阅读长难句分析技巧
时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:英语学习方法
英语课
在切入正题之前,大家可以先看下面一道题目:
1×2×3×4×5×6×7×8×9×0×11×12=?我可以肯定有部分人能很快得出答案,而另一部分人则要算比较长的时间,问题在哪呢?我想就在与你是否有整体意识,看到一道题目之前先不要急于去算,应先从整体上看一下题目有无规律可循。
如果把这个原理应用在阅读中就是准确快速得提取出句子的主干,这样不仅能加快阅读速度,而且能够准确的理解句子的意思.
举例:Under a system deployed 1 on the WhiteHouse Web site for the first time last time,those who want to send a message to PresidentBush must now navigate 2 as many as nine Web pages and fill out a detailed 3 form that starts by asking whether the message sender supports WhiteHouse policy or differs with it.
分析技巧如下:在长难句中象以介词短语开头的这部分可以先不理会,重要的是找出句子主的干,在这句话中可以提取主干为:Those people must now navigate nine Web pages and fill out a detailed form.主干意思都能很容易理解,然后再把细节(比如定语)添加上。如果你看到这个句子后一个词接一个词的翻译,会大大影响理解的速度,可能会出现读了很长时间但还是弄不清楚这个句子到底说的什么情况。另外象长句子中常见的诸如过去分词形式的词比如deployed,detailed,这2个词虽然形式一样但是在句中的功能却截然不同,deployed是过去分词做后置定语修饰system,而第二个detailed却是起着形容词的作用,即过去分词形式的形容词修饰form。我经过阅读大量的文章发现,象这种形式的词在句子中一般就这2种作用:一是过去分词前无谓语动词,过去分词直接跟在名词后面,这种词起后置定语作用,二是过去分词位于名词之前,这种情况下就起着形容词的作用。所以以后在碰到这样的词不用发愁不知道它在句子中到底有什么用,只要按上面2种思路考虑,一般都能准确地判断出词在句子中的意思。
句子大意:因为上周白宫网站首次设置了一个网上系统,那些想发信息给总统的人们必须浏览多达至九个网页的内容,还要填一份详细的表格,而这个表格的第一个问题就是信息发送者的白宫的政策是支持还是反对。
再看下面一个例子:DNA 4 analysis has been so successfully applied 5 in criminal investigations 6 that the media coverage 7 has left the public a strong perception that DNA analysis is infallible.在理解这个句子时一定要抓住句子的核心so that句型,在这个句子中它引导结果状语从句,在口语中这个that可以省略。第二个that则是引导名词性从句。
句子大意:DNA鉴定这种技术在犯罪调查中已经得到如此成功的运用,以至于媒体对它的报道使公众深信DNA鉴定是绝对可靠的。
另外留2个题目供大家参考练习(要求在最短的时间内找出句子的主干):
1. Any company larger than 300 workers that fails to meet the minimum hiring standard must pay a penalty of 50000 Yen 8 for each of the unfilled positions.
2. Many of life’s problems which were solved by asking family members,friends or colleagues are beyond the capability 9 of the extended family to resolve.
3. The period characterized by so vast a body of elaborately representational art produced for the sake of illustrating 10 anecdote 11 also produced a number of painters who examined the mechanism 12 of lght and visual perception.
(尤指军事行动)使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 ); 施展; 部署; 有效地利用
- Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
- The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。
v.航行,飞行;导航,领航
- He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。
- Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。
adj.详细的,详尽的,极注意细节的,完全的
- He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
- A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
- DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
- Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
- She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
- This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
(正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
- His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
- He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
- There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
- This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
n. 日元;热望
- He wanted to convert his dollars into Japanese yen.他想将美元换成日币。
- He has a yen to be alone in a boat.他渴望独自呆在一条船上。
n.能力;才能;(pl)可发展的能力或特性等
- She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
- Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。
给…加插图( illustrate的现在分词 ); 说明; 表明; (用示例、图画等)说明
- He upstaged the other speakers by illustrating his talk with slides. 他演讲中配上幻灯片,比其他演讲人更吸引听众。
- Material illustrating detailed structure of graptolites has been etched from limestone by means of hydrofluoric acid. 表明笔石详细构造的物质是利用氢氟酸从石灰岩中侵蚀出来。
n.轶事,趣闻,短故事
- He departed from the text to tell an anecdote.他偏离课文讲起了一则轶事。
- It had never been more than a family anecdote.那不过是个家庭趣谈罢了。
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