时间:2018-12-27 作者:英语课 分类:英语时差8,16


英语课

Mammals developed from land-based reptiles 1 two hundred million years ago, and most of the mammals we see today are still land based. A notable exception are the  cetaceans, which we all know as dolphins and whales. How did they move from land to sea? The ancestor of modern whales moved into the water about fifty-two million years ago. One whale fossil,about forty million years old, provides an interesting snapshot from this gradual change. This early whale fossil had rudimentary legs growing from its sides. These were puny 2 compared to the bulk of the whale, so they were probably vestigial, in the slow process of disappearing. Moving from land to salt water requires more changes than simply trading in legs for fins 3, however. For example, the kidney of a modern whale allows it to drink salt water, but early whales must have been restricted to fresh water like other mammals. Scientists have recently discovered that this important kidney change happened about forty eight million years ago to a whale called Indocetus. Kidneys don't leave behind fossils like bones do, so how can these scientists be sure? The answer comes from the ancient whales' tooth enamel 4. Oxygenin an animal's tooth records information about the type of water they drank. The very earliest proto-whales had tooth enamel that indicated a fresh water diet.They probably lived in rivers, or at least returned to rivers to drink. Indocetus, however, had teeth that indicated a salt water diet. This means it had specialized 5 kidneys, and was probably the first mammal to swim the open ocean. That's a lot of information from some old teeth!



1 reptiles
n.爬行动物,爬虫( reptile的名词复数 )
  • Snakes and crocodiles are both reptiles. 蛇和鳄鱼都是爬行动物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Birds, reptiles and insects come from eggs. 鸟类、爬虫及昆虫是卵生的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
2 puny
adj.微不足道的,弱小的
  • The resources at the central banks' disposal are simply too puny.中央银行掌握的资金实在太少了。
  • Antonio was a puny lad,and not strong enough to work.安东尼奥是个瘦小的小家伙,身体还不壮,还不能干活。
3 fins
[医]散热片;鱼鳍;飞边;鸭掌
  • The level of TNF-α positively correlated with BMI,FPG,HbA1C,TG,FINS and IRI,but not with SBP and DBP. TNF-α水平与BMI、FPG、HbA1C、TG、FINS和IRI呈显著正相关,与SBP、DBP无相关。 来自互联网
  • Fins are a feature specific to fish. 鱼鳍是鱼类特有的特征。 来自辞典例句
4 enamel
n.珐琅,搪瓷,瓷釉;(牙齿的)珐琅质
  • I chipped the enamel on my front tooth when I fell over.我跌倒时门牙的珐琅质碰碎了。
  • He collected coloured enamel bowls from Yugoslavia.他藏有来自南斯拉夫的彩色搪瓷碗。
5 specialized
adj.专门的,专业化的
  • There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
  • These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。
学英语单词
acetylglucosaminide
air-taxis
assubjugated
atriopore
average wage expended on a product
be in conference
buildingmotion
burnt pine
census of trade
chandrakant
chlorofibre
cold-emulsion
committal in civil proceedings
complex phaser
cooled detector radiometer
crosstalk volume
cryogenic technique
dehydromorphine
dilatancy theory
dishele
documentation and maintenance quality assurance
down-play
emergency panel
engine management
epiphyllum oxypetalum (dc.) haw
ergasiatrics
feigner
fimbriated hymen
fin-stabilized ke ammunition
financial futures
Formiga, Pta.da
genus cerastess
guaranteed arrival
Guéra, Préfect.du
hand-ruff
heman
hot-guy
hydroxyl ion overtone absorption
ichnotaxon
interactive marketing
international Morse code
isopropyl benzene
kulturbahnhof
Lagonegro
Laguerre, Edmond-Nicolas
lecture chart
low plane of nutrition
lower order byte
madrick
maevia
malacology
maltotrioses
mannitol salt agar
meliandiol
military postures
model view controller
moment of silence
musculus splenius cervicis
NE by N
nodaviruses
noradrenergic neuron
normal revenue and expenditure
North Saskatchewan R.
odontosteresis
oestridge
osteochondritis dissecans
outs-of-school
oxepinac
patching cord
perezone
Piersol's points
postreduction
pteryla (pl.pterylae)
quick change artist
qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmmnbvcxzlkjhgfdsapoiuytrewq
race a bill through the house
radiation accident
rawi
red-necks
reservoir permeability
rivel-ravel
run-off plate
setazindol
shot cold hardening
skeeds
small-tonnage ship
smiledons
stewed chicken and rice in cream
syntaphilin
tapered chord
tetrahedral toolmaker's straight edge
timber crib cofferdam
travel message
tryste
Tuningen
two lanes canal
wanite
water absorption
Widener University
Wyszynski
zhaos
zk