新概念英语第二册lesson 55 Not a gold mine

   Lesson 55:Not a gold mine  并非金矿

    First listen and then answer the question.

    听录音，然后回答以下问题。

    What did the team find?

    Dreams of finding 1 lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called 'The Revealer 3' has been invented and it has been used to detect 4 gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where -- it is said -- pirates 5 used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure. The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machine showed that there was gold under the ground. Very excited, the party dug a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless 6. The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly 7 but did not find anything except an empty tin trunk. In spite 8 of this, many people are confident that 'The Revealer' may reveal 2 something of value fairly soon.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

gold  n. 金子

mine  n. 矿

treasure  n. 财宝

revealer  n. 探测器

invent  v. 发明

detect  v. 探测

bury  v. 埋藏

cave  n. 山洞

seashore  n. 海岸

pirate  n. 海盗

arm  v. 武装

soil  n. 泥土

entrance  n. 入口

finally  adv. 最后

worthless  adj. 毫无价值的

thoroughly  adv. 彻底地

trunk  n. 行李箱

confident  adj. 有信心的

value  n. 价值

参考译文

    最近，找到失踪宝藏的梦想差一点儿变成现实。一种叫“探宝器”的新机器已经发明出来，并被人们用来探测地下埋藏的金子。在靠近海边的一个据说过去海盗常在里面藏金子的岩洞里，这种机器被派上了用场。海盗们过去常把金子埋藏在那个洞里，可后来却没能取走。一支用这种新机器装备起来的探宝队进入了这个岩洞，希望找到埋藏着的金子。当这个队的队长正在检查洞口附近的土壤时，那台机器显示出它的下面埋有金子。队员们异常激动，就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑，但最后找到的是一枚几乎一钱不值的小金币。队员们接着又把整个洞彻底搜寻了一遍，但除了一只空铁皮箱外什么也没找到。尽管如此，很多人仍然相信“探宝器”很快就会探出值钱的东西来。

新概念英语正版图书购买

　　自学导读

1．once a year,每年一次。

once+表示时间的名词可以表示“每……一次”：

The postman calls once a day.

邮递员每天来一次。

2．A lot of cars entered for this race last year…去年有很多汽车参加了这项比赛……

enter for表示“报名参加”。（cf．第8课词汇学习）

3．Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part.该车造于1885年，是参赛车中最老的一辆。

built引导的过去分词短语起状语的作用，说明动作发生的背景或情况。主句可以补全为it was the oldest car taking part in the race。

4．Many of the cars broke down on the course…很多汽车在途中就抛了锚……

break down为固定短语，其含义之一是“（机械等）出故障”、“出毛病”：

This morning I was late for work, because my car broke down twice.

今天上午我上班迟到了，因为我的车坏了两次。

5．The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour----much faster than any of its rivals 9.获胜的那辆车达到了时速40英里——远远超过任何对手。

（1）winning为现在分词作定语：

Those of the winning team jumped happily.

获胜队的队员们高兴地跳着。

（2）表示速度为多少时可用a speed of+数量词这个结构：

You must have been driving at a speed of seventy miles an hour.

你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度在开车。

（3）破折号后面的部分补充说明这个速度。much是用得较多的

与比较级连用的修饰语：

Houses are much more expensive these days.

如今的房价贵多了。

6．It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.它在接近终点时，冲下了山坡，驾驶员费了好大劲才把车停下来。

（1）speed作不及物动词时可以表示“疾驶”、“急行”等含义：

The police car sped past us.

警车从我们身边疾驶而过。

The two men sped out of the room.

那两个人快步走出了房间。

（2）表示“在……的末尾／最后部分”时可以用at the end of这个短语：

I'll return the books to you at the end of the week/ month.

我周／月末时把书还给你。

He spoke 10 a few words at the end of the meeting.

会议结束时他说了几句话。

（3）表示“做某事遇到麻烦／困难”时可以用have trouble doing sth. ：

They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire.

他们在查找起火原因时遇到了一些困难。

　　语法 Grammar in use

1．使用the same as和different from的比较结构

在第32课的语法中，我们学习了用as…as和not so／as…as表示比较；在第8课的语法中，我们学习了形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法：

表示比较的另外两种方法是用短语the same(…)as和different from。the same(…)as表示“与……相同／同样”：

Our TV is the same as yours.

我们的电视和你们的一样。

You've made the same mistake as Tom.

你和汤姆犯了同样的错误。

有时the same可以单独使用，不带as：

Those two dresses are the same.

那两件衣服一样。

different from表示“与……不同”，different前面可加very, much, a little等修饰语：

We're planning something different this year from what we did last year.

