【英语时差8,16】培育葡萄
时间：2019-02-15 作者：英语课 分类：英语时差8，16
Grapes are one of man’s oldest cultivated crops. Ancient hieroglyphics 1 show Egyptians harvesting grapes. Greeks, Phoenicians, and Romans used grapes for food as well as wine. Today, about seventy-percent of harvested grapes are used to make wine. Wine makers 2 grow special cultivars to obtain specific color, clarity, sweetness, acidity 3, balance, and body. But obtaining these qualities is a slow arduous 4 process of breeding and creating hybrids 5 from various members of the Vitis genus. Grapes, it seems, do not give up their secrets easily. This was particularly evident in the mid-1800s, when two North American pests, an aphid and a fungus 6, invaded Europe. They destroyed grapes and decimated the wine industry. European growers were at a loss. They ended up using North American grapes to develop new European strains. But the wine just wasn’t the same. Along with pest resistance came a musty aroma 7. What they needed at the time were geneticists. Today, geneticists are looking at the very heart of the grape. They have found that a plant’s history can be read on the molecular 10 level, much like DNA 11 fingerprinting 12 can be used to determine paternity. In one study, pigments 14 that give grapes their red, purple, and blue color were found to be produced not by one, but by two gene 8 mutations. It explained why growers were having such problems breeding plants with the preferred pigment 13. With tools to isolate 15 and clone genes 16 and rewrite parts of the genetic 9 code, geneticists are already developing better grapes. They expect to create new breeding methods to develop new pest resistant 17 varieties with desirable flavors and aromas 18. Grapes will have to give up their secrets at last.
- Hieroglyphics are carved into the walls of the temple. 寺庙的墙壁上刻着象形文字。
- His writing is so bad it just looks like hieroglyphics to me. 他写的糟透了，对我来说就像天书一样。
- The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
- The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- This plant prefers alkaline soil,though it will readily tolerate some acidity.这种植物在酸性土壤中也能生存，但硷性土壤更加适宜。
- Gastric acidity would not prevent the organism from passing into the gut.胃的酸度不能防止细菌进入肠道。
- We must have patience in doing arduous work.我们做艰苦的工作要有耐性。
- The task was more arduous than he had calculated.这项任务比他所估计的要艰巨得多。
- All these brightly coloured hybrids are so lovely in the garden. 花园里所有这些色彩鲜艳的杂交花真美丽。 来自辞典例句
- The notion that interspecific hybrids are rare is ill-founded. 有一种看法认为种间杂种是罕见的，这种看法是无根据的。 来自辞典例句
- Mushrooms are a type of fungus.蘑菇是一种真菌。
- This fungus can just be detected by the unaided