时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:英语学习方法


英语课
与汉语类似,同样的意思在英语中也可有多种表达方式,而不同表达方式之间的差别往往在于语气和情感,语气和情感的选择又取决于具体的环境,所以英语翻译一定要考虑具体的场合与对象,考虑被提示对象的阅读心理与情感,意思正确只是翻译的第一步。下面我们以提示语为例进行说明。
在中国的公共场所,我们随处都可以看到“禁止入内”、“禁止踏草坪”以及“违者罚款”等字眼。“禁止”翻译成英语就是“Don't”,在英文中,“Don't”口气比较生硬,缺乏委婉之意。如“Don't pick the flowers”(禁止摘花),“Don't throw something out of the train”(禁止往车窗外扔东西),“Don't tread 1 on the lawn”(禁止践踏草坪),“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)等,这些句子无论是在语法上还是意思上都非常正确,但并不建议大家这么翻译。因为“Don't”使这些句子语气显得太重,易使人产生距离感。
公共场合应该营造的是一种快乐随意的气氛,让大家身心愉快。一定程度的善意提醒是必要的,但是应该尽力避免生硬。而且英语是一种比较强调委婉的语言,一般不会在公园这样的地方使用Don't这样生硬的词。如“禁止摘花”可译做“Keep away from the flowers , please .”或者“Take care of the flowers, please.”同样表达一个意思,但这两句让人看了很舒服,一种爱花的心情油然“牌”上,与竖牌人的初衷一致。尤其“take care of”短语本身带有拟人色彩,将花看成是一个baby,提醒人们像爱护和关心baby一样去爱护花木。如此,树立这个牌子的目的便达到了。再比如,“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)这种牌子也经常看到,我们完全可以将它译为“Quiet , please.”既简练,又标准。因此公共场合不用“Don't”照样能够达到如期的效果。
此外有些公共场所的提示语在英语中往往有其固定的用法,如“No spitting”(禁止吐痰),“No smoking”(禁止吸烟)等等,需要提醒一点的是,No与Don't不一样,前者更多地被用在中性语境中。我们见到“不许动”,脑海中立即闪现“Don't move”, 而事实上外国警察所说的却是“Freeze”,或者“Hold it”。见到“动我就打死你”自然想到“If you move, I'll shoot you.”,而外国警察常说的却是“Move and you are dead, man.”所以,我们应该掌握外国人在类似情况下的表达习惯,而不是按照自己的思维和表达方式进行翻译,虽然有时词可达意,但毕竟不够地道。

vi.踩;行走;vt.踩烂(出);n.胎面,脚步声
  • A policeman walked by with a slow,measured tread.一名警察迈着小心的步子慢慢走过。
  • We heard father's tread on the steps.我们听到台阶上父亲的脚步声。
标签: 翻译
学英语单词
a fine figure of a woman
adf allocation
anselmo
antirusting agent
atrio-ventricular valve
Barahāt
baseplate hoisting device
blew their brains out
brake system
breezes into
cable chain
cable end connector
caseinogens
cold printing
collateral radial artery
commixation
compound compact
comprehensive preventive health measures
critical flashover voltage
crop planting machine
cyclohexane-hexol
de airing mixer
deberry
diam
doublet throw
E and M lead signaling
efferent flow
epitope mapping
epoxies
exciter or d-c generator relay
fare ticket type
feather pulling
fire -detecting alarm
fireweeds
first-in
fissions
forthleads
forward stroke of the piston
funguria
Gamibetal
geisteswissenschafts
generalized data manipulation
gracilicaulis
heat sensitive eye
high-tension transmission line
hilbun
hotcold
IL system
ion machining
island-hopping ship
jesmine
Kurosiwo
lateral view
lighted range
Ljubljana
locard
machinimist
macropenis
man of clouts
Mayo,William Worrall
mitigatest
net domestic output
non-tuberculous Mycobacterium
number of bit
obstruction of pylorus
obtain satisfaction of recognition of a claim
oven block
peak current
plugging-up
rabiz
rancors
reaffiliated
regionally recurrent
relationship-building
replicate
rhinosphenoid
rushout
screened wiring
screwbot
shaded into
single insulator holder
solution concentration
special funds
spidas
staphylococcus epidermis
steel bar shears
subconducting
submarine restricted area
Tenos
theory of species specificity
timber float
Timoshenko beam
top boom
touched in the head
Triparen
tuberculolytic
ungluttonous
uridine diphosphate reductase
volutate
westerly zone
work load
ziporyn