一些食物可以作为药物

Some Foods Can Be Medicine 一些食物可以作为药物

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

Food as medicine is not a new idea.

The ancient Greek physician Hippocrates is commonly quoted as saying, 'Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food.'

Hippocrates is often called the “father of modern medicine” even though he was born around 460 B.C. But modern medical research confirms that certain foods can help cure, prevent, or even cause some diseases.

That is the subject of a new book called Anti-Inflammation Cookbook, by Amanda Haas. Haas is a professional cook.

Before we talk about her book, let’s first talk about inflammation.

Inflammation is a natural response of our immune system. It is a condition in which a part of your body becomes red, swollen 1 and painful.

Neil Bernard is an associate professor of medicine at George Washington University's medical school. When he explains how inflammation affects the human body, it sounds as if he is talking about a war zone.

"It's the body's way to attacking an invader 2. So if bacteria or viruses enter the body, inflammation is a way of knocking them out."

Dr. Bernard also says that when inflammation becomes chronic 3, the body turns against its own tissue. He compares it, again, to war. He uses the term, friendly fire. This is when a soldier accidentally fires upon his own troops.

"It's a biological equivalent of friendly fire. So for example, in rheumatoid arthritis 4, the joints 6 are inflamed 7 and that's not a bacterium 8 that's being attacked, it's the lining 9 of your own joints. That's where inflammation becomes a problem."

Rheumatoid arthritis was one of several conditions that Amanda Haas suffered from. She went to an allergist to try to find out what was wrong with her body. An allergist is a doctor who is an expert in the treatment of allergies 10. And an allergy 11 is a medical problem that causes someone to be sick after eating, touching 12 or breathing something that is harmless to most people.

The allergist suggested that perhaps her health problems were caused by the food she was eating.

"Things like chronic heartburn and stomach pain and back problems. And it was an allergist who said to me one day, Amanda, these are just all different forms of inflammation in your body. I think it's something that you're eating. And since you cook for a living, why don't you go and figure out what's going to make you feel great and share it with other people?'"

And that is what she did. She stopped eating some kinds of sugars and reduced the amount of caffeine she drank.

Haas found that some healthy foods were also causing her some problems. People with joint 5 pain from inflammation, she says, could be sensitive to peppers, tomatoes and eggplants.

Haas is a professional cook. So, she started to look closely at the ingredients she often uses in her recipes.

"… things that we all probably know we shouldn't have too much of, things like refined sugars, too much caffeine. A lot of people (know that) if you have joint and arthritic 13 issues, you can be sensitive to peppers and eggplants and tomatoes. And I had so much to work with.

She uses a lot of green, leafy vegetables, spices and citrus in her cooking to make it anti-inflammatory.

“And I wanted people to understand that eating an anti-inflammatory diet can be delicious, It’s just you're going to be using a lot of green, leafy vegetables as you can get. I use a lot of spices, fresh herbs as well. You'll see me use a lot of citrus and natural sweeteners, like a little honey or maple 14 syrup 15. You wouldn't see me using a lot of refined sugar at all."

In her Anti-Inflammation Cookbook, Haas shares many of her vegan recipes along with others that use animal protein.

A vegan diet does not include any animal meat or animal by-products such as milk or eggs.

She explains that most people who are trying to eat an anti-inflammatory diet will not eat much animal protein. But, she says that grass-fed beef has omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Those are good for the body. 

“I learned so much about grass-fed beef. So, the thing that's so fascinating is that if cattle is grass-fed, the meat has a lot of the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids that we find in salmon 16 and other oily fish that are so good for us. So, most doctors would say 4-ounce portion or less can really be a great part of any inflammatory diet."

One of the author’s favorite recipes in her book is her grandmother’s Country Captain's Chicken. The dish has lots of turmeric, a spice that is known for reducing inflammation in the body. She also uses black pepper in the recipe but not just for flavor. Haas says the black pepper makes it easier for the body to use the turmeric. She calls this “bioavailability.”

“And one little thing to note that's interesting is that turmeric is well-known for being very anti-inflammatory (spice), but to increase the bioavailability of it if you add black pepper it actually becomes more effective.”

Haas even made sweets and desserts healthier by changing the fat she used.

She explains that her Chocolate Coconut 17 Brownies use coconut oil instead of butter. Unrefined, pure coconut oil, she says, can help lower cholesterol 18 levels. And the coconut oil gives the brownies what she calls, “the most incredible texture 19.”

“They have coconut oil in them as the fat source. And you know, we thought coconut oil was bad for us, but that's because it was being so refined. And now we're finding out that good coconut oil can potentially lower our cholesterol. And so they're just these amazing brownies that have the most incredible texture with the coconut oil in them."

Dr. Bernard says he is happy to see more people becoming aware of the importance of healthy eating, especially eating a more plant-based diet.

"We always favor vegan diet, plant-based diet. We want to emphasize some these food as the healthy --nuts or seeds --and getting away of greasy 20 stuff. Unfortunately, the medical world tends to rely on prescriptions 21 and we sometimes neglect things that can be more natural, safer and in the long run, more effective."

Cutting out foods that may be making you sick is one way to make that ancient advice – let food be your medicine – useful in your modern, daily life.

Words in This Story

ingredient – n. one of the things that are used to make a food, product, etc.

recipe – n. a set of instructions for making food

chronic medical : continuing or occurring again and again for a long time

allergist medical : a doctor who is an expert in the treatment of allergies

spice – n. a substance (such as pepper or nutmeg) that is used in cooking to add flavor to food and that comes from a dried plant and is usually a powder or seed

citrus – n. a juicy fruit (such as an orange, grapefruit, or lemon) that has a thick skin and that comes from a tree or shrub 22 that grows in warm areas

honey – n. a thick, sweet substance made by bees

maple syrup – n. a sweet, thick liquid made from the sap of maple trees

refined sugar – n. White and brown table sugars are refined, meaning they have gone through a chemical process that removes impurities 23 and beneficial nutrients 24.

vegan – n. a person who does not eat any food that comes from animals and who often also does not use animal products (such as leather)

bioavailability – n. the degree and rate at which a substance (as a drug) is absorbed into a living system or is made available at the site of physiological 25 activity

potentially – adv. capable of becoming real

texture – n. the way that a food or drink feels in your mouth

greasy – adj. containing or cooked with a large amount of fat

long run – n. a relatively long period of time —usually used in the phrase in the long run