时间:2019-02-17 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课
(一)不定式和动名词作主语的区别
  (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
  Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)
  It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) 
  (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
  不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
  Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验)
  Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)
  (二)不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别
  A.不定式作表语。
  (1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。例:
  To do two things at a time is to do neither.一次做两件事等于未做。
  I am glad to hear the news.我听到这个消息很高兴。
  What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
  B.如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。例:
  To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
  To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
  C.如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。例:
  His wish is to buy a luxurious 1 car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
  (2)动名词作表语:动名词作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。例:
  Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。
  His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。
  〈注〉动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同,但其所属结构迥异,进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语,说明主语的性质或情况。
  (3)分词作表语。
  表示心理状态的动词如excite,interest等都是及物动词,汉语注解不是“激动”、“高兴
  ”,而是“使得激动”、“使高兴”,因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的
  ”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以,凡表示“令人……的”都是?
  ing形式,凡是表示“感到……”都用?ed形式。换句话说,若人对……感兴趣,就是some
  body is interested in...,若人/物本身有趣时,就是sb./sth. is interesting。这类词常见的有:
  interesting使人感到高兴——interested感到高兴的
  exciting令人激动的——excited感到激动的
  delighting令人高兴的——delighted感到高兴的
  disappointing令人失望的——disappointed感到失望的
  encouraging令人鼓舞的——encouraged感到鼓舞的
  pleasing令人愉快的——pleased感到愉快的
  puzzling令人费解的——puzzled感到费解的
  satisfying令人满意的——satisfied感到满意的
  surprising令人惊异的——surprised感到惊异的
  worrying令人担心的——worried感到担心的
  Travelling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的,但也是使人疲劳的。
  The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果要学生学得太多,他们会感到糊涂的。
  The argument is very convincing.这个论点很有说服力。
  They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息,他们非常激动。
  (三)不定式和动名词作宾语
  英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求:
  (1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语。
  A.下面的动词要求不定式做宾语:
  例如:They are training these dogs to sniff 2 out drugs.他们训练狗嗅出毒品来。


adj.精美而昂贵的;豪华的
  • This is a luxurious car complete with air conditioning and telephone.这是一辆附有空调设备和电话的豪华轿车。
  • The rich man lives in luxurious surroundings.这位富人生活在奢侈的环境中。
vi.嗅…味道;抽鼻涕;对嗤之以鼻,蔑视
  • The police used dogs to sniff out the criminals in their hiding - place.警察使用警犬查出了罪犯的藏身地点。
  • When Munchie meets a dog on the beach, they sniff each other for a while.当麦奇在海滩上碰到另一条狗的时候,他们会彼此嗅一会儿。
学英语单词
a bee mite
a fat lip
adaptive man-machine nonarithmetic information processing
anticold
arianist
artificial intraocular lens
auditory information
authentic surveyer
axle tilt
big-bath accounting
bond investment account
book
Bourget, Aéroport de Le
broad ocean
burst into laughter
cespi
chilidium
cochain complexes
Codeinism
Condong-kecil, Sungai
consummations
contemporaneities
corps
cuntwardly
database key
deckle frame
deducible
dirty weekend
domestic storage financing
Ebringen
electrooptic(al) modulator
emission vacuum spectrometer
Epipactis mairei
erythroblastotic
estate at sufferance
esthesioneure
evidence-based-practice
fission yield characteristic
flitted
furanilide
generally accepted accounting practice
Gestalgar
gingival curvature
great grey owls
ground duty
guilts
hacking into
hatch boat
hazelgrove
Hsp72
iconizing
involument
isotrihydroxycholine
jig concentrate
jury instructions
keen price
Kocher's symptom
koco
ligialty
Londonderry District
lowfield
maintenance free operation
Messinese
mixed coal
monometer
N-noramepavine
objicient
offensive play
oilway
onioned
osmeterium
palloid gear
Phenethiurn
phosphate absorption coefficient
piano player
picture reproducer
preliminary interview
psychrometres
retriangulated
right-and-left-hand chart
rotary broom-slat sweeper
rotating dipole method
row-by-row system
savoy alps
saxhorn contrebasse
Shihan
simultaneous variables
sixth
squaring up machine
stepped diameter auger
stoneware clay
technical magnetization
train control line
trigeminal cough
trimonthlies
ulti
vietti
vSphere Replication
Vǔlchidol
well-given
yarn reinforced elastomer
zygosporangium