2014考研英语:单词易混词辨析
英语课
这两个词都是“粘附的”意思。
adherence用于比喻的意思。例如:His adherence to the strict letter of the law.
adhesion是指物质上的。
2. adjacent,adjoining,和contiguous
这些词都有next to“紧挨”的意思。
adjacent“毗邻的,邻近的”,但它们可能并不相互直接接触。
adjoining和contiguous指相互接触,通常之间有一个edge或boundary.
3.admission和admittance
它们都有“the act of entering”的意思。
但admission用于公共场合。
The price of admission to the gallery is£5.
admittance不指公共场合,一般指私人的住所。
4. adopted和adoptive
adopted“收养的,过继的”
an adopted son(daughter)养子(女);my adopted country我所入籍的国家;adopted words外来语。
adoptive“收养的”,我们说adoptive parents,但很少说adoptive child;
“采用的”,“假冒的”an adoptive courage假充勇敢。
5.averse和adverse 2
adverse“不利的,反对的”,用于事,不用于人。adverse weather conditions;an adverse reaction.
averse“嫌恶的,反对的,不乐意的”,常和“to”一起使用,而且用否定形式。
6.advise和advice
advise“劝告”(动词);advice“劝告”(名词)。
7.affect和effect
affect“影响”vt.,它的第二个意思是“假装”,Though she affected 3 indifference,I knew she was really very upset.
effect n.“结果”,“效力”。vt.“产生”,“导致”,它比“to cause,to bring out”更为正式。His aim was to effect a radical 4 change in the party structure.
8.all ready和already
all ready意思是“completely prepared”
already“已经”。He had already had his lunch.
9.altogether和all together
altogether(in total)“总共”
all together意思是“in a group”。如:We put the sheep all together in one field.这两个词还可以分开。We put all the sheep together in one field.
10. allude和elude 5
allude“暗指”,“暗示”,“(婉转)提到”。
elude(to avoid or escape)“闪避,躲避”。如:to elude sb.‘s grasp逃脱,没有被逮住;to elude the law规避法律。The meaning eludes 6 me.那个意义我摸不透。
11.illusion和delusion 7
illusion“幻觉,错觉”be under no illusion about sth.对某事不存幻想。
delusion“欺骗,迷惑”He suffers from the delusion that he‘s attractive to women.他糊里糊涂地认为自己对女人很有吸引力。
12.amended 8和emend
amended(to alter or add to something)“订正,改正”,“修正(议案等)”。an amended bill修正案;amend one‘s ways改过自新。
emend(to correct errors in)“校订”。emend the text of a book校勘某书;He emended the typescript before sending it to the printers.在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。
13.amicable和amiable 9
这两个词都是指“友好的”意思。
amicable“友好的,亲切的”指行为或情景。The discussions were amicable,though businesslike.讨论虽然是商业形式,但也是友好的。
amiable“可爱的,和蔼可亲的”多用于修饰人。Many people are afraid of him,though I found him to be perfectly 10 amiable.虽然我发现他特别和蔼可亲,但还是有很多人害怕他。
14.assent和ascent 11
assent可用作“agreement”“同意”或“agree”“同意”。
ascent n.“上升,晋升”。the ascent of mountain登山。
15.avert和avoid
avert“防止,避免”。
avoid“回避,逃避”。avoid bad company避免和坏人来往;I cannot avoid seeing him.我不能不见他。
16.besides和beside
besides意思是“in addition to”“加之,还有,另外”;而beside“在……旁边”,“在……一侧”。Duncan is the tall man standing 12 beside my father.站在我爸爸旁边的高个子男子是邓肯。
17.coherence和cohesion 13
coherence“统一,一致性”;cohesion“结合力,团结”。the cohesion of molecules 14分子的结合力。
18. compare with和compare to
compare with“和……比起来”
compare to“好比”。He compared the moon to a silver plate.他把月亮比成一个大银盘。
19.impel 15和compel
impel“推动,驱使,激励”。impel sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事;
compel“强迫,胁迫,迫使”。compel sb. to one‘s will强迫人服从自己。
20.complement和compliment
complement“补足(物),补全”,“补足语”。
compliment“恭维话,赞辞,敬意”;Your presence is a great compliment.承蒙光临,不胜荣幸。
21.confident和confidant
confident“深信,确信,自信”。
confidant“心腹朋友”。She has no close confidant to whom she can turn for advice or help.她没有知心朋友来帮助或是劝告她。
22.continual和continuous
continual“连续,继续”:“频繁的”;continual bouts 16 of toothache一阵接一阵的牙痛。(这中间可能有停顿或间断。)
continuous“连续”(指从不间断的);We‘ve had three weeks of continuous rain.我们这里连续三周下雨不停。
23.might和could
might表明“possibility”。
could用来表明“permission”。Mum said we could(might)go to the football match.
