时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:2015年VOA慢速英语(八)月


英语课

 其实能问到这个语法点的一般都是考GMAT(美国工商管理专业研究生入学考试)的。因为在GMAT语法改错题中,有一个固定的规则,就是引导宾语从句的that坚决不可以省略。但是似乎在我们的语法课上学到的that都是可省可不省的。那究竟什么时候可省、什么时候不可省呢?为了搞清楚这个问题,咱们先来复习一下宾语从句中that的作用:


  that引导名词性从句时只起连接从句的作用,本身没有任何意义,因此在从句中不充当任何句子成分。
  在GMAT语法中,认为在引导宾语从句时,既然你唯一做的就是降级、连接,如果去掉了,这个功能就体现不出来,所以坚决不能省。
  但在引导定语从句时充当定从中的宾语时可以省,因为它那时是关系代词,可以从从句中缺一个成分看出来降级以及that起到的作用。
  在GMAT语法严格遵守“连词数=谓语动词数-1”。
  比如造个句子:He believed that each individual is responsible for the environmental protection of the earth.
  谓语动词有believe 和is两个,一个主句的,一个从句的,2-1=1,所以这个连词that不能省。
  所以严格来说,引导宾语从句的that是不可以省略的,所以如果以后想考GMAT的话,要记住这个规则哦。
  但其实老外口语或者非正式的书面语中,是没那么死抠这个规则的。所以我们中国的语法专家就综合考虑,决定保留老外口语中的that可省这一点,但在有一些比如agree, argue, hold, learn, observe, remark, suggest, indicate, conceive这种比较正式的书面语的谓语动词后,就规定that不可省略;而像hear, know, grant, say, see, perceive, confess, consider, declare, understand, propose这些词呢,口语书面都可以, that就可省可不省;但如果是think, suppose, believe, presume, dare say这种口语词时, that通常要省略。
  再总结一下that不可省的情况:
  1. 在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中(除宾语从句),that 不能省。如:
  That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. (主语从句)
  The truth is that nobody knows who invented eyeglasses. (表语从句)
  We have to face the fact that land is fragile.(同位语从句)
  2. 在agree, argue, hold, learn, observe, remark, suggest, indicate, conceive这种比较正式的书面语的谓语动词后,that不可省略。如:
  Both candidates agree that the biggest local concern is unemployment.
  Studies indicate that we have a limited amount of self-control.
  3. 在it作形式宾语的宾语从句前,that不可省。如:
  They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
  4. 在由and或or所连接的两个宾语从句时,第一个从句中的that可以省;而第二个从句中的that不能省。
  It is depressing to think (that) life is purposeless and that evolution has no higher destination.
  通过以上对that可省可不省的情况的总结,相信对that在从句中的作用有了更清晰的认识,但要记住一点,GMAT中宾语从句引导词that是不能省的,高中语法只要记住不能省的情况就可以了。

标签: 英语语法
学英语单词
a-going
amidships engined ship
Amundsen Abyssal Plain
ballcarrier
basic drawing logic
bean-capers
bell toad
Bestcall
binomial index of dispersion
bisecting
bismarks
brass collar
bus duct
capillary-shear-induced orientation
causley
cavern(a)
claviger
close-minded
coal-gas poisoning
coffs
coller for motor
consolidation by merger
controller parameter modification
digging depth
distant grafting
distributed stress
dry film lubricant
em-erged
Ericht, River
exceptionalist
fat coals
feedees
float landing gear
fore-while
freshwaters
fructus citri wilsonii immaturi
globular bulb
Haemodorum
hate-speech
helicosporium nymphaearum rand.
induced draught system
jackfruit
key note speaker
lasiocampid moth
Lefkosia
lighted wind cone
LVCF
lyophilic polymer
mascalls
maximum depth
maximum possible flood
mica insert
Micah
moonballed
natalie
native ability
Oksbφl
one-piece-forged
option attribute
package investment
perhyaline rock (c.i.p.w)
PHFG
philemons
pig liver fat
Pirgos(Pyrgos)
polony (sausage)
preened
program structure in fund accounting
putatively
QCC
quiescent flow
ravined
rhinoptera bonasuss
rockwell hardness test rod and drop-pull system
samoilova
sample applicator
satellite radioline
scribing iron
sheet pack
single-needle cylinder-bed machine
sinker bar
SL-SD
soft-lefts
solanine bases
spheric polar
standard pulse
stylisticss
superchain
support functions
syndetic index
syngenetic hydrocarbon
tan pickle
teleprocessing exchange service
Tobias Smollett
tutuala
unmetalled road
upchange
vapour recirculating still
Vogts
water-cooled brass collar
wood trowel
zahniser