VOA慢速英语2018 研究:运动量不足会导致重大疾病

Study: Not Enough Exercise Leads to Sickness

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

你正在收听的是美国之音英语学习节目健康和生活方式报告。

About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise. That represents about one-fourth of the world's adult population.

全球约14亿人运动量不足。这个数字代表了全球约四分之一的成年人口。

Those numbers come from the United Nations' World Health Organization (WHO). A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and other health problems. These problems include type 2 diabetes 1, dementia and even some cancers.

这些数字来自联合国世界卫生组织（世卫组织）。世卫组织的一份报告告诫到：缺乏锻炼大大地增加了患心血管疾病和其它健康问题的风险，这些健康问题包括二型糖尿病（原名叫成人发病型糖尿病）、痴呆症，甚至某些癌症。

The WHO says the new study is the first to estimate physical activity trends around the world over time. A report on the study was published earlier this month in The Lancet.

世卫组织表示，新研究是全球首个对过去体育活动趋势的预估。这项研究报告于本月初发表在《柳叶刀》杂志上。

Researchers looked at 358 population-based studies between 2001 and 2016. Those studies involved nearly 2 million people in 168 countries.

研究人员查阅了2001年到2016年间的358个基于人群的研究。这些研究涉及了168个国家的近二百万人。

The researchers wrote that the "availability of data across income groups and regions was spread fairly evenly." They said the exception is in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Nearly half of the countries had no data on activity levels.

研究人员写到：“各收入阶层和地区的可用数据分布得相当均匀”。他们表示，拉美和加勒比地区除外，这两地近半数的地区没有活动量相关的数据。

In a statement, the WHO said that many people are not moving around enough and this is a cause for concern.

在一份声明文件中，世卫组织表示，许多人的活动量不足，这是一个值得关注的问题。

Activity levels depend on many things.

活动程度却决于许多方面。

For example, take sex. Except for East and Southeast Asia, women are less active than men in all other areas of the world.

比如性别。除了东亚和东南亚地区之外，全球其它所有地区的女性都不如男性的活动量大。

Regina Guthold was the lead author of the report. She says the study also found a wide range of physical activity levels for countries around the world. She notes that some nations appeared to be more active than others.

里贾纳·古特尔德是该报告的主要作者。她说，这项研究还发现，世界各国的身体活动水平也各不相同。她指出，某些民族似乎比其它民族的人更好动。

Ranging from as low as six percent in Uganda and Mozambique to 67 percent in Kuwait. Four countries had a prevalence 2 of inactivity of over 50 percent. That's Kuwait, America Samoa, Saudi Arabia and Iraq. And this all refers to the year 2016.

“（民众不运动率）从低如乌干达和莫桑比克的6%，到高如科威特的67%不等。普遍不运动率高于50%的四个国家分别是科威特、美属萨摩亚群岛、沙特阿拉伯和伊拉克。所有数据引用自2016年。”

Another factor is a person's wealth. The report notes that people in wealthier countries generally are more inactive than those in other countries.

另一个因素是人的财富。报告指出，较富裕国家的国民往往比其他国家的人更不好动。

The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in wealthy countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages. In wealthier countries, people are more likely to spend time sitting in offices. They are also more likely to use computers and electronic devices for recreational activities and to travel long distances.

报告称，富裕国家民众身体不运动率是那些收入较低国家民众不运动率的两倍多。在较富裕的国家，大家更有可能在办公室度日。他们更有可能将电脑和电子设备或长途旅行作为消遣。

The report notes that people in poorer countries often do more physical labor 3. They are also less likely to use motorized vehicles. This leads to being more physically 4 active.

报告指出，较贫穷国家的人们往往做更多的体力劳动。他们也不太可能使用机动车辆。这就使得他们的身体活动量更大。

How much activity should we get?

我们应该保持多大的运动量？

To stay healthy, the report suggests that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.

为了保持健康，报告建议大家每周至少做150分钟强度适中的运动或者75分钟的剧烈运动。

It also urges governments to provide and care for infrastructure 5, such as better and safer roads. This would help support increased walking and cycling for transportation, as well as sports and physical recreation.

报告同时还敦促各国政府提供和养护基础设施，比如为民众铺设更好、更安全的道路。这将有助于鼓励更多人步行或骑自行车，以及进行更多体育和运动休闲活动。

There are also many things people can do for themselves.

人们还可以做许多其它事来提高运动量。。

If you work in a high-rise office building, take the stairs instead of an elevator or escalator. Go for a walk during your lunch break. Take more breaks during the work day and move around. If your workplace offers a gym -- a place to work out -- or exercise classes, make sure to use them.

如果你在一幢高层办公楼里上班，你可以爬楼梯而不是搭电梯或自动扶梯。午休时间去散个步。工作日多中场休息，四处走动一下。如果你的工作场所提供了健身房，一个锻炼场所或运动课程，你一定要参加。

At home, take walks with your family or friends after dinner. Take classes such as kickboxing or yoga. Do your own yard and house work. Join an activity that you can do with a group, such as biking or boating.

在家中，饭后与家人或朋友去散步。参加跆拳道或瑜伽等课程。收拾自己的院子或整理你的房间。加入一个可以与一群人一同进行的活动，比如骑车活动或划船活动。

Go dancing with friends. Exercise or stretch as you watch television at night.

和朋友一起跳舞。晚上看电视的时候，做些锻炼或拉伸。

And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.

以上就是今天的健康与生活方式报告。

Words in This Story

trend – n. a general direction of change : a way of behaving, proceeding 6, etc., that is developing and becoming more common

data – n. facts or information used usually to calculate, analyze 7, or plan something

income – n. money that is earned from work, investments, business, etc.

region – n. a part of a country, of the world, etc., that is different or separate from other parts in some way

factor – n. something that helps produce or influence a result : one of the things that cause something to happen

author – n. a person who has written something

range – n. a series of numbers that includes the highest and lowest possible amounts — usually singular

prevalence – n. accepted, done, or happening often or over a large area at a particular time : common or widespread

refer – v. to look at or in (something) for information : to have a direct connection or relationship to (something)

cycling – n. to ride a bicycle