时间:2018-12-27 作者:英语课 分类:英语时差8,16


英语课

Mammals developed from land-based reptiles 1 two hundred million years ago, and most of the mammals we see today are still land based. A notable exception are the  cetaceans, which we all know as dolphins and whales. How did they move from land to sea? The ancestor of modern whales moved into the water about fifty-two million years ago. One whale fossil,about forty million years old, provides an interesting snapshot from this gradual change. This early whale fossil had rudimentary legs growing from its sides. These were puny 2 compared to the bulk of the whale, so they were probably vestigial, in the slow process of disappearing. Moving from land to salt water requires more changes than simply trading in legs for fins 3, however. For example, the kidney of a modern whale allows it to drink salt water, but early whales must have been restricted to fresh water like other mammals. Scientists have recently discovered that this important kidney change happened about forty eight million years ago to a whale called Indocetus. Kidneys don't leave behind fossils like bones do, so how can these scientists be sure? The answer comes from the ancient whales' tooth enamel 4. Oxygenin an animal's tooth records information about the type of water they drank. The very earliest proto-whales had tooth enamel that indicated a fresh water diet.They probably lived in rivers, or at least returned to rivers to drink. Indocetus, however, had teeth that indicated a salt water diet. This means it had specialized 5 kidneys, and was probably the first mammal to swim the open ocean. That's a lot of information from some old teeth!



1 reptiles
n.爬行动物,爬虫( reptile的名词复数 )
  • Snakes and crocodiles are both reptiles. 蛇和鳄鱼都是爬行动物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Birds, reptiles and insects come from eggs. 鸟类、爬虫及昆虫是卵生的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
2 puny
adj.微不足道的,弱小的
  • The resources at the central banks' disposal are simply too puny.中央银行掌握的资金实在太少了。
  • Antonio was a puny lad,and not strong enough to work.安东尼奥是个瘦小的小家伙,身体还不壮,还不能干活。
3 fins
[医]散热片;鱼鳍;飞边;鸭掌
  • The level of TNF-α positively correlated with BMI,FPG,HbA1C,TG,FINS and IRI,but not with SBP and DBP. TNF-α水平与BMI、FPG、HbA1C、TG、FINS和IRI呈显著正相关,与SBP、DBP无相关。 来自互联网
  • Fins are a feature specific to fish. 鱼鳍是鱼类特有的特征。 来自辞典例句
4 enamel
n.珐琅,搪瓷,瓷釉;(牙齿的)珐琅质
  • I chipped the enamel on my front tooth when I fell over.我跌倒时门牙的珐琅质碰碎了。
  • He collected coloured enamel bowls from Yugoslavia.他藏有来自南斯拉夫的彩色搪瓷碗。
5 specialized
adj.专门的,专业化的
  • There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
  • These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。
学英语单词
-hugging
adiabatic change of state
after on
amalgam mortar
appalling crimes
audio-frequency coder
be parallel to
beam effciency of aperture antenna
biological accumulation
biology departments
blepharoemphysema
blocking direction
bloomfields
body of rod
building out condenser
Caesarea Mazaca
cashier
chemistry of Saturn
CO-BLEO
commisions
connellsville
corpus ventrale
Deeds,not words.
disnestle
distemonous
dominant negative regulation
doriah
epcots
erosone
eructated
eynshams
Fada, Loch
fire-resisting bulkhead
flexibility of budget system
gain the character of
ghumbprint
gross saless
Hang Hau
hot water heater
Houlka
inotagma
intelligent computer coach
jenette
junk sub
kempinski
koko
la rosiere (france)
Laminaria digitata
let slip the dogs of war
level striding
logical shift operation
lsi-r
magnetic deflection system
magnetic remanence
marine lives
Masticura
mccain
mndo
mouse uterine unit
nonnavigational
nonobtrusive
Northwest Orient
phytomedicines
pill-box counter
port neck crown
proprietary interest
protec-tion
quadrupole ion trap
quickliming
Quigua
radiation exposure
rate seed per mu
reflux condensation
religio-ethical
restart request
sandalford
scogh
segregation requirement
semiconductor device measurements
sentiently
somercotes
spilt-second collet support
spin ... out
stable soil road
stay the pangs of hunger
supposing
Swapan
The book off
thickness of blade
thylacitis
tone ... down
topological unit
trialeurodess
triphenylphosphine
type of economics
unhardened concrete
valib
vertical gradient of gravity
weak-focusing accelerator
what can I say
wing-handed
youthfest