时间:2018-11-29 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

   说到对于英语文章的翻译,其实我们经常会被一种现象搞到无所适从,就是一个句子上来就四五行,再加上一些专业词汇或是难度级别略高的惯用语或是俚语,基本上看懂英文句子就难于上青天了。但是我们有没有想过一个问题就是,为什么英文中长到滔滔不绝的句子随处可见呢?为什么中文里似乎很难看到很长的句子呢?总觉得解决问题的第一步应该是先面对问题和分析问题,那么专家就为考生来分析一下英文中长难句比比皆是的原因。


  其实,英语句子中,凡有名词出现的地方一般都有可能扩展成名词性从句、动词不定式短语、动名词短语等,这就使句子复杂化。此外,动词不定式、分词短语、介词短语、从句等都可以充当定语,动词不定式、分词短语、状语从句、介词短语、独立主格成分等都能充当状语,因此英语的长句很多,通过衔接手段把各部分由主到次地连接起来。汉语强调意合,通常用短句、流水句,逐点交待,层层展开。在英译汉时,英语中较低层次的单位常用汉语中较高层次的单位来表达,英语长句中的分句、甚至短语往往拆分为若干汉语短句,也就是断句。比如:
  例1:
  原文:As he walked away, he turned for one last glimpse of her in the doorway 1, tiny and smiling and waving good-bye.
  译文:当他离开时,他回过头来看了她最后一眼。只见她站在门口,体态娇小,面带微笑,挥手向他告别。
  分析:在in the doorway前断成两个句子,这里是一个意群的结束处。
  例2:
  原文:But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other.(2005年真题)
  译文:然而,如果你尽可能敞开心胸,那么书中那些极细微的精妙之处和暗示都会从开头曲折婉转的语句中显现出来,把你带入一个与众不同的境界。
  分析:英语的一个长短语译为了汉语的分句。
  例3:
  原文:The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity 2 and virtue 3. (2000年真题)
  译文:生命短暂即不圆满,此种观点荒谬无理。评价一个人的一生应当看他给世人留下的影响,他所取得的成就及其个人品质。
  分析:原文可以断为两句,语序安排上也应当跳脱原文限制,第一个分句译为汉语的主题句更合适。
  所以,我们在看到长难句的时候,首先要有断句的概念,一般来讲只要从汉语的语义上讲,语意完整,那么就可以断句。

1 doorway
n.门口,(喻)入门;门路,途径
  • They huddled in the shop doorway to shelter from the rain.他们挤在商店门口躲雨。
  • Mary suddenly appeared in the doorway.玛丽突然出现在门口。
2 intensity
n.强烈,剧烈;强度;烈度
  • I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue.我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
  • The strike is growing in intensity.罢工日益加剧。
3 virtue
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力
  • He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
  • You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。
标签: 考研英语
学英语单词
about facing
acoustic output unit
ancillary relief
angle of collimation
animal protection
annect
aporina delafondi
arch-abdomen dam
automatic diesel generating set
bacillus
bathypelagic fauna
blazed grating
bourbon red turkey
breakevens
cabbeling
calibration error
Castelan
chaulmoogrol
cobbling
combining capacity
Corlea
creedy
cullar de baza
data reconciliation
deadhand
deck load certification
dissolved pore
Dormigca
esquire
European thimbleweed
evaders
exchange traded product
executing block
faddity
float grass
format line
frequency multiplier circuit
Gaiaist
give heart to
hydraulic hitch system with unloading function
Hyphochytriomycota
in a word
irreducible algebraic equation
Kocher fracture
Kodisjoki
labial laminae
laser head assembly
lasting machine
least significant byte
libriums
lie in someone's way
line key
local thermal runaway
lone-pairs
Mamabula
Maxwellisation
microstelma japonica
mueshihange
navire
off board price
oil quenching bath
order and confirmation
orthoguarinite
parrot's peach
pastry store
pat down
PHLA
Pleasanton
post-tragus
potassium content
price waterhouse&co.
product assurance
pseudothiourea
Ranunculus oreionannos
re-copper
recovery phase
rootogram
sashless
scheeles
scraper roller
senescence phase
silicon dioxide powder
solid-state study
spelaeologies
staypole
straw ware
synchronized wave
tawz
telecommunications facility provider
theory of pay
time trials
to maintain
transbooster
transmitted pulse envelope
trapezoidal steel box girder
treux
tunica adventitia (vesicul? seminalis)
umbrella convention
unit connection
wind-fallen
wing-control missile
word power