时间:2018-12-12 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

   【编者按】被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。让我们一起来学习一下吧!


  被动语态在英语中的使用得比汉语要多,在英语中极为重要。考研中常常涉及到这个问题。一般说来,当强调动作承受者,不必说出执行者或的执行者含糊不清时,多用被动语态。
  一、主动和被动语态的对比:
  二、翻译时有以下几种翻译方法:
  ①译成汉语被动句:使用"被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为……所"等词。
  ②增加主语,即动作的实际发出者,或虚拟发出者。
  ③译成汉语无主句
  另外还有一些常用被动句型的习惯译法,需要平时积累,比如:
  It is hoped that... 希望……,有人希望……
  It is assumed 1 that... 假设……,假定……
  It is claimed that... 据说……,有人主张……
  It is believed that... 有人相信……,大家相信……
  It is reported that... 据报道……,据通报……
  It is considered that... 人们认为……,据估计……
  It is said that... 据说……,有人说……
  【真题例句】
  It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be required by a sort of special training.
  【解析】
  It is imagined by many //that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, //and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.
  主句:it is imagined,其中it为形式主语,而that引导的 that the operations... compared with these processes和that they have to ... special training是并列的主语从句,为真正的主语。原文中有三个被动语态is imagined,be compared和be required,译成汉语都变成了主动表达:"认为"、"相比"和"掌握"。具体为:
  (1)It is imagined by many 此处是"It+被动语态+that"形式的处理,译为"很多人认为"。
  (2)that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, 此处所用的是译成汉语主动句的处理方法,并保存原文主语译为"普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些思维过程(科学家的思维过程)相比"。
  (3)and that they have to be required by a sort of special training 此处所用的是译成汉语被动句的处理方法,译为"认为这些思维过程是必须由某种专门训练才能掌握"。
  【参考译文】
  许多人以为,普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些思维过程(科学家的思维过程)相比,认为这些思维过程是必须由某种专门训练才能掌握。

标签: 考研英语
学英语单词
.cdf
a shot in the locker
Adam's cup
adjacent region
adjusted loss
AF input impedance
auxiliary condenser
bromphenol
budget dirigism
Caurus
cheek muscle
China leasing
chirosporous
Chocope, R.
closed user group interlock code
computer-adaptive
concentric cylinder
cool heads prevail
coproducers
cross section of flow
curling side guide
cuticolour
EDPS (electronic data processing system)
education training
facing edger
fidei-commissum
fragmentariness
frer
fsas
gain and loss account
Habenaria rostellifera
heat supply network
hicore
high-draft spinning frame
hyperfructosaemia
iconolatric
industrial mobilization
interaction constant
Ishmaelite
keyword from title index
khurasan (khorasan)
kieser
life coaches
ligamenta umbilicale laterale
linesider
live your life
louis ixes
Luxemburg phenomena
m-nitrobenzenediazonlum-tetra-fluoroborate
maakite (hydrohalite)
mentorship
micro-micro-henry
mohamud
multi-feed rib machine
musicianships
non-farms
nonentomologist
pantomorphic
pentanizer
pocket dictionary
porous channel
precompetition psychological state
predrought
progressive ledger
purring thrill
response spectrum analysis
Rhynchoelaps australis
rolls
Rubus rosifolius
Sasa hubeiensis
schizanhenrin
sea cave
seafoam salad
shade of blue
shergold
ship-to-shore movement
similarities strategy
slider support
south side
spacelight
spring gold
starter terminal cover
static firing
steye
sygle
Tabit
taijin kyofusho
the green - eyed monster
throttle down
tong oil
toolbox
totem-pole output
traif
trip-trap
trisulphated
vendians
visual illusion
wald's classification statistic
yellow enzymes
Zamora, R.
zebrafish
zygomatico-orbital