时间:2018-12-07 作者:英语课 分类:VOA慢速英语2009年(五)月


英语课

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.


Smoking is the world's leading preventable cause of death. In the United States, smoking rates are down from the past, but cigarettes still cause about one-fifth of all deaths.


Nonsmokers are also affected 1. Thousands in the United States die each year from heart disease and lung cancer from breathing other people's tobacco smoke. Secondhand smoke also causes breathing infections in young children. It can even cause sudden death in babies.
 
A worker in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, last year takes a cigarette break. The state has since banned smoking in most public places.


In recent years there has been a strong push for local and state governments to ban public smoking. The American Lung Association says half of the fifty states have passed smoke-free laws. Some measures are weaker than others. But many are comprehensive bans -- they include restaurants and bars as well as other workplaces.


Wisconsin and North Carolina both approved smoking bans on the same day this month. Wisconsin passed a comprehensive ban that will take effect in July of next year.


North Carolina passed a ban on smoking in restaurants and bars; it takes effect in January. The new law may not go as far as some would like, but the action is historic. North Carolina is America's top tobacco producing state.


Other proposals are being debated across the country.


Opponents argue that smoking bans cause job losses in restaurants and bars. As a compromise, some bans exclude these establishments. But new research rejects this argument.


Elizabeth Klein, an assistant professor at the College of Public Health at Ohio State University, was the lead author. She says the study was the first to compare the economic effects of different kinds of smoking bans. She says the study looked at restaurants and bars because research suggests that people who drink alcohol are also more likely to smoke.


The study examined employment records for eight cities in Minnesota for a three-year period through two thousand six. These cities have differing policies on public smoking. The study also included two cities with no such restrictions 2.


Professor Klein says the employment differences were so small that they could not be considered significant. Communities with the strongest policies had nine fewer employees per ten thousand community members than those with partial bans or none at all.


The study appears in the June issue of Prevention Science.


And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by June Simms. Transcripts 3, MP3s and podcasts are at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Steve Ember.



1 affected
adj.不自然的,假装的
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
2 restrictions
约束( restriction的名词复数 ); 管制; 制约因素; 带限制性的条件(或规则)
  • I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
  • a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制
3 transcripts
n.抄本( transcript的名词复数 );转写本;文字本;副本
  • Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA. tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一样,都是染色体DNA的转录产物。 来自辞典例句
  • You can't take the transfer students'exam without your transcripts. 没有成绩证明书,你就不能参加转学考试。 来自辞典例句
学英语单词
ace it
Acer leiopodum
affiliated society
American hop
analysts
Androsace zayulensis
annuler
antennal neuron
Archibald prize
bacterial membrane
besport
blocking relay
body-ring
broken circle
c-type
caprimulgidaes
Carya tomentosa
cattle actinomycosis
cavum hyaloideum
chloroacrolein
chorea syndrome
chronic hepatic encephalopathy
cmyc
codebook coding
concave grating spectrometer
condylar fracture
cupro fibre
curvature vorticity
De Sauty's method
deflocculator
Dorila
dye-dilution
ecobuoy
edge-defined film-fed growth
Emissy
endoecism
ethyl sulfonamide
extraneous nonterminal
flank on
flat deck poultry cage
foliated talc
gulancha
Heilong
hexyne
hollow flint glass
honeworts
Huatong
hydroxyskatol
ingratiate hiself with
job vacancy
Kordofan
Kotoko
local shear
localized
lone signal unit
lonithermies
lump-sum pension
macrophoma magnoliae
marcerized cotton
mid-months
Modal fibre
monoclinic pyroxene
mound-birds
neuro-patterns
off one's game
oncoapoptosis
one flew over the cuckoo's nest
oxygen resuscitator
pack tilting device
Palairos
pancreaticjejunostomy
pelvimetry
poitrel
predrag
price fixing agreement
pumpkin vines
quench-fire
scalping screen
security operations
selection examination
sequesterer
short-driven bolt
sister species
skyscraper sheaf
SMSI
solid-state scintillation counter
spermatozoicide
split fractions
stack tree
stopper ladle
subdivision rules
subscleral
system source
teaming up
transfix
turn something over to somebody
undecidable ring
wavy water surface
whale-watch
whaps
yamanashi
zone letter