时间:2018-12-27 作者:英语课 分类:英语时差8,16


【英语时差8,16】用普通人的细胞制造干细胞 - 英语课
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  1. 1 【英语时差8,16】用普通人的细胞制造干细胞 英语课
英语课

 Making Stem Cells From Ordinary Adult Cells Most cells in our bodies are unipotent, that is they stay the same throughout their lives. For example, once a skin cell, always a skin cell–they never start turning into brain cells. The exception is stem cells. As a fertilized 1 egg starts to divide and grow into a complete organism, the cells in this developing ball of embryo 2 are known as pluripotent stem cells. As these cells divide, they change, or “differentiate,” into muscle, lung, or any other kind of cell needed to build a body. This amazing trait is what makes embryonic 3 stem cell research so important. For example, pluripotent stem cells might potentially be used to make new treatments or cures by replacing diseased cells with new ones grown from stem cells. But despite their potential for good, embryonic stem cell research has sparked intense political controversy 4. But in 2007, scientists made a revolutionary breakthrough. Three different groups simultaneously 5 announced that they had converted unipotent, mature skin cells back into an undifferentiated state. In other words, they had created cells that behaved like embryonic stem cells without using any embryo derived 6 materials. These new cells, dubbed 7 “induced pluripotent stem cells” or IPS’s could then be converted into a variety of different cell types, such as pancreas, muscle or brain cells. The IPS’s were created by inserting certain genes 8 into the DNA 9 of the adult cells. The inserted genes turn on cellular 10 signals that allow the cell to change into new cell types. This breakthrough brings us closer to exciting possibilities such as custom designed treatments, drugs or tissue transplant using stem cells made from the patient’s own cells.



1 Fertilized
v.施肥( fertilize的过去式和过去分词 )
  • The study of psychology has recently been widely cross-fertilized by new discoveries in genetics. 心理学研究最近从遗传学的新发现中受益匪浅。
  • Flowers are often fertilized by bees as they gather nectar. 花常在蜜蜂采蜜时受粉。
2 embryo
n.胚胎,萌芽的事物
  • They are engaging in an embryo research.他们正在进行一项胚胎研究。
  • The project was barely in embryo.该计划只是个雏形。
3 embryonic
adj.胚胎的
  • It is still in an embryonic stage.它还处于萌芽阶段。
  • The plan,as yet,only exists in embryonic form.这个计划迄今为止还只是在酝酿之中。
4 controversy
n.争论,辩论,争吵
  • That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
  • We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。
5 simultaneously
adv.同时发生地,同时进行地
  • The radar beam can track a number of targets almost simultaneously.雷达波几乎可以同时追着多个目标。
  • The Windows allow a computer user to execute multiple programs simultaneously.Windows允许计算机用户同时运行多个程序。
6 derived
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
  • Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 dubbed
v.给…起绰号( dub的过去式和过去分词 );把…称为;配音;复制
  • Mathematics was once dubbed the handmaiden of the sciences. 数学曾一度被视为各门科学的基础。
  • Is the movie dubbed or does it have subtitles? 这部电影是配音的还是打字幕的? 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 genes
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
9 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
10 cellular
adj.移动的;细胞的,由细胞组成的
  • She has a cellular telephone in her car.她的汽车里有一部无线通讯电话机。
  • Many people use cellular materials as sensitive elements in hygrometers.很多人用蜂窝状的材料作为测量温度的传感元件。
学英语单词
49ers
a gold brick
abderitan laughter
activation calculation
amundsen gulf
anxious for
aortic declamping syndrome
aorto-arteriograph
Away with it !
axial bracket arm
bloater herring
boxing days
Brandesburton
buddy movie
cawthorne
chain rope carrier
concept classification
confode
congemi
congenital myopathy
covered joint
Cynoscion nebulosus
D-N-methylcoclaurine
definition of binary tree
die on the gallows
Dourh, Jeb.
electric medium constant
eyad
far off
fixed programme
fortran system
frequency-modulation threshold
fund certificate
greywacke schist
humeral bone
hyostyly
hyperboloidic position
ieur
in itself
income-elastic
inexcursive
irrigation water quality standard
joint defendants
lamuts
lapse of offer
leechings
loss reserves
mechanical apparatus
micrampere
midnineteenth
milli-joules
Munébrega
nasopharyngeal disease
nidulates
Nifian
orimarga (orimarga) fuscivenosa
parlimente
phanduri
Phenobal
phylomorphic
port of destination
potestate
psychoda harrisi
punitive damage
razor job
reinforced concrete frame structure
remediously
Rhododendron microgynum
Romeo and Juliet couple
rotary haymarker
SC
severe pain
sidewalk greening
sin-eater
sliding-pressure operation
smallarmed
solution density detector
starter contact
straight yield
system of network analysis programs
test of achievement
timophilia
top-root ratio
total digitalization
trichosanthus
truncated Venturi tube
Tsugaruishi
two-dimensional systematic sampling
undissuaded
universal screw-wrench
uptake motion
Vakhtan
venedikts
waste paper duster
waste water pump
weld surface
wetroom
wide angle luminaire
wire inserted asbestos yarn
Wondai
xylotile
zonography