时间:2018-12-27 作者:英语课 分类:一起听英语


英语课

大英博物馆陈列出了100件展品,通过这100件展品,我们可以探索人类历史的秘密。


Dan: Hello and welcome to this week's 6 Minute English. I'm Dan and today I'm


joined by Kate.


Kate: Hi Dan.


Dan: Hi Kate. Now in today's programme we’re talking about a new exhibition at


the British Museum in London, which is attempting to define the whole of


human history through 100 objects.


Kate: Yes, well from stone-age tools to the modern credit card, the museum says


certain key objects can demonstrate man's development up until the present


day – in particular our important advances in art, technology, religion, warfare 1


and trade.


Dan: So Kate, this week's question for you is: How many objects are there in the


whole of the British Museum collection? Is it:


a) 8 million


b) 11 million


c) 13 million


Kate: That's a hard one. I've got absolutely no idea. But I'm going to go for c, the


largest number: 13 million.


Dan: Well, we'll see if you're right at the end of the programme. 


6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2010


Page 2 of 5


Kate: Now the museum has spent four years organising the exhibition. So Dan how


did they choose the final 100 objects that are being put on display?


Dan: Well, the museum's director, Neil MacGregor, says that they've chosen the


objects that give us an idea of how different cultures have interacted; that is,


how they worked together or formed relationships.


Kate: So let's have a listen to the first extract as he explains how scientific


developments have changed the significance of certain objects. How does he


describe the effect that scientific discoveries have had on our understanding?


Extract 1


Most of us, I think, if we come back to a museum that we visited as a child, have the


sense that we've changed enormously, while the things have remained serenely 2 the same.


But of course they haven't. Thanks to constant research into new scientific techniques,


what we can know about them is constantly growing.


Kate: OK, well he says that what we know about the objects is constantly growing.


The word constant here means continuous or frequent. So to say that what we


know is constantly growing means that it is always expanding or getting


bigger in size.


Dan: He also said that we might think things remain serenely the same. Serene 3


means calm, tranquil 4 or steady. So here he means we think things have steadily 5


remained the same.


The impact of science on our understanding of historical objects is


demonstrated in one of the first pieces in the collection, an ancient Egyptian


mummy – the preserved body of ancient Egyptian priest, which has been


wrapped in linen 6 in preparation for the afterlife. 


6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2010


Page 3 of 5


Kate: In the next clip we're going to hear from a specialist from the museum's ancient


Egypt and Sudan department as he explains how new analysis of mummies can


provide information on trade in the ancient world, and show that cultures


interacted far more than we originally thought.


Dan: He uses the word mummification, which means the process of preserving the


bodies as mummies, by wrapping them in strips of material. And also the term


chemical composition. What does he mean by that Kate?


Kate: Well, the chemical composition is the basic make-up of chemicals in a


particular object. Let's have a listen; how do the mummies help us to


understand trading in the ancient world?


Extract 2:


We can also look at substances used in mummification; we can test them; we can look at


the chemical composition of them; find out what materials were being used; maybe now


we can look at where they were coming from. We can compare these chemical make-ups


with substances found in different parts of the Mediterranean 7, and begin to reconstruct


the trading networks that supplied these things to Egypt.


Dan: So an object that we thought was uniquely Egyptian – a mummy – can give us


information about interaction across the ancient world by analysing what


materials are being used and where they've come from. What these objects


show is that we share more history than we originally thought.


Kate: We also heard the words reconstruct and network. To reconstruct something


means to rebuild it or recreate it.


Dan: And a network means a system of connections and contacts, in this context,


trading contacts in the ancient world. 


6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2010


Page 4 of 5


Kate: So as our knowledge of the world gets better, we are gaining a deeper


understanding of how cultures have worked together to get to where we are


today.


Dan: The Egyptian writer Ahdaf Soueif describes the history of the world as a 'joint 8


project'. Which area of history does she say she'd focus on to help people


understand their relationship with each other?


Extract three:


If I could decree a universal education programme I would make every child in the


world learn a brief history of the entire world that focussed on the common ground. It


would examine how people perceive their relationship to each other, to the planet, and to


the universe.


