《英语流行话题阅读:语境识词4500》40 Customs of Halloween
时间:2018-12-30 作者:英语课 分类:英语流行话题阅读:语境识词4500
Unit 40
Customs of Halloween
Halloween is an annual celebration. How did this peculiar 1 custom originate?
The word "Halloween" comes from All Hallows Eve. November 1, "All Hallows Day" (or "All Saints Day"), is a Catholic day of observance in honor of saints.
It was believed that during the period from Oct. 31 through to Nov. 1, the boundaries between our world and the world of the dead were weakened, allowing spirits of the recently dead to cross over and hunt the living. In order to make themselves and their homes less appealing to these spirits, the ancient Celts put out fire in their homes to make them cold and undesirable 2, and built huge scared bonfires, where the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices to Gods. During the celebration, the Celts wore costumes, typically consisting of animal heads and skins, and attempted to tell each other's fortune. When the celebration was over, they relit their hearth 4 fires from the sacred bonfires to help protect them during the coming winter. They also dressed up in odd costumes and parade through their villages to scare off any recently departed souls who might be searching for bodies to inhabit.
How did the custom of "trick-or-treat" come into being? On Nov. 2, early Christians 5 would walk from village to village begging for "soul cakes", made out of square pieces of bread with currants. The more soul cakes the beggars received, the more prayers they would promise to say on behalf of the dead relatives of the donors 6. The prayers, it was believed, could accelerate a soul's passage to heaven. The practice, once referred to as "going-a-souling" was eventually taken up by children who would visit the houses in their neighborhood and be given apples, buns or money. During the Pioneer days of the American West, the housewives would give the children candy to keep from being tricked. The children would shout "Trick or Treat!"
The Jack 7-o'-lantern custom comes from Irish folklore 8. Jack, a notorious drunkard, tricked Satan into climbing a tree. Jack then carved an image of a cross in the tree trunk, trapping the devil up the tree. Jack made a deal with the devil that, if he would never tempt 3 him with alcohol again, he would let him down the tree. After Jack died, he was denied entrance to Hell because he had tricked the devil. Instead, the devil gave him a hollowed-out turnips 9, with an ember inside, to light his way through the darkness. Originally, the Irish used turnips as their "Jack's lanterns". But when immigrants came to America, they found pumpkins 11 were far more plentiful 12 and easier to carve out than turnips. So the jack-o'-lantern in America was a hollowed-out pumpkin 10, lit with an ember.
- He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
- He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。
- They are the undesirable elements among the employees.他们是雇员中的不良分子。
- Certain chemicals can induce undesirable changes in the nervous system.有些化学物质能在神经系统中引起不良变化。
- Nothing could tempt him to such a course of action.什么都不能诱使他去那样做。
- The fact that she had become wealthy did not tempt her to alter her frugal way of life.她有钱了,可这丝毫没能让她改变节俭的生活习惯。
- She came and sat in a chair before the hearth.她走过来,在炉子前面的椅子上坐下。
- She comes to the hearth,and switches on the electric light there.她走到壁炉那里,打开电灯。
- Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
- His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。
- Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去,请给我们发电子邮件。
- About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
- He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
- Zhuge Liang is a synonym for wisdom in folklore.诸葛亮在民间传说中成了智慧的代名词。
- In Chinese folklore the bat is an emblem of good fortune.在中国的民间传说中蝙蝠是好运的象征。
- Well, I like turnips, tomatoes, eggplants, cauliflowers, onions and carrots. 噢,我喜欢大萝卜、西红柿、茄子、菜花、洋葱和胡萝卜。 来自魔法英语-口语突破(高中)
- This is turnip soup, made from real turnips. 这是大头菜汤,用真正的大头菜做的。
- They ate turkey and pumpkin pie.他们吃了火鸡和南瓜馅饼。
- It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin!看起来就像南瓜里有人在看着你!
- I like white gourds, but not pumpkins. 我喜欢吃冬瓜,但不喜欢吃南瓜。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put lights inside. 然后在南瓜上刻出一张脸,并把瓜挖空。 来自英语晨读30分(高三)