时间:2018-12-08 作者:英语课 分类:电信英语


英语课
 

  Data Communication Systems


  There are five basic types of data communication system:


  Off-line data transmission is simply the use of a telephone or similar link to transmit data without involving a computer system.The equipment used at both ends of such a link is not part of a computer, or at least does not immediately make the data available for computer process, that is, the data when sent and/or received are 'off-line'. This type of data communication is relatively 1 cheap and simple.


  Remote batch 2 is the term used for the way in which data communication technology is used geographically 3 to separate the input 4 and /or output of data from the computer on which they are processed in batch mode.


  On-line data collection is the method of using communications technology to provide input data to a computer as such input arises-the data are then stored in the computer(say on a magnetic disk)and processed either at predetermined intervals 5 or as required.


  Enquiry-response systems provide, as the term suggests, the facility for a user to extract information from a computer.The enquiry facility is passive, that is, does not modify the information stored.The interrogation may be simple, for example, 'RETRIEVE 6 THE RECORD FOR EMPLOYEE NUMBER 1234' or complex.Such systems may use terminals producing hard copy and /or visual displays.


  Real-time systems are those in which information is made available to and processed by a computer system in a dynamic manner so that either the computer may cause action to be taken to influence events as they occur(for example as in a process control application)or human operators may be influenced by the accurate and up-to-date information stored in the computer, for example as in reservation systems.




  有五种基本的数据通信系统:


  脱机数据传输是简单地利用电话或类似的链路来传输数据,不包括计算机系统。这样一条链路两端所使用的设备不是计算机的部件,或至少不是立刻把数据提供给计算机处理,即数据在发送或接收时是脱机的。这种数据通信相对来说比较便宜和简单。


  远程批处理一词适用于这样一种方法:采用数据通信技术来使数据的输入和输出在地理上远离按批处理模式处理处理它们的计算机。


  联机数据收集指的是用数据通信技术来向计算机即时提供刚产生的输入数据这种方法。数据于是存储在计算机里(比如磁盘上),并按预定时间间隔或者根据需要进行处理。


  询问——应答系统,顾名思义,是为用户提供从计算机提取信息的功能。询问功能是被动的。也就是说,它不修改所存储的信息。提问可以很简单,例如:"检索雇员号码为1234的记录"也可以是复杂的。这类系统可能要使用能产生硬拷贝和(或)可视显示的终端。


  实时系统是这样一类系统,其中计算机系统是在动态情况下取得和处理信息,以便可使计算机采取动作来影响正在发生的事件(比如在过程控制应用中)或者可通过存储在计算机里的准确且不断更新的信息来影响人(操作员),比如在预售系统中。



1 relatively
adv.比较...地,相对地
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
2 batch
n.一批(组,群);一批生产量
  • The first batch of cakes was burnt.第一炉蛋糕烤焦了。
  • I have a batch of letters to answer.我有一批信要回复。
3 geographically
adv.地理学上,在地理上,地理方面
  • Geographically, the UK is on the periphery of Europe. 从地理位置上讲,英国处于欧洲边缘。 来自辞典例句
  • All these events, however geographically remote, urgently affected Western financial centers. 所有这些事件,无论发生在地理上如何遥远的地方,都对西方金融中心产生紧迫的影响。 来自名作英译部分
4 input
n.输入(物);投入;vt.把(数据等)输入计算机
  • I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。
  • All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。
5 intervals
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息
  • The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴,有阵雨。
  • Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。
6 retrieve
vt.重新得到,收回;挽回,补救;检索
  • He was determined to retrieve his honor.他决心恢复名誉。
  • The men were trying to retrieve weapons left when the army abandoned the island.士兵们正试图找回军队从该岛撤退时留下的武器。
学英语单词
absorption reaction rate
abuse of law
acrobatic show
Aleksandrinka
Allo-PBSCT
application workspace
arbitrally
blinking method of stereoscopic viewing
brass watch case blank
Chilean tinamous
cixiid
clap-hand
common laburnum
compartment hot well
compartmentalised
conductivity
contra-cyclical measures
Coquimbo owl
cross platform
cyclotheric sedimentation
dc data set
determinable freeholds
diacetylurea
dicumarols
elasto-aerodynamics
erosional vacuity
erotematic
final thermomechanicaltreatment
Gamu
general most favoured nation clause
glory of the snow
green goodss
gyroso-
hally
haylee
hofners
hydrated stock
hyperthite
idiologism
in the jug
incidental cost
ioduretted
items sample
keep on trucking
kindjals
koevoets
laminated clay
Lasianthus formosensis
leveling off
macro-observation
magmatic circulation
marine windscreen
mGal, mgal
moisture measurer for sand and stone
muscle scars
N.C.
nbcc
nobeliums
nuclenoic
NuLab
on-state characteristic
peritoneal tap
phthioic acid
plate mangle
prends
prevention of collision
prolmon tablet
pyramidal cells
raw mast
reactor coolant system cold leg isolation valve
Regranex
relative-entropy
reliability index of generating system
risto
Rubus chiliadenus
sit down to
solti
standard reference materials
starch ester
static stability margin
stochastic procss
strict secrecy
stupiditarian
superior characters
switching pulse
symbiotic action
synedra undulata
synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer
systematic production of substitution lines
thuggish
total corneal transplantation
total variation decreasing scheme
Tuamarina
twin-screw conveyor
TWTA
ultraviolet radiations
unintentional nonlinearity
unquietous
wassily chair
wax string
y.m