我们今年计划做些与去年不同的事。

German cars are quite different from Japanese cars.

德国（造的）汽车与日本（造）的很不一样。

2．much与many的其他表达方式

在第32课的语法中，我们学习了little和few的用法，知道在口语中多用not much, not many代替：

There isn't much sugar/aren't many sweets, but you can have a little/few.

糖/糖果不多了，不过你可以来一点/吃几块。

（1）much和many通常用于否定句和疑问句（正式文体除外）。在日常谈话中，我们通常避免在肯定句中使用much和many，而用别的数量词。口语中用得最多的表示“许多”的数量词是a lot of（常被认为不宜用在正式的场合），它既可以与复数可数名词连用也可以与不可数名词连用，后面的动词用单数还是复数取决于名词：

A lot of time is needed to do this work.

做这项工作需要很多时间。

A lot of books have been stolen.

许多书被盗了。

比a lot of正式一些的表达方式有：a great/good deal of+不可数名词，a great/good/large number of+复数名词，a great/good many of+复数名词。

A great/good deal of money is spent on food.

在食物上花了很多钱。

A great/good number of our students are Americans.

我们的学生中有许多是美国人。

Tom doesn't read much, but Ian reads a great deal/a lot.

汤姆读书不多，但伊恩读得很多。

（2）在what引导的感叹句中不用 much/many:

　　词汇学习Word study

1．handsome, beautiful, pretty与good-looking

这些单词都可以表示“美”，但含义和用法各不相同。handsome 通常用来形容男子，表示“漂亮的”、“英俊的”； beautiful表示“美的”、“给人美感的”、“令人愉悦的”、“完美的”等含义，多用于形容女子、孩童、花草、服饰等，不用来形容男子的长相；pretty表示“漂亮的”、“可爱的”、“令人怜爱的”等含义，多用于女子、孩子等；good-looking表示容貌“标致的”、“美貌的”、“好看的”，男女均适用，它所表示的美通常不及beautiful所表示的：

Dan is a handsome/good-looking young man.

丹是个英俊的/很帅的小伙子。

Mary is a beautiful/good-looking/pretty girl.

玛丽是个美丽的/好看的/漂亮的姑娘。

2．reach与arrive in/at

（1）reach表示“到达”、“达到”。表示抵达某地时通常为及物动词，比arrive in/at要正式：

When did you reach London?

你们何时抵达伦敦的？

reach适用的范围比较广，不仅仅限于地点，作不及物动词的情况较少：

When you reach my age, you'll be able to understand it.

等你到我这个年龄时，你就可以理解了。

Can you get that book down for me please? I can't reach it.

请你帮我把那本书拿下来好吗？我够不着。

（2）arrive为不及物动词，表示“到达”、“抵达”。它既可以单独使用，也可以与介词连用。在表示到达某个较大的地方时用arrive in, 到达某个较小的地方/场所用arrive at, 这由说话者决定：

When I arrived at the station, the train had already gone.

我到车站时，那列火车已经开走了。

3．take part与take place

（1）固定短语take part(in)表示“参加”、“参与”：

It was the oldest car taking part.

它是参赛车中最老的一辆。

How many of you are taking part in the play?

你们当中有多少人参加了这个剧的演出？

I didn't take part in their conversation.

我没有加入他们的谈话。

（2）take place也是个固定短语，表示“发生”、“进行”、“举行”：

All these took place before you were born.

所有这些都发生在你出生之前。

The Olympic Games will take place in our country in four years' time.

4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举办。

　　练习答案Key to written exercises

1．关键句型练习答案

A One of the most handsome cars(1.3); The most unusual car (1.4); the oldest car(1.5); more time under their cars than in them (11.7-8); much faster than any of…(1.9)；but no less exciting (than modern car races) (1.11)

2．难点练习答案

a They have some very handsome antique 11 furniture.

Switzerland is a very beautiful country.

She was a very pretty baby, but she's quite plain now.

They make a very good-looking couple.

b Can you reach the top of that cupboard?

They arrived at the station just in time.

c Are you taking part in the new play?

The meeting took place in Paris last week.

3．多项选择题答案

1 c  2 a  3 c  4 c  5 a  6 c

7 a  8 b  9 b  10 c  11 c  12 c

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★gold　n. 金子

gold/golden

sth.be made of gold

gold watch

gold ring

golden sun

Slience is golden.

golden : 金色的; 宝贵的

golden opportunity

golden sentence

I am honoured to have the opportuntiy to do sth.

I am glad to have the golden opporturity to stay with you.

　　【Special difficulties】

Exercise

b:

No.1

all...is not...不是所有的

All that glitters 12 is not gold.

