2012年11月24日雅思阅读机经[A类]

考试日期：

2012年11月24日

Reading Passage 1

Title:

Russian Ballet

Question types:

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN; Table Completion

文章内容回顾

俄国芭蕾舞发展史

题型难度分析

第一篇的题型是非无判断题难度并不大，但是需要考生细心关注答案的写法，很多考生把TRUE/FALSE又写成YES/NO。第二题表格题为送分题，因此第一篇文章的难度不大。

题型技巧分析

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN OR YES/NO/NOT GIVEN

1. 答案写法：

若要求写TRUE, 却写成：T ( × ) true ( × ) True ( × ) YES ( × )

2. 题目在原文出现的位置：顺序原则

3. 考点：即题目中可能说错的部分

4. 定位词（排除考点）：

专有名词、术语、物质名词

时间、数字

归纳句子是关于哪方面信息的（即为定位词或短语）

5. 判断T/Y的情况：1） 同义、近义替换

2） 归纳总结

6. 判断F/N的情况：100%否认原文

7. 判断NG的情况：根据原文无法100%判断题目T/F（不可利用常识）

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑6 Test 3

Reading Passage 2

Title:

Aquaculture in New Zealand

Question types:

Summary Completion; Matching people with opinions; Multiple Choice

文章内容回顾

新西兰关于海洋新物种培育的影响

英文原文阅读

Aquaculture is the general term given to the cultivation 1 of any fresh or salt water plant or animal. It takes place in New Zealand in coastal 2 marine 3 areas (mariculture) and in inland tanks or enclosures.

Aquaculture in New Zealand currently (2008) occupies 14,188 ha. Of that area, 7,713 ha is in established growing areas and is owned by the aquaculture industry, 4,010 ha is used to enhance the wild scallop fishery and belongs to the Challenger Scallop Enhancement Company,[6] and 2,465 ha is an exposed site six kilometres offshore 4 from Napier where trials are being undertaken by a private company to test the site’s economic viability 5.

In 2005 the aquaculture industry provided direct employment for about 2,500 full time equivalents, mostly in the processing sector 6. A similar amount of indirect employment resulted from flow-on effects. The aquaculture industry is important for some coastal areas around New Zealand where there is limited employment. This applies particularly to some Māori communities with traditional links to coastal settlements.

Marine aquaculture, mariculture, occurs in the sea, generally in sheltered bays along the coast. In New Zealand, about 70 percent of marine aquaculture occurs in the top of the South Island. In the North Island, the Firth of Thames is productive.

Marine farmers usually look for sheltered and unpolluted waters rich in nutrients 7. Often these areas are also desirable for other purposes. In the late 1990s, demand for coastal aquaculture space upsurged, increasing fivefold.[18] Aquaculture consents developed haphazardly 8, with regional councils unsure about how marine farms might impact coastal environments. By 2001, some councils were inundated 9 with marine farm applications, and were operating with inadequate 10 guidelines for sustainably managing the coast.[19] As the Ministry 11 for the Environment put it: "Attempts to minimise local or cumulative 12 environmental effects resulted in bottlenecks 13, delays and high costs in processing applications for new marine farms, local moratoria, submitter fatigue 14 and poor environmental outcomes. Marine farmers, local communities, and the government wanted change."

In 2002, the government stopped issuing consents for more new marine farms while they reformed the legislation. The consents had operated under a system overseen 15 by both the Ministry of Fisheries and the regional councils. The reforms aimed to streamline 16 these applications for both freshwater and marine farms. Industry farmers objected to the moratorium 17, on the grounds that delaying expansion and diversification 18 could not be in the interest of the industry. Māori groups considered they were especially affected 19 since they were the main applicants 20 for coastal farms.

This took three years, and in early 2005, Parliament passed the Aquaculture Reform Act 2004, which introduced the new legislation. The act amends 21 five existing acts to cope with the new environmental demands, and creates two new acts, the Māori Commercial Aquaculture Claims Settlement Act 2004 and the Aquaculture Reform (Repeals and Transitional Provisions) Act 2004.[20] The legislation and administration of aquaculture in New Zealand is complex for such a small industry. A more comprehensive overview 22 can be found here.