24.council和counsel
council“议事机构”,委员会;a cabinet council内阁会议。
counsel“商议,劝告”;follow sb.‘s counsel close牢记某人忠告。
25.creditable和credible 17
creditable“声誉好的,可称许(赞扬)的”;credible“可信的,可靠的”He‘s the only one without a credible alibi(辩解,托辞)。他是唯一一个没有可信托辞的人。
26.decisive和decided 18
decisive“果断的,断然的”;decisive measures断然的措施。
decided“明确的,无疑的”;a decided success明显的成功。
27.defective和deficient 19
defective(having a fault or flaw)“有缺陷的”。
deficient(lacking in what is needed)“不足的”;be deficient in欠缺。
n.信奉,依附,坚持,固着
- He was well known for his adherence to the rules.他因遵循这些规定而出名。
- The teacher demanded adherence to the rules.老师要求学生们遵守纪律。
adj.不利的;有害的;敌对的,不友好的
- He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
- The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。
adj.不自然的,假装的
- She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
- His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
n.激进份子,原子团,根号;adj.根本的,激进的,彻底的
- The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
- She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。
v.躲避,困惑
- If you chase it,it will elude you.如果你追逐着它, 它会躲避你。
- I had dared and baffled his fury.I must elude his sorrow.我曾经面对过他的愤怒,并且把它挫败了;现在我必须躲避他的悲哀。
v.(尤指机敏地)避开( elude的第三人称单数 );逃避;躲避;使达不到
- His name eludes me for the moment. 他的名字我一时想不起来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- But philosophers seek a special sort of knowledge that eludes exact definition. 但是,哲学家所追求的是一种难以精确定义的特殊知识。 来自哲学部分
n.谬见,欺骗,幻觉,迷惑
- He is under the delusion that he is Napoleon.他患了妄想症,认为自己是拿破仑。
- I was under the delusion that he intended to marry me.我误认为他要娶我。
adj.和蔼可亲的,友善的,亲切的
- She was a very kind and amiable old woman.她是个善良和气的老太太。
- We have a very amiable companionship.我们之间存在一种友好的关系。
adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地
- The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
- Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。
n.(声望或地位)提高;上升,升高;登高
- His rapid ascent in the social scale was surprising.他的社会地位提高之迅速令人吃惊。
- Burke pushed the button and the elevator began its slow ascent.伯克按动电钮,电梯开始缓慢上升。
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
- After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
- They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
n.团结,凝结力
- I had to bring some cohesion into the company.我得使整个公司恢复凝聚力。
- The power of culture is deeply rooted in the vitality,creativity and cohesion of a nation. 文化的力量,深深熔铸在民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力之中。
分子( molecule的名词复数 )
- The structure of molecules can be seen under an electron microscope. 分子的结构可在电子显微镜下观察到。
- Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules. 在反应堆里,大分子裂变为小分子。
v.推动;激励,迫使
- Financial pressures impel the firm to cut back on spending.财政压力迫使公司减少开支。
- The progress in science and technical will powerfully impel the education's development.科学和技术的进步将有力地推动教育的发展。
n.拳击(或摔跤)比赛( bout的名词复数 );一段(工作);(尤指坏事的)一通;(疾病的)发作
- For much of his life he suffered from recurrent bouts of depression. 他的大半辈子反复发作抑郁症。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- It was one of fistiana's most famous championship bouts. 这是拳击界最有名的冠军赛之一。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
adj.可信任的,可靠的
- The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
- Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法?
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。