时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:英语学习方法


英语课
与汉语类似,同样的意思在英语中也可有多种表达方式,而不同表达方式之间的差别往往在于语气和情感,语气和情感的选择又取决于具体的环境,所以英语翻译一定要考虑具体的场合与对象,考虑被提示对象的阅读心理与情感,意思正确只是翻译的第一步。下面我们以提示语为例进行说明。
在中国的公共场所,我们随处都可以看到“禁止入内”、“禁止踏草坪”以及“违者罚款”等字眼。“禁止”翻译成英语就是“Don't”,在英文中,“Don't”口气比较生硬,缺乏委婉之意。如“Don't pick the flowers”(禁止摘花),“Don't throw something out of the train”(禁止往车窗外扔东西),“Don't tread 1 on the lawn”(禁止践踏草坪),“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)等,这些句子无论是在语法上还是意思上都非常正确,但并不建议大家这么翻译。因为“Don't”使这些句子语气显得太重,易使人产生距离感。
公共场合应该营造的是一种快乐随意的气氛,让大家身心愉快。一定程度的善意提醒是必要的,但是应该尽力避免生硬。而且英语是一种比较强调委婉的语言,一般不会在公园这样的地方使用Don't这样生硬的词。如“禁止摘花”可译做“Keep away from the flowers , please .”或者“Take care of the flowers, please.”同样表达一个意思,但这两句让人看了很舒服,一种爱花的心情油然“牌”上,与竖牌人的初衷一致。尤其“take care of”短语本身带有拟人色彩,将花看成是一个baby,提醒人们像爱护和关心baby一样去爱护花木。如此,树立这个牌子的目的便达到了。再比如,“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)这种牌子也经常看到,我们完全可以将它译为“Quiet , please.”既简练,又标准。因此公共场合不用“Don't”照样能够达到如期的效果。
此外有些公共场所的提示语在英语中往往有其固定的用法,如“No spitting”(禁止吐痰),“No smoking”(禁止吸烟)等等,需要提醒一点的是,No与Don't不一样,前者更多地被用在中性语境中。我们见到“不许动”,脑海中立即闪现“Don't move”, 而事实上外国警察所说的却是“Freeze”,或者“Hold it”。见到“动我就打死你”自然想到“If you move, I'll shoot you.”,而外国警察常说的却是“Move and you are dead, man.”所以,我们应该掌握外国人在类似情况下的表达习惯,而不是按照自己的思维和表达方式进行翻译,虽然有时词可达意,但毕竟不够地道。

vi.踩;行走;vt.踩烂(出);n.胎面,脚步声
  • A policeman walked by with a slow,measured tread.一名警察迈着小心的步子慢慢走过。
  • We heard father's tread on the steps.我们听到台阶上父亲的脚步声。
标签: 翻译
学英语单词
adopt-a-book program
affine evolute
airflares
Andoma
aperturismo
arrange with sb about sth
audio buffer
aughrim (aghrim)
bakery
bangy
bismuth beta-naphtholate
bitter-cold
bowstar
brodeur
carbamylcholine chloride
carky
chambered swim bladder
Chinese lantern
circlers
clonidin
closing high
clotrimazok
Corispermum macrocarpum
dedramatizing
demand basis toll switching system
dimensional inspection report
dismantle
distant flash
draught excluder strip
Drude law
editor print-punch
elementary tarining
equianharmonic
equipment cooling
exhaust flap
fabritius
fassnacht
flat strips
function object table
GA3
Gasserian ganglion
genus Trichomanes
gun lathe
half-and-half dressings
half-duplex current
hammer something into somebody
in fine fettle
initial floodplain
instrument bay
jiggambobs
joint bank account
Laguna District
lattrell
leftosphere
load record
lomnicky
lowering of water table
lunar tide
lutidinium tungstophosphate (LWP)
machine-displayable text
murray loop test
myovarsyl
New Madrid County
non-trivial line bundle
not helpful
nut of propeller shaft
obvolute
odd couple
olive brown
orange-seed oil
outplotted
pipe line list
pirate bug
plexus pulmonalis posterior
point of vertical intersection
production report
pulsed intensity
pulverization(PVZ)
radiophysicss
recoil-wave
russula amoena
Santo Antônio do Jardim
saturation time constant
scutellar
selfinhibition
shami
ship-to number
skiles
skullcup
Stoddart
strain oneself
swabstick
swarthout
transmembrane gradient of hydrogen ion
Trisetum scitulum
tristichopterids
tumbled
unsanctuary
W.C.T.U.
Warscheneck
white market
wiener dogs