【一起听英语】彭斯之夜

彭斯之夜（元月25日，苏格兰人民纪念苏格兰诗人罗伯特—彭斯诞辰的节日）

Dan: Hello and welcome to this week's 6 minute English. I’m Dan Walker Smith

and today I’m joined by Kate.

Kate: Hi Dan.

Dan: Now Kate, you're from Scotland. Does that mean you'll be celebrating Burns

Night this week?

Kate: Well as a matter of fact I will be. I'll be going to a friend's house where we're

going to be eating some haggis, drinking some whisky and reciting some

Scottish poetry.

Dan: OK, well to explain, Burns Night is the annual celebration of the Scottish poet

Robert Burns, who was born just over 250 years ago. Each year on Burns

birthday, the 25th January, Scottish people across the world gather for a

traditional Scottish meal with poetry and sometimes dancing.

Kate: In fact, although it’s a particularly Scottish event, it is celebrated 1 by people of

Scottish ancestry 2 all over the world. These are people whose family originally

came from Scotland, but who now live in other countries, such as Australia or

Canada.

Dan: So Kate, this week's question for you is:

How many people worldwide claim Scotland as their ancestral home? Is it:

a) 5 to 10 million 

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b) 10 to 20 million

c) 30 to 40 million

Kate: Well I have to say I have absolutely no idea. But I reckon the numbers are

going to be quite high, so I'm going to go for c, 30 to 40 million.

Dan: OK, we'll see if you're right at the end of the programme.

Kate: Well, Robert Burns is one of the most recognised figures in Scottish literature,

even appearing on some Scottish money and stamps. So now we're going to

hear from a director from Scotland's tourist board summing up Burns'

influence on Scotland. She mentions that he's an iconic person. Can you

explain what she means by this Dan?

Dan: Well an icon 3 is a symbol that represents a cultural group, so in this context

iconic means that Burns has become a symbol of Scotland.

Let's have a listen. How does she describe Burns' influence on the perception

of Scotland?

Extract 1

He's obviously an iconic figure. He's recognised across the world, and he's part of what

we think visitors think of when we say 'well what does Scotland mean to you?' So he's an

absolutely essential part of the 'what is Scotland, the brand?'

Kate: Well, brand usually means a company’s or business’s image, so here she’s

saying that Robert Burns has become an essential part of Scotland’s image

overseas. And you can certainly see this if you ever go to Scotland; there are

pictures of Burns just about everywhere. 

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Dan: And Burns Night, of course, has become an important tradition for Scottish

communities across the world, and there are certain ceremonies associated with

the meal.

Here’s Scottish comedian 4 Fred MacAulay talking about the origins of Burns

Night. He mentions drinking a toast. This means to raise your glass and drink

in honour to someone.

Kate: And a dram is a Scottish word meaning a small drink, usually of whisky or

another strong spirit. So have a listen to the next extract. Can you tell me when

the first Burns Supper was held?

Extract 2

One event which is exported internationally and which undoubtedly 5 contributes to our

economy is the aforementioned Burns Supper, the first of which was held in 1801 on the

fifth anniversary of Burns' death. A toast was made to the memory of Burns, which was

followed by a dram, followed by more toasts, and more drams, and more drams, and the

traditions of Burns Suppers began.

Kate: Well lots of drinking going on there. So the custom of Burns Supper is over

200 years old, and is a vital part of Scottish tradition.

Dan: As well as toasts and drams, another central part of the Burns Supper is the

haggis, the traditional Scottish dish made from sheep intestines 6, spices and

oats.

Kate: Now that may not sound terribly appetising to people around the world, but

believe me, it's a real Scottish delicacy 7. So here’s Edinburgh haggis maker 8

James McSween guiding us through the process of making a Burns Night

haggis. Have a listen; how long does it take to cook the haggis?

Extract 3 

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This is the first cook area. This is where we take the raw lamb lungs and the raw beef fat

and we cook them in these boilers 9, and then they get lifted into the mixer-grinder. We

add the seasoning 10, the oatmeal, and the gravy 11, which we then fill into the casing. And

then they go through the cooker, which then steams them for about an hour. And then

they come out warm-reekin', rich.

Kate: So he said that once the haggises have cooked for an hour, they come out

‘warm-reekin', rich’, which is a quote from Burns' poem 'Ode to a Haggis',

written in the local Scots dialect. It means that the haggis is warm, steaming

and rich – just the thing for a cold January night.

Dan: You also heard the words seasoning, oatmeal, and gravy. Seasoning is the

term for flavourings such as herbs, spices, salt and pepper.

Kate: And oatmeal is ground oats, the same ingredient used to make the Scottish

breakfast, porridge.

Dan: And gravy is a thick sauce made from meat stock and vegetables.

OK we’re almost out of time, so let’s go over some of the vocabulary we’ve

come across today:

icon and iconic

 brand

 toast

 a dram

 haggis

seasoning

oatmeal

gravy 

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Dan: And there’s just time for today's question. I asked you Kate how many people

worldwide claim Scotland as their ancestral home? Is it:

a) 5 to 10 million

b) 10 to 20 million

c) 30 to 40 million

Kate: And I said c, 30 to 40 million.

Dan: And you're spot on; that's exactly right. There are 30 to 40 million who claim

Scotland as their ancestral home, so plenty of people I imagine who'll be

enjoying a Burns Supper this week.

Kate: Absolutely. It's incredible to think how many Scottish people there are around

the world. But they're all very proud of their ancestry, I'm sure, and will be

eating lots of haggis.

Dan: So from all of us here at BBC Learning English, thank you so much indeed for

listening, have a very Happy Burns Night, and goodbye!

Kate: Goodbye!