Aquaculture is administered in New Zealand through labyrinth 23 bureaucracies, with consequent diluted 24 responsibilities. No single ministerial portfolio 25 or government agency is responsible. As an example, in 2007 the government released a strategy on aquaculture. This strategy was endorsed 26 by six government ministers with the following portfolios 27: fisheries, environment, conservation, local government, Māori affairs, industry and regional development. Further, there were five government departments directly involved in the preparation of the strategy. As another example, the access to marine and freshwater aquaculture sites are under the control of 17 regional local government agencies with yet more oversight 28 by various central government agencies.

Despite many further consultations 29 and incentives 30, no new aquaculture space was created under the new legislation for another four years. This coincided with a change in government at the end of 2008, which announced that the aquaculture reforms are to be overhauled 31.

题型难度分析

这篇文章的难度比第一篇的难度要高，出现了人名观点配对题，而配对题无序的特点增加了这篇文章的难度。

题型技巧分析

Detail Matching 细节配对题

分类： 人/物体/地点/时间&特点/描述/事件

人名→理论

段落→具体信息

特点：

1）A: 当题目为专有名词、术语或物质名词时，题目一般遵循顺序原则

B: 当题目不是专有名词、术语或物质名词，而选项是时，题目一般不遵循顺序原则

2）答案是否会重复使用？取决于NB

3）做题方法：

A: 当题目为专有名词、术语或物质名词时，根据题目在原文定位，理解原文对应内容并选出答案（着重考察对文章的理解）

B: 当题目不是专有名词、术语或物质名词，而选项是时，在文章中把选项中所有的专有名词、术语或物质名词划出，然后在题目中划定位词在文章中定位。

注意：结构阅读法的运用

若某1、2题做不出来，可先做后面题目，然后再返回来做。

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑4 Test 2

剑7 Test 4

Reading Passage 3

Title:

Talent

Question types:

Heading; Short-answer Questions; TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN

文章内容回顾

讲公司考核员工主要的依据，talents, 文章批判了传统的观点（才能是与生俱来的，是不变的，是需要公司去发现的）。文章先用一段肯定了有才能的人的存在，然后分段讲到，才能是随时间变化的，是不能被精确度量的，是可以凭努力换来的。

题型难度分析

标题配对题的出现使得本篇文章难度最高，虽然有简答题这种送分题，但很多考生依然最后一篇没有做完。

题型技巧分析

Heading 标题配对题

1. 题目位置（文章前）

2. 答案可以/不可以重复使用？

3. 捷径 A: 仅读每段的第1、2句，准确率20%-100%

B: 在heading 选项中划定位词在文章段落中定位，准确率60%-100%

4. 方法: 无词阅读法

只见森林不见树木

About what/whom

e.g.: Water is the giver and taker of life. It covers most of the surface of the planet on which we live and features large in the development of human race.

做题步骤: 1). 读懂段落的第一、二句

2). 略读其他句子，理清句子之间的逻辑关系

A: 其他句子解释说明第一、二句

Heading根据第1、2句归纳

B: 出现转折词或相应表达，把思路逆转

Heading根据转折后的内容归纳

C: 附加新的信息

找信息之间的共同点

D: 最后一句总结前文

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑8 Test 3

考试趋势分析和备考指导：

本次雅思阅读考试中“人见人烦”的配对题出现的量不是很多，而是非无判断题的量较多。接下来的雅思阅读考试中将会继续“判断题和细节配对题依然保持主流题型，而送分题也会不断出现”这一特点。

应对策略：考生要特别注意每一种题型的复习，尤其要重视主流题型的复习，另外送分题型也要注意其考试特点。同时，题型技巧只是一个方面，技巧只能“锦上添花”，而无法“雪中送炭”，因此更重要的是考生们自己语言实力的提高。