VO常速英语2015--英国启用颇具争议举措打击极端主义

Britain Makes Controversial Move to Crack Down on Extremism 英国启用颇具争议举措打击极端主义

LONDON—

Britain is moving to tighten 1 controls on extremist rhetoric 2, even when it does not incite 3 violence or hatred 4 - a move that some are concerned might unduly 5 restrict basic freedoms.

It is an issue many countries are grappling with as extremist groups gain power in the Middle East, fueled in part by donations and fighters from the West.

Britain’s Home Secretary announced plans for the legislation, which had been promised if the Conservative Party won the recent election. The new government included it in the annual Queen’s Speech, laying out its official program.

英国内政大臣已承诺如果保守党赢得最近的大选将宣布新的立法计划。新政府在一年一度的女王讲话时宣布了这一内容，提出了官方举措。

“Measures will also be brought forward to promote social cohesion 6 and protect people by tackling extremism,” said Queen Elizabeth II.

“措施将促进社会凝聚力并通过打击应对极端主义保护人民。”

Stopping extremism

The government wants stronger regulatory powers over charities and religious institutions to ensure they are not involved in promoting extremism. It also wants the ability to ban individuals from expressing extremist views.

政府希望加强在慈善和宗教机构上的监管权力以确保其没有涉足促进极端主义。同时也希望禁止个人表达极端观点的能力。

Up to a point, radicalism 7 expert Hannah Stuart of the Henry Jackson Society welcomes the effort to be tougher on extremist groups, even when they are not directly connected to violence.

在一定程度上, 亨利杰克逊社会网的激进主义专家汉娜·斯图尔特表示即使不是直接同暴力流血事件相关，也支持努力应对极端组织的举措。

“Where extremism is allowed to flourish, we see the diminishing of individual rights, but also of group rights, and it’s usually, sadly, minority rights," she said. "So it’s usually Muslims, themselves, who are the first victims.”

“极端主义在哪里发展,我们就会发现不仅个人,而且还有团体权利的减少,通常少数人的权利也牵涉在内。因此穆斯林经常成为首当其冲深受其害的群体。”

But Stuart said she is concerned about the potential limits on individual speech.

但斯图尔特表示她担心潜在的对于个人言论的限制。

“We have to accept that there will be certain extremist ideas and dissent 8 on our street corners, and we have to trust that as a society, and civil society particularly, we’re strong enough to rebut 9 that openly, rather than hide it away,” she said.

“我们不得不接受会有某些极端主义思想及异议,而且我们必须相信,作为一个社会,而且尤其是公民社会，我们要强大到要足以公开反驳,而不是躲躲藏藏。”

Speaking via Skype from the Muslim Association of Britain, Omer al-Hamdoon agreed with that, and expressed a more pointed 10 concern.

通过Skype发表讲话时, 英国穆斯林协会的奥马尔·艾尔·哈默登表示同意并表达了更尖锐的观点。

“Muslims, specifically within Britain, are going to be muted, and denied their freedom of speech, even though they have not committed any criminal act,” he said.

“穆斯林,尤其是在英国的穆斯林要低调,并否认他们的言论自由,即使他们没有承认任何犯罪行为。”

Seeking new ways

Hamdoon said current laws against incitement 11 are adequate, and he disputed the idea that extremist rhetoric fuels violence.

哈默登表示现在有很多反对煽动罪行的法律,而且他认为极端主义言论成为了暴力流血事件的助燃剂。

“The Home Secretary has mentioned this thread between non-violent extremism and violent extremism. I don’t think there’s any evidence to support this kind of theory,” he said.

“内政大臣已提到非暴力极端主义及暴力极端主义之间的这种情况。我不认为有任何证据能支持这种理论。”

Hamdoon said the government is ill equipped to differentiate 12 between ideas that are outside the mainstream 13, and those that might be dangerous. He said the new law would make some legitimate 14 Muslim preaching illegal.

哈默登表示政府无法区分主流之外及可能具有危险的思想。他表示新法律将把一些合法的穆斯林布道变成非法。

But Stuart said so far, the problem has been the opposite.

但斯图尔特表示到目前为止,这个问题一直是对立的。

“We have failed to identify extremism rather than intend in any way to criminalize Islamic practice,” she said.

“我们在确定极端主义方面已经出现失误,而非以任何方式宣布伊斯兰实践违法。”

Stuart said there is a consensus 15 among many democracies that they need to find new ways to deal with the rise of extremism, without violating the rights of the people they are trying to protect.

斯图尔特表示很多民主党人达成了一种共识,他们需要在不违背试图保护人民权利的情况下寻找新的方法来应对极端主义的崛起。