部分否定

not all

Slience is golden

goldfish

众口铄金

platinum 13 铂金

treasure

Treasure Island

jewel　jewelry 14 总称

I have some jewels/some jewelry

people/police/cattle

treasure

jewel　 jewelry

diamond

jade 15　　 jade Palace

★mine　n. 矿

★treasure　n. 财宝

★revealer　n. 探测器

reveal　揭示

★invent　v. 发明

invention　n.

★detect　v. 探测

detective　侦探

★bury　v. 埋藏

★cave　n. 山洞

★seashore　n. 海岸

★pirate　n. 海盗

★arm　v. 武装

army

hold one's arm

Farewell ! Arms

Soldiers should be armed well.

The youth should be armed with knowledge.

be covered with

The teacher should be patient.

The teacher should be armed with patience.

★soil　n. 泥土

soil/earth

earth 泥土

soil 土壤

★entrance　n. 入口

exit 出口

entrance of/entrance to

★finally　adv. 最后

★worthless　adj. 毫无价值的

★thoroughly　adv. 彻底地

completely/thoroughly/totally

★trunk　n. 行李箱

★confident　adj. 有信心的

confidence n.

be confident of doing sth.

be confident that

★value　n. 价值

　　【课文讲解】

Dreams come true

Dreams ended

Dream of

dream of doing sth.

I dream of flying in the sky.

Dream of flying in the sky comes true.

一句话只有一个动词，如果再出现动词，可以用and并列连接，也可以变成复合句用when,because连接，还可以使这个动词表示动词意思，但不做谓语，即非谓语动词

过去分词做定语表示＂被＂

ploughed field

n.+ called

The plane called a "Pilatus Porter 16"

如果用短语修饰其它词，则把短语放在被修饰词的后边

be used to do　 被用来

used to do

同位语从句中的引导词只要一个　that

under the ground

it is said 是插入语　＂据说＂

used to 常常

where 修饰　cave

where ; in which 在那儿

This is the river where I swim

would 一般表示从过去看将来，但此处表示＂used to＂过去常做

She is the girl who is my sister

She is a girl. She is my sister. 变复杂为简单

be armed with

went into the cave

hoping to find

They were armed with

They went to

They hoped to find

如果几个句子的主语是同一事物，则可以把几个句子并为一个句子

在把握中心句子的前提下，注意其它成分的合成，如果是主动关系，用ing形式，保留一个句子做主句，其它的变成非谓语动词

非谓语动词采用何种形式，则根据其与主语的关系，如果是主动关系，用ing形式，如果是被动关系，则用动词的ed形式

主句与其它句子的位置安排要保持句子的平衡，还要注意动作的连贯。

The boy went home.

The boy was crying.

The boy was beaten.

Beaten by sb,the boy went home,crying.

armed with / hoping to find

entrance to / of

under the ground

Tired , I went home.

I went home tired.

形容词短语做状语

Tired of......

two feet deep 数词＋量词＋形容词

long/wide/high/deep

tall

I am five years old.

数词＋量词＋形容词结构可以做定语；也可以做表语

The street is wide.

The street is five meters wide.

离名词最近的形容词是最被强调的

in spite of 尽管

though / even if

something of value

of 加名词往往让人联想这名词对应的形容词

of value = valuable

形容词要放在不定代词的后边

something important

something of importance

someone patient

someone of patience

of value = valuable

of small value

Multiple choice questions】

Structure

3.

介词后面要加v+ing 形式

被用来做某事，有两种表达方式：

如果跟名词相连说　be used for

如果跟动词相连说　be used to do + v

be used for + v + ing

4.　D

两个句子中间必须加and,but等连词，或是用句号隔开

１．一句话中只有一个主语，一个动词，叫简单句

２．出现两个以上的动词要用连词连接

３．两个句子可以是主从句

４．可以把一个动词用作谓语动词，而把其它的动词改装为非谓语动词

７ c

deeply adv.

depth　n.

deep　 adj.

down　 adv.

8　ａ

machine 　机器　可数名词

engine　　发动机

machinery 17 机器总称，一般后边不会加-s,前边也不会加a　　不可数

mechanic 18　技师

revealer　推测器

of value = valuable

of small value = worthless 不值钱的

of great value　非常值钱的

Summary writing】

１．machine 作为先行词，it指代machine, 会被which所取代

２．Using this machine,the search party tried to find the gold in a cave near the seashore.

3.Although they examined the cave thoroughly,they only found a small gold coin which was worthless.

although 会引导让步状语从句，which 会引导一个定语从句

4. however 放句首中都可以，要用逗号隔开