【英语时差8,16】飞行蝗虫的X翼战斗机和运动检测神经元
时间：2018-12-27 作者：英语课 分类：英语时差8，16
Don: Hey Yaël, what do locusts 2, neurons, robots and the movie Star Wars have in common? Yaël: You got me, Don. D: The answer is: Doctor Claire Rind, a [dict]biologist[/dict] and robotics expert at the University of Newcastle, England. Dr. Rind wanted to design a collision-avoidance system for cars. So she decided 3 to investigate the collision-avoidance system of locusts. Y: Why locusts? D: Locusts have fairly simple eyes and brains but still manage to fly in [dict]dense[/dict] swarms 4 of many millions without bumping into each other. She hoped that by understanding how locusts managed this feat 5, she could design a robotic system based on their neural 6 [dict]machinery[/dict]. Now here is where it gets a little wacky--she made locusts watch Star Wars while monitoring the reactions of their visual systems. Dr. Rind discovered that locusts have special neurons that respond specifically to looming 7 objects--or objects moving straight toward the locust 1, like on-screen spaceships. These movement-detector neurons [dict]distinguish[/dict] between approaching and receding 8 objects by the way the edges of the object's image seem to grow or [dict]shrink[/dict] in their field of vision. Y: Neat! D: Then Rind and her [dict]colleague[/dict]s translated the locust's [dict]neural [/dict]processing to a small robot with cameras for eyes and had it [dict]zoom [/dict]through an obstacle course. The robot was able to avoid collisions 91% of the time! Now a team of neurobiologists, engineers, and designers is working on an automatic collision avoidance system for cars. The so-called "Locust Project" uses the knowledge gained from Star Wars-watching locusts. One day your car may be able to avoid collisions with the speed and accuracy of flying locusts! Y: Now that's science in action!
- A locust is a kind of destructive insect.蝗虫是一种害虫。
- This illustration shows a vertical section through the locust.本图所示为蝗虫的纵剖面。
- a swarm of locusts 一大群蝗虫
- In no time the locusts came down and started eating everything. 很快蝗虫就飞落下来开始吃东西，什么都吃。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
- They came to town in swarms. 他们蜂拥来到城里。
- On June the first there were swarms of children playing in the park. 6月1日那一天，这个公园里有一群群的孩子玩耍。
- Man's first landing on the moon was a feat of great daring.人类首次登月是一个勇敢的壮举。
- He received a medal for his heroic feat.他因其英雄业绩而获得一枚勋章。
- The neural network can preferably solve the non- linear problem.利用神经网络建模可以较好地解决非线性问题。
- The information transmission in neural system depends on neurotransmitters.信息传递的神经途径有赖于神经递质。