Loop Length Typically, loop length is a complete electrical circuit; the pair of wires that winds its way from the central office to the telephone set or system at the customer's premises. Loop Signal

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P-MAC packet media access controller PAD packet assembler-disassembler PCB printed circuit board PDS premises distribution system Personal Communications Personal communications provides at least one

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OAM operation administration maintenance OCC other common carriers Ohms Restriction Ohms Restriction is the same as Ohms resistance. Ohms are measures of resistance. A resistance of one Ohm allows one

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NOC network operations center NOS network operating system NPA numbering plan area NSEP National Security Emergency Preparedness NTSC National Television System Committee NT network termination NAP -

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NBEC non-Bell exchange carrier NCP network control point NCTE network channel terminating equipment Network Control Point (NCP) In virtual private networks, the Network Contol Point is a centralized d

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Multimode Optical Fiber(S) Multimode fibers, with much wider cores than single mode fibers, allow light to enter at various angles, and reflect (bounce off of) core-clad boundaries as electromagnetic

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Microwave In telecommunications, microwaves are frequencies above 1 GHz. MIPS million instructions per second Modems (MOdulator/DEModulators) Modems are devices that transform digital signals generate

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MAAP maintenance administration panels MACSTAR multiple access customer station rearrangement MAC media access control or moves, adds, and changes Main Cross-Connects In a premises distribution system

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Key Telephone System (KTS) KTS is an arrangement of multi-line telephones and associated equipment that permits the station user to depress buttons (keys) to access different central office or PBX lin

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ISO International Organization for Standardization ITC independent telephone company ITU International Telecommunications Union IVR integrated voice response ILEC - Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier. T

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International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ISO is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO National Bodies). The work of preparing international standards is normally carried

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I-MAC isonchronous media access controller IDN integrated digital network IEC International Electrotechnical Commission Impairments Impairments is the (e.g., transmission channel and signal impairment

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Half Duplex Half duplex is a transmission path capable of transmitting signals in both directions, but only in one direction at a time. HDLC high-level data link control Header The header is control i

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LAN (IEEE 802.3 10BaseT) LAN (Local Area Network) is an Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers specification for a class of LANs using four-pair unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable. See Loca

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Secure Internet Protocols - A set of security rules or standards that determines how computers talk to each other on a network. Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) - See Dialup Service Shell Access -

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128-bit Encryption - The latest Internet security standard for e-commerce and financial transactions, 128-bit encryption scrambles any data you send to a secure Web site (like TDS ePay) so that no one

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WAN wide area network WARC World Administrative Radio Consortium WATS Wide-area telecommunications services. See Wide-area telecommunications services. Waveform amplitude (magnitude) versus time repre

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VAD value-added distributor VAN value-added network VAR value-added reseller VBR variable bit rate VCI virtual circuit identifier VCS virtual circuit switch Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) VSATs a

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UIS Universal Information Services UNE Unbundled Network Elements (also known as UNE) are a requirement mandated by the Telecommunications Act of 1996. They are the parts of the network that the ILECs

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