Dan: She said she'd focus on the common ground of history. Common ground


usually means an area of shared understanding. So by examining the common


ground of cultures and history, people could gain a wider understanding of the


history of the world.


Kate: Oh it's all fascinating stuff, but we’re almost out of time unfortunately, so let’s


go over some of the vocabulary we’ve come across today:


interact


constant


serenely


mummy


mummification


reconstruct


network


common ground 


6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2010


Page 5 of 5


Dan: And let's go back to today's question. I asked you Kate how many objects there


are in the whole of the British Museum collection? Is it:


d) 8 million


e) 11 million


f) 13 million


Kate: And I took a wild guess at c, 13 million.


Dan: And again you'd be exactly right. Thirteen million objects in the whole of the


British Museum.


Kate: Oh, you'll have to start making your questions a bit harder Dan.


Dan: Well, we'll see about that.


So from all of us here at BBC Learning English, thanks very much for


listening, and goodbye!


Kate: Goodbye! 



1 warfare
n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突
  • He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。
  • Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。
2 serenely
adv.安详地,宁静地,平静地
  • The boat sailed serenely on towards the horizon.小船平稳地向着天水交接处驶去。
  • It was a serenely beautiful night.那是一个宁静美丽的夜晚。
3 serene
adj. 安详的,宁静的,平静的
  • He has entered the serene autumn of his life.他已进入了美好的中年时期。
  • He didn't speak much,he just smiled with that serene smile of his.他话不多,只是脸上露出他招牌式的淡定的微笑。
4 tranquil
adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的
  • The boy disturbed the tranquil surface of the pond with a stick. 那男孩用棍子打破了平静的池面。
  • The tranquil beauty of the village scenery is unique. 这乡村景色的宁静是绝无仅有的。
5 steadily
adv.稳定地;不变地;持续地
  • The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
  • Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。
6 linen
n.亚麻布,亚麻线,亚麻制品;adj.亚麻布制的,亚麻的
  • The worker is starching the linen.这名工人正在给亚麻布上浆。
  • Fine linen and cotton fabrics were known as well as wool.精细的亚麻织品和棉织品像羊毛一样闻名遐迩。
7 Mediterranean
adj.地中海的;地中海沿岸的
  • The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
  • Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
8 joint
adj.联合的,共同的;n.关节,接合处;v.连接,贴合
  • I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤,肩膀脫臼了。
  • We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
学英语单词
A fool's bolt is soon shot .
actual mixing cycle
Akula
allocation of agriculture
Amidozon
ampere-turns
arsenic ulcer
ataraxias
Bain circuit
baths
bells the cat
benzotriazole
cabalize
chromatin body
Chulmleigh
circular point at infinity
CMTMDS
collecting tubules
compensating market
contestations
creped paper
cut to a point
cyclomation
data reading system
decoupling era
diffusion speed
direct ascent weapon
doliops similis
dump skip
equatorial coordinates
euler microtime scale
ex-ante efficiency analysis
facsimiled
fibre grease
first-aid
food demand
formamide process
frondosely
fuck-me
full-year loss
glason
grammole
hand power crane
heating pattern
Heichelheim's tests
high speed paper cutting machine
highly internationalized operation
Hitzig tests
hornblendite
immedial sky blue
international reference group
inverse of multiplication
jayakody
Kanigogouma
keeps guard
keneret
lapsed sales discounts
ligamentous ankylosis
like fury
litas
logp
Michiganensians
milking pipeline
modelbuilding
neptunic rocks
not put a foot wrong
official position
one upper
organizational change
paralyses
perihysteric
physiology of protozoa
pneumatic linkage
poetica
preeclampsia
prosinesses
reauthorising
red prussiate of potash
residual competence
road-blocking
root-mean-square simulation error
Schwegenheim
shadflies
Shell sort
short rainbow
side-strain
sidescraper
sing low
slash with
sowles
stress-timeds
subtriplicated
sweep along
tethered unit
their majesties
treating waste water
tuco-tuco
vettura
wallabas
wavefront curvature
wely
when to charge