时间:2018-12-16 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2014年(五月)


英语课

 


US Anti Apartheid Movement Helps Bring Change to South Africa 美国反隔离运动给南非带来改变


It's been 20 years since the end of apartheid in South Africa, the system of racial segregation 1 that curtailed 2 the rights of black South Africans for decades. One of the strongest protest movements outside South Africa to dismantle 3 apartheid was in the United States during the 1980's.


Television news images of the violent struggles to end apartheid in South Africa captured the attention of Americans in the 1980's.  


They also galvanized support for the US Anti-Apartheid movement. Former US Congressman 4 Ron Dellums was one of the leaders of the movement. He says, "Challenging apartheid in South Africa became a logical next place to go."


He worked to expose the plight 5 of South Africa's blacks along with the injustices 6 carried out by the white minority government. Dellums introduced anti-apartheid legislation in Congress banning trade and investment in South Africa, and also led many demonstrations 8 in which ordinary people and many celebrities 9 were arrested.


"They went out there to put themselves on the line to say, 'Look if South Africans could be beaten and jailed the least we could do is go out there and experience some discomfort 10 ourselves and be one with our sisters and brothers in the struggle to liberate 11 them.," he said.


Howard Dodson, director of the Howard University Library, remembers protesting with his son outside the South African consulate 12 in Atlanta.


"The anti-apartheid activities in the United States actually reverberated 13 around the world leading other people to develop their own demonstration 7 activities and that was probably as critical to the overthrow 14 of apartheid as anything else that was going on," he said.


Students also protested on university campuses - calling on schools and corporations get rid of their investments in South Africa.


Nelson Mandela's granddaughter Tukwini says the US Anti-Apartheid movement and others helped turn international opinion decisively against the apartheid regime.


"My grandfather and others really appreciated that because they realized that without the support from the outside there would not have necessarily been successful in dismantling 15 apartheid," she said.


In 1986, Congress approved a law (The Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act) imposing 16 tough U.S. economic sanctions against South Africa.  President Ronald Reagan opposed the measure and vetoed it.  But days later, lawmakers overrode 17 his veto.


Former Republican Senator Richard Lugar supported the sanctions. He said, "This led the South African government, I believe, to reconsider its policies not immediately but certainly under the dint 18 of the difficult sanctions that were there. And it led to the freedom of Nelson Mandela."


Apartheid ended in 1994, and Nelson Mandela was elected South Africa's President. During a state visit to Washington he thanked Americans for their support.


"You have no idea how your involvement in the anti-apartheid struggle in our country actually helped to facilitate the transformation," said Mandela.


Ron Dellums says the greatest reward for his anti-apartheid work came during a meeting with Mr. Mandela.


"He [Mandela] looked at me and said Ronald Dellums we have heard much of you," he said. "You gave us [South Africans] hope you kept us alive and he hugged me and I broke down and cried. I will never forget that moment for as long as I live."


 


Dellums says there's no doubt the determination and sacrifice by so many in the US anti-apartheid movement helped to change the course of history in South Africa.



1 segregation
n.隔离,种族隔离
  • Many school boards found segregation a hot potato in the early 1960s.在60年代初,许多学校部门都觉得按水平分班是一个棘手的问题。
  • They were tired to death of segregation and of being kicked around.他们十分厌恶种族隔离和总是被人踢来踢去。
2 curtailed
v.截断,缩短( curtail的过去式和过去分词 )
  • Spending on books has been severely curtailed. 购书开支已被大大削减。
  • Their public health programme had to be severely curtailed. 他们的公共卫生计划不得不大大收缩。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 dismantle
vt.拆开,拆卸;废除,取消
  • He asked for immediate help from the United States to dismantle the warheads.他请求美国立即提供援助,拆除这批弹头。
  • The mower firmly refused to mow,so I decided to dismantle it.修完后割草机还是纹丝不动,于是,我决定把它拆开。
4 Congressman
n.(美)国会议员
  • He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
  • The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。
5 plight
n.困境,境况,誓约,艰难;vt.宣誓,保证,约定
  • The leader was much concerned over the plight of the refugees.那位领袖对难民的困境很担忧。
  • She was in a most helpless plight.她真不知如何是好。
6 injustices
不公平( injustice的名词复数 ); 非正义; 待…不公正; 冤枉
  • One who committed many injustices is doomed to failure. 多行不义必自毙。
  • He felt confident that his injustices would be righted. 他相信他的冤屈会受到昭雪的。
7 demonstration
n.表明,示范,论证,示威
  • His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
  • He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。
8 demonstrations
证明( demonstration的名词复数 ); 表明; 表达; 游行示威
  • Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
  • The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。
9 celebrities
n.(尤指娱乐界的)名人( celebrity的名词复数 );名流;名声;名誉
  • He only invited A-list celebrities to his parties. 他只邀请头等名流参加他的聚会。
  • a TV chat show full of B-list celebrities 由众多二流人物参加的电视访谈节目
10 discomfort
n.不舒服,不安,难过,困难,不方便
  • One has to bear a little discomfort while travelling.旅行中总要忍受一点不便。
  • She turned red with discomfort when the teacher spoke.老师讲话时她不好意思地红着脸。
11 liberate
v.解放,使获得自由,释出,放出;vt.解放,使获自由
  • They did their best to liberate slaves.他们尽最大能力去解放奴隶。
  • This will liberate him from economic worry.这将消除他经济上的忧虑。
12 consulate
n.领事馆
  • The Spanish consulate is the large white building opposite the bank.西班牙领事馆是银行对面的那栋高大的白色建筑物。
  • The American consulate was a magnificent edifice in the centre of Bordeaux.美国领事馆是位于波尔多市中心的一座宏伟的大厦。
13 reverberated
回响,回荡( reverberate的过去式和过去分词 ); 使反响,使回荡,使反射
  • Her voice reverberated around the hall. 她的声音在大厅里回荡。
  • The roar of guns reverberated in the valley. 炮声响彻山谷。
14 overthrow
v.推翻,打倒,颠覆;n.推翻,瓦解,颠覆
  • After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后,这个国家处于混乱中。
  • The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。
15 dismantling
(枪支)分解
  • The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。
  • The dismantling of a nuclear reprocessing plant caused a leak of radioactivity yesterday. 昨天拆除核后处理工厂引起了放射物泄漏。
16 imposing
adj.使人难忘的,壮丽的,堂皇的,雄伟的
  • The fortress is an imposing building.这座城堡是一座宏伟的建筑。
  • He has lost his imposing appearance.他已失去堂堂仪表。
17 overrode
越控( override的过去式 ); (以权力)否决; 优先于; 比…更重要
  • The chairman overrode the committee's objections and signed the agreement. 主席不顾委员会的反对,径行签署了协议。
  • The Congress overrode the President's objection and passed the law. 国会不顾总统的反对,通过了那项法令。
18 dint
n.由于,靠;凹坑
  • He succeeded by dint of hard work.他靠苦干获得成功。
  • He reached the top by dint of great effort.他费了很大的劲终于爬到了顶。
学英语单词
afro-caribbeans
alphabeticnumeric
aluminum chloroisopropylate
antithetical couplet
aqueous two phase system
arsepidine
automatic tire pump
be easy
belicher
benquinox
biscoe is.
Brazilian copal
brittle grades
bromide papers
ceilin'
chainless
chemical emulsification
chemically disintegrated power
child-destruction
Chrysosplenium oxygraphoides
cibations
constructional requirement
control plunger
cryptocrystalline martensite
decolored
developmental homeostasis (lerner 1954)
disgood
distomolar
elchee
endobrachy-esophagus
evenly-matched
Fort-de-Pollgnac
Fortune, Robert
friendly-fires
fuel assembly damage
Garnotia triseta
genocide policy
get notice
ground treatment
grubbiness
hyperformal
ilio-hypogastric nerve
infinite unitary group
interparticle
ion migration ratio
laceration of eye
Lago Posadas
literary narrative
Malabar Pt.
manual link
mastre
megabit chip
megadevelopments
megatonic
merchandise bookkeeping
meteorological bureau
much sought after
Nadiad
nicafenine
Novolax
on charge of
Opatovice nad Labem
open account scheme
Paragonimus rudis
parmigianoes
pentaerythritol epoxy resin
phase-by-phase build-up
pheumatometry
PM theory
pneumatic tyred roller
portable opto-electronic tracker (poet)
pre-tensioner
quartz fiber dosimeter
radioimmunoanalyzer
Sachverhalt
se tenant
sectionalized single busbar connection
service occupations
shampooing
shot the moon
sighting station
sound pressure compensation method
struck-off
studfishes
sum-of-years digits depreciation
summit of mountain
telemeteorography
thank u very much
the program
thermal leakage coefficient
thermal structure
thrombosin
toothed spurge
toxalbumic
trans aminase aminotransferase
trawlboat
V stern
wage-rental ratio
wannian
X press
Yamal
yaoshanensis