时间:2018-12-12 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2009年(六月)


英语课

A United Nations court has sentenced a former interior minister of Rwanda to a 30-year prison term for his role in that country's 1994 genocide. Callixte Kalimanzira was convicted on charges of genocide and incitement 1 to commit genocide.


"The trial chamber 2 finds unanimously in respect of Callixte Kalimanzira as follows. Count one: guilty of genocide. Count two: dismissed. Count three: guilty of direct and public incitement to commit genocide," said Judge Dennis Byron, head of a three-judge panel, as he announced the decision of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.
 
Former Rwandan Interior Minister Callixte Kalimanzira at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in Arusha, Tanzania on 14 Nov 2005 (file)


The U.N.-sponsored court, based in Arusha, Tanzania, convicted Callixte Kalimanzira, 58, on charges of genocide and "direct and public incitement to commit genocide". Kalimanzira had been close to both Rwanda's president and prime minister at the time of the 1994 genocide.


According to the court, Kalimanzira did not kill anyone directly, but rather directed thousands of ethnic 3 Tutsis to a hill near Butare, Rwanda's second city in the south of the country, offering food and safety. He then supervised an attack by militias 4 on the location, and ordered police and military reinforcements, according to the 2005 indictment 5.


The judges also said Kalimanzara abused the influence and trust of his role as a high-ranking official.


"The influence he derived 6 from this and his important status within the ministry 7 of the interior made it likely that others would follow his example, which is an aggravating 8 factor," Judge Byron said. "Most significantly by encouraging Tutsi refugees to gather at Kibuye Hill, where he knew they would be killed in thousands. He abused the public's trust that he like other officials would protect them."


He was also found guilty of publicly inciting 9 genocide on multiple occasions in April and May 1994. However, the judges denied the prosecution's request for a life sentence, the maximum allowed under the tribunal.


Kalimanzira was arrested in 2005, after an indictment by the court. His time served will be credited towards his sentence. His trial began in May of 2008.


Over 800,000 people, most of them Tutsis, were killed over a 100-day period in 1994.


The international tribunal, established in November 1994 by the U.N. Security Council to try those most responsible for orchestrating the genocide, is scheduled to finish at the end of the year, but the court has asked for additional time. So far, the court has produced 38 decisions, including six acquittals.



1 incitement
激励; 刺激; 煽动; 激励物
  • incitement to racial hatred 种族仇恨的挑起
  • Interest is an incitement to study. 兴趣刺激学习。
2 chamber
n.房间,寝室;会议厅;议院;会所
  • For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说,牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
  • The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。
3 ethnic
adj.人种的,种族的,异教徒的
  • This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏,这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
  • The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。
4 militias
n.民兵组织,民兵( militia的名词复数 )
  • The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
  • The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网
5 indictment
n.起诉;诉状
  • He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。
  • They issued an indictment against them.他们起诉了他们。
6 derived
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
  • Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 ministry
n.(政府的)部;牧师
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
8 aggravating
adj.恼人的,讨厌的
  • How aggravating to be interrupted! 被打扰,多令人生气呀!
  • Diesel exhaust is particularly aggravating to many susceptible individuals. 许多体质敏感的人尤其反感柴油废气。
9 inciting
刺激的,煽动的
  • What are you up to inciting mutiny and insubordination? 你们干吗在这里煽动骚动的叛乱呀。
  • He was charged with inciting people to rebel. 他被控煽动民众起来叛乱。
学英语单词
adiabatic decomposition temperature
alchin
ante-ambulate
arctic air
auto-associative
aviation specification isopropyl nitrate (monofuel)
baus
binary opposition
brickell
cannonball fungi
Castlereagh B.
chapling
Chusovskoy Rayon
clued on
collimation correction
constraint term
continuous electrode
Cooper pair
crabling
datlong
decomposed products
delirio
Dioscorea gracillima
directivenesses
donau cool period
ehrlichin
electric magnetic chuck
epaule
epidehydroandrosterone
Euopocephalus
euth
expoundable
exsurgence
film flow
flange tee
genus megadermas
genus Volvox
hATRE
heterogeneous classification
hypouricosuria
isocyanoethane
K'obo
Kayseri
keet
Khutudabiga
kibel
lipopeptid
locksful
logarithmotechny
mathematical machine theory
micro-incineration
minor cartilages
mold crack
motor driven layer radiographic X-ray apparatus
nanowebers
nasrallahs
negative diageotropism
non-olfactory
nonreversible
nonsampled
not-quite-right
order mantophasmatodea
order Ostracodermi
outkilled
owner-builders
pathwayz
Picrinine
play the Jack
predesigned order
presidy
pressure polymerization pot
production index unit cost
put little stock in
quebecs
Radomskie, Województwo
Raposa
rawley
re-arrive
security firms
semises
service conversation
set horizontal format
shalcross
short range aids
solid rubber tyre
soybean milk powder
Speak of the devil .
sunralin
supervision and administration
T Rex
thrust forth into
thumos
twining stem
view-point
viral hepatitis type E
visus brevior
void effect
Wallace, Alfred Russel
warmup jackets
wastur
wide spectral range
World Wide Web