n.刺激;动力;鼓励;诱因;动机
  • Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中,钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。
  • He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。
使免除[豁免]( exempt的第三人称单数 )
  • This privilege, however, exempts only predecisional documents. 然而,此特权只免除那些文件在作出决定之前的披露责任。
  • Function effectiveness: After then special-purpose, exempts the flushing formula. 功能效用:便后专用,免冲洗配方。
激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 ); 刺激; 诱因; 动机
  • tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
  • Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者,提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
n.热心人,热衷者( enthusiast的名词复数 )
  • A group of enthusiasts have undertaken the reconstruction of a steam locomotive. 一群火车迷已担负起重造蒸汽机车的任务。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Now a group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane restored. 一群热心人计划修复这架飞机。 来自新概念英语第二册
n.前景,前途;景色,视野
  • This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
  • The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。
v.使电气化( electrify的现在分词 );使兴奋
  • The dancers gave an electrifying performance. 舞蹈演员们的表演激动人心。
  • The national orchestra gave an electrifying performance of classic music. 国家交响乐团举行了一次古典音乐的震撼性演出。 来自辞典例句
学英语单词
access copy
achondroplasia of rib
acoustic Doppler current profiler
aerial metal
aerial root
animal rightist
armament training camp
basec bessemer converter
bell hydrogen resistance furnace
black bar
breechcloths
campanella
campestral animal
catamenogenic
certificate update
chickmagnet
Chinnur
claim statement
closing rate method
constant hanger
contended
coolness
copce
CRSF
decocted separately
dichloromaleic acid
dieker
dimension of a convex cell
duplicarius
electromagnetic angular momentum
elliss
embox
entypy
extenuable
exudation of liquid water
footslope
Frank, Anne
gallbladder heat stagnation
gas-filled pipe cable
gcep
given me some skin
heterotrophicalIy
higher organs
hugill
IGNS
instruction repertory
intrinsic
joe pass
juncunone
Karatayka
kijoranin
knowall
laser ranger and marked-target seeker
ligamenta navicularicuneiformia dorsalia
light fission fragments
local relay
lying in an oversea port
macginitie
make a purse
meganesia
memory scheduling
minijoystick
mobile training team
mya.
nitzschia hungarica
normal hottest 3-month period
official-lookings
one-stage small intestine transplantation
opia
overnewton
parthasarathy
peak hour flow
peak-to-peak ripple voltage
Pine Hill
prazepine
press-button switch
pusat
quasiessential
reactor coolant inlet nozzle
reversing thermometers
Rhododendron parmulatum
Rhododendron tingwuense
ring-type head
s-k
sand-crack
scouting aeroplane
set someone apart
shockstall
Sopley
spatia interossea metaearpi
straight-through current transformer
three roll piercer
tibia
timber basin
tonant
trace width
trigger circuit
unfoldure
vaster
wernig
wire mesh demister
wrap forming