时间:2018-12-17 作者:英语课 分类:2017年NPR美国国家公共电台4月


英语课

 


DAVID GREENE, HOST:


Bear with me because we're going to spend a minute or so talking about statistical 1 analysis, you know, the kind used to analyze 2 data and predict who might win March Madness or an election. But what if we used data to look at literature? NPR's Glen Weldon tells us about a new book called "Nabokov's Favorite Color Is Mauve" (ph) and the patterns it reveals.


GLEN WELDON, BYLINE 3: A statistician - his name is Ben Blatt - loaded thousands of novels into a huge database and crunched 4 the numbers. One thing those numbers show is that male novelists write overwhelmingly about men. Women read about male and female characters roughly equally. Another thing - cliches.


UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Now or never.


UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: With all my heart.


UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Nick of time.


WELDON: Writers are supposed to avoid cliches like the plague. Who uses the fewest? Virginia Woolf, Edith Wharton and Jane Austen, all women. The top three cliche 5 abusers? Men - Kurt Vonnegut, Tom Wolfe, and coming in at number one, James Patterson, whose go-to cliche, believe it or not, is...


UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Believe it or not.


WELDON: Let's talk adverbs.


UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Happily.


UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: Nearly.


UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Suddenly.


WELDON: Your teachers warned you not to use too many. And it turns out their advice holds up. Of the novels that dominate the lists of great books, 2 out of 4 contain few adverbs. Now, this stuff might not surprise you exactly, but it's fun to see your vague notions about writing turned into stark 6 numerical facts. Here's one. Every author has a word that they use much more than others. Here's Jane Austen's.


UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: Civility.


WELDON: Makes sense, right? How about Herman Melville?


UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Whale.


WELDON: You probably saw that coming. Here's Agatha Christie's three favorite words.


UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: Inquest. Frightful 7. Alibi 8.


WELDON: And as for Tom Wolfe, his favorite word is [expletive]. Ben Blatt's book gets its title from Vladimir Nabokov's favorite word - mauve. He used it at a rate 44 times higher than it's found in other people's writing. That's a lot of mauve. I'd say something about purple prose here but that would be a cliche. I'm Glen Weldon.



1 statistical
adj.统计的,统计学的
  • He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table.他用统计表显示价格的波动。
  • They're making detailed statistical analysis.他们正在做具体的统计分析。
2 analyze
vt.分析,解析 (=analyse)
  • We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
  • The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。
3 byline
n.署名;v.署名
  • His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
  • We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。
4 crunched
v.嘎吱嘎吱地咬嚼( crunch的过去式和过去分词 );嘎吱作响;(快速大量地)处理信息;数字捣弄
  • Our feet crunched on the frozen snow. 我们的脚嘎吱嘎吱地踩在冻雪上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He closed his jaws on the bones and crunched. 他咬紧骨头,使劲地嚼。 来自英汉文学 - 热爱生命
5 cliche
n./a.陈词滥调(的);老生常谈(的);陈腐的
  • You should always try to avoid the use of cliche. 你应该尽量避免使用陈词滥调。
  • The old cliche is certainly true:the bigger car do mean bigger profits.有句老话倒的确说得不假:车大利大。
6 stark
adj.荒凉的;严酷的;完全的;adv.完全地
  • The young man is faced with a stark choice.这位年轻人面临严峻的抉择。
  • He gave a stark denial to the rumor.他对谣言加以完全的否认。
7 frightful
adj.可怕的;讨厌的
  • How frightful to have a husband who snores!有一个发鼾声的丈夫多讨厌啊!
  • We're having frightful weather these days.这几天天气坏极了。
8 alibi
n.某人当时不在犯罪现场的申辩或证明;借口
  • Do you have any proof to substantiate your alibi? 你有证据表明你当时不在犯罪现场吗?
  • The police are suspicious of his alibi because he already has a record.警方对他不在场的辩解表示怀疑,因为他已有前科。