时间:2018-12-07 作者:英语课 分类:VOA慢速英语2009年(五)月


英语课

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.


Smoking is the world's leading preventable cause of death. In the United States, smoking rates are down from the past, but cigarettes still cause about one-fifth of all deaths.


Nonsmokers are also affected 1. Thousands in the United States die each year from heart disease and lung cancer from breathing other people's tobacco smoke. Secondhand smoke also causes breathing infections in young children. It can even cause sudden death in babies.
 
A worker in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, last year takes a cigarette break. The state has since banned smoking in most public places.


In recent years there has been a strong push for local and state governments to ban public smoking. The American Lung Association says half of the fifty states have passed smoke-free laws. Some measures are weaker than others. But many are comprehensive bans -- they include restaurants and bars as well as other workplaces.


Wisconsin and North Carolina both approved smoking bans on the same day this month. Wisconsin passed a comprehensive ban that will take effect in July of next year.


North Carolina passed a ban on smoking in restaurants and bars; it takes effect in January. The new law may not go as far as some would like, but the action is historic. North Carolina is America's top tobacco producing state.


Other proposals are being debated across the country.


Opponents argue that smoking bans cause job losses in restaurants and bars. As a compromise, some bans exclude these establishments. But new research rejects this argument.


Elizabeth Klein, an assistant professor at the College of Public Health at Ohio State University, was the lead author. She says the study was the first to compare the economic effects of different kinds of smoking bans. She says the study looked at restaurants and bars because research suggests that people who drink alcohol are also more likely to smoke.


The study examined employment records for eight cities in Minnesota for a three-year period through two thousand six. These cities have differing policies on public smoking. The study also included two cities with no such restrictions 2.


Professor Klein says the employment differences were so small that they could not be considered significant. Communities with the strongest policies had nine fewer employees per ten thousand community members than those with partial bans or none at all.


The study appears in the June issue of Prevention Science.


And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by June Simms. Transcripts 3, MP3s and podcasts are at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Steve Ember.



1 affected
adj.不自然的,假装的
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
2 restrictions
约束( restriction的名词复数 ); 管制; 制约因素; 带限制性的条件(或规则)
  • I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
  • a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制
3 transcripts
n.抄本( transcript的名词复数 );转写本;文字本;副本
  • Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA. tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一样,都是染色体DNA的转录产物。 来自辞典例句
  • You can't take the transfer students'exam without your transcripts. 没有成绩证明书,你就不能参加转学考试。 来自辞典例句
学英语单词
aneroid-barometer
annual bulletin
antitypical
askewness
atonied
autogiros
automatic grid generation
automatically tuned shortwave transmitter
bargeese
barometric observation
belieffulness
Bernard-Soulier syndrome
bipolar bit-slice microcomputer
body tender bolster
bum fuck nowhere
bush-buck
cassava silkworm silk
castroviejo
catch-penny
cold-extrusion die
comparative analyses
constant pressure cycle
continuous hot-strip mill
continuous physical inventory
dead battery
dishpan experiments
division of peritoneal adhesions
dmd method
doctrine of descent
duesseldorf
dust cap
excitation ammeter
exocoeloma
farkled
fienden
fined tube exchanger
first-aid room
friction cone drive
Geissler's potash bulb
genus blastomycess
gibes
give witness on behalf of someone
given the circumstances
Gorbymania
Groupous inflammation
hammering chorea
have one's tongue in one's cheek
hella-
horizontal scanner
hybrid composite
hyphedonia
incidence cut-set
indigenous tradition
inverter power
irreversible deformation
lally column
lasting significance
lava lake
Levenshtein distances
lifts-on
lithium manganese oxide
lurago
Maghreb
mahout
management techniques
manams
microwave attenuative ceramics
mirages
Mumbaikar
my lips are sealed
nonadecamers
observation function
old stage
on-line monitor
opt out
optical data
overlapping concept description
paroxysmal
pebble-bed core
pennone
porina
profits realized
qualitative relation
representation formula
rolling cylinder gate
romanticizers
rubber-neckings
rug-cutter
rushwork
screw thread miller
simple linkage brake mechanism
stock-control system
Swertia mileensis
TCCF
television
the civil rights movement
the crossroads
unbalanced masses
undulatory current motor
unlessened
utopianization
woodshop