VOA慢速英语2014 美国航空航天局测试新的航天飞船

AS IT IS 2014-12-06 NASA Test Launches Its New Orion Spacecraft 美国航空航天局测试新的航天飞船

The United States plans to launch a new spacecraft on Thursday. The National Aeronautics 1 and Space Administration plans to launch the Orion spacecraft from Cape 2 Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. The flight is expected to last four and one-half hours. The spacecraft is designed to carry people into space. But no astronauts will be on Orion. NASA scientists will use the flight to test the launch, control and reentry systems of the new exploration vehicle.

美国计划在周二发射一艘新飞船。美国航空航天局计划从弗罗里达的卡纳维尔角空军基地发射“猎户座”太空飞船，试飞预计持续四个半小时。设计这艘飞船是为了将人送入太空。但是这次“猎户座”太空飞船上没有宇航员。美国航空航天局的科学家使用这次飞行来测试探索飞行器的发射系统、控制系统和重返系统。

Space agency officials are closely watching weather conditions to make sure that the launch can go forward. Space launches take place within a “window” of time, which permits wind or other conditions to be within acceptable limits.

航空航天局的官员密切关注天气状况确保发射能够顺利进行。发射时间就是采用“窗口”的时间，也就是说在可接受的范围内允许风和其它一些情况。

Recent spaceflight incidents raise concerns

最近航天飞行器事故引起人们关注

The test of the Orion spacecraft comes after two setbacks in space exploration. Recent accidents have shown how difficult and dangerous space travel can be. In late October, an unmanned, privately-owned rocket exploded as it left NASA’s launch center on Wallops Island, Virginia. The Antares rocket was to carry tons of supplies to the International Space Station. The explosion has raised questions about the engine design used by Orbital Sciences Corporation, the company that built the Antares rocket. The incident is still under investigation 4.

两次太空探索的失误后，赖恩太空飞船进行测试考验。最近一些事故表明太空旅行有多么困难和危险。十月下旬，一枚没有载人的、私营的火箭在弗吉尼亚州的瓦勒普斯岛发射中心发射后发生爆炸。“天鹅座”火箭原计划携带数吨的补给给国际空间站。这次爆炸引发一些关于美国轨道科学公司的一些引擎设计问题，因为是该公司设计了“天鹅座”火箭。这次事故原因仍在调查中。

Days later, a problem during the test flight of a manned spaceship resulted in a deadly crash in California. One pilot on Virgin 3 Galactic’s SpaceShip Two was killed and the other was seriously injured. Virgin Galactic is a spaceflight company. It plans to develop a space tourism industry by taking people into space for a fee.

几天后，载人飞船的试飞测试问题在加利福尼亚引发严重碰撞。维珍银河飞船的试验导致两死、一重伤的严重后果。维珍银河是个飞船制造公司，计划把人有偿送入太空，发展太空旅游业。

Investigators 5 are looking at the possibility that one of the pilots made a mistake by attempting to slow down the spaceship too soon. The head of the company, Richard Branson, has denied that he ignored safety warnings about the spaceship before the crash. The U.S. National Transportation Safety Board is leading the investigation into that accident.

调查者寻找飞行员太早试图减缓飞船飞行速度时做出的错误决定的可能性。公司的领导人，理查德·布兰森否认忽视飞船坠毁之前发出的安全警报。美国国家运输安全委员会负责调查这一事故。

Orion is NASA's return to manned spaceflight

“猎户座”是美国航空航天局重返载人飞船的一步

For NASA, Orion represents a return to manned exploration of space after the retirement 6 of the space shuttle in 2011. The agency hopes Orion will be able to carry humans to, what it calls, deep space: the Moon, Mars or beyond.

对于美国航空航天局来说，“猎户座”代表着2011年航天飞机退役后，重返载人飞船探索。航空航天局希望能够载人深入探索太空：登月、登陆火星或者登陆其它星球。

Orion has three main parts: the crew module 7, the service module and the launch abort 8 system. When fully 9 developed, the crew module will hold four astronauts. For this test flight, a United Alliance Delta 10 IV Heavy rocket will carry Orion into space. NASA says this rocket will not be used for Orion’s manned spaceflights. A different rocket, called the Space Launch System, will be developed instead.

“猎户座”有三大组成部分：船员舱、服务舱和发射中止系统。完全研发成功后，船员舱能够容纳四名宇航员。这次试飞测试，Delta IV Heavy火箭会搭载“猎户座”进入太空。美国航空航天局称这枚火箭不会用来搭载“猎户座”载人飞船。另一枚“太空发射系统”火箭会代替Delta IV Heavy火箭。

The space agency held a news conference two days before the planned launch date. Officials explained to reporters what NASA was hoping to accomplish with the test flight.

航空航天局在计划发射飞船的前两天举行了一个新闻发布会。相关负责人向记者说明这次试飞希望达到的目的是什么。

The officials noted 11 that not all of the systems involved in Orion were ready. They said the main purpose was to test the control system for the spacecraft. Lockheed Martin Program Manager Mike Hawes said the aviation systems were ready and much of the computer software was complete. But, he said life support systems for astronauts were not ready and would not be part of the test.

官员指出：并不是“猎户座”飞船的所有系统都已经准备好了。试飞的主要目的就是检测飞船的控制系统。洛克希德马丁公司的项目经理迈克·哈维斯说航空系统已经完备，大部分的电脑软件也已完成。但是能够支撑宇航员的系统还没有完成，而这不是这次试飞测试的一部分。

Mark Geyer is the Program Manager for Orion. He told reporters that the test flight would cost over $370 million. The capsule will be reused for another test flight. He noted that Orion is still in the development stage. Scientists will closely watch the performance of the heat shield, which will protect the spacecraft as it re-enters the atmosphere at a speed of over 32,000kilometers an hour.

马克·盖尔是“猎户座”飞船的项目负责人，他告诉记者试飞大概会花费3.7亿美元。太空舱会在另一次试飞中重新利用。他指出：“猎户座”飞船仍在发展阶段。科学家会密切关注热隔离的情况，热隔离能够在飞船以一小时32000千米的速度重新进入大气时保护飞船。

NASA scientists are calling the test, Exploration Flight Test-1. They say Orion will travel 5,800 kilometers into space and orbit the earth twice before splashing down in the ocean.

美国航空航天局的科学家称这次测试叫“探索飞行试验-1”他们说“猎户座”飞船会飞行5800千米，然后进入太空，在飞船最后落入海洋之前，会绕着地球轨道飞行两圈。