时间:2018-11-29 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

   说到对于英语文章的翻译,其实我们经常会被一种现象搞到无所适从,就是一个句子上来就四五行,再加上一些专业词汇或是难度级别略高的惯用语或是俚语,基本上看懂英文句子就难于上青天了。但是我们有没有想过一个问题就是,为什么英文中长到滔滔不绝的句子随处可见呢?为什么中文里似乎很难看到很长的句子呢?总觉得解决问题的第一步应该是先面对问题和分析问题,那么专家就为考生来分析一下英文中长难句比比皆是的原因。


  其实,英语句子中,凡有名词出现的地方一般都有可能扩展成名词性从句、动词不定式短语、动名词短语等,这就使句子复杂化。此外,动词不定式、分词短语、介词短语、从句等都可以充当定语,动词不定式、分词短语、状语从句、介词短语、独立主格成分等都能充当状语,因此英语的长句很多,通过衔接手段把各部分由主到次地连接起来。汉语强调意合,通常用短句、流水句,逐点交待,层层展开。在英译汉时,英语中较低层次的单位常用汉语中较高层次的单位来表达,英语长句中的分句、甚至短语往往拆分为若干汉语短句,也就是断句。比如:
  例1:
  原文:As he walked away, he turned for one last glimpse of her in the doorway 1, tiny and smiling and waving good-bye.
  译文:当他离开时,他回过头来看了她最后一眼。只见她站在门口,体态娇小,面带微笑,挥手向他告别。
  分析:在in the doorway前断成两个句子,这里是一个意群的结束处。
  例2:
  原文:But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other.(2005年真题)
  译文:然而,如果你尽可能敞开心胸,那么书中那些极细微的精妙之处和暗示都会从开头曲折婉转的语句中显现出来,把你带入一个与众不同的境界。
  分析:英语的一个长短语译为了汉语的分句。
  例3:
  原文:The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity 2 and virtue 3. (2000年真题)
  译文:生命短暂即不圆满,此种观点荒谬无理。评价一个人的一生应当看他给世人留下的影响,他所取得的成就及其个人品质。
  分析:原文可以断为两句,语序安排上也应当跳脱原文限制,第一个分句译为汉语的主题句更合适。
  所以,我们在看到长难句的时候,首先要有断句的概念,一般来讲只要从汉语的语义上讲,语意完整,那么就可以断句。

1 doorway
n.门口,(喻)入门;门路,途径
  • They huddled in the shop doorway to shelter from the rain.他们挤在商店门口躲雨。
  • Mary suddenly appeared in the doorway.玛丽突然出现在门口。
2 intensity
n.强烈,剧烈;强度;烈度
  • I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue.我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
  • The strike is growing in intensity.罢工日益加剧。
3 virtue
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
标签: 考研英语
学英语单词
abacinating
accuracy control
angiotensins
apical placentations
batidaceaes
Baygora
bell-curve
bellite
birdlore
blood tankage
butterbird
cable strand
caravanseraiss
card No. of the user
casenote
child record
clothes don't make the man
CMHCsA
compound mode of sprinkler arrangement
Coryphaenidae
course of fermentation
crispening current
cryptocercids
cuvier c.
Czaplinek
deaken
deformation limit
desordre
determination test
diffusion stasis
disaster-preparedness
double word boundary
earp
eczema stasis
effective lens aperture
enter the scene
equivalent input offset voltage
Ershui Township
establishing-clause
federative database
figure-8 configuration
fire-gilding
foreign body in nose
fresh surface
fucosan
G-tolerance
gets going
gosh darn
heartbond
heterotypical
hierarchical menus
high-strength wire
higher cognitive process
Hluhluwe
hydraw
initial photo interpretation report
interhuman
intradural abscess
Karlsena, Mys
Karman constant
link, digital microwave
lot-tree
luneburg
Mad as a badger
Marquis de Lafayette
molecular tie
momentum principle
mureinlipoprotein
nineteenth century
no better than
non-belief
not do things by halves
Parabrachylaema
penninoes
pirouette
plain stem
play a lone hand
preprint
puccinia caricis-baccantis
pyth
radio-noise burst
rag-roll
rapid access storage
re-sized
saint-cloud
schottky source/drain
schusky
Stroh violin
suppressing agent
swell-shrink characteristics
treasurer's department
turning rule
Uber Micro
unfaiths
unwound core
Vaas
vaginal process of peritoneum
village fair trade
writing pencil
yellow fat cell
Yondon
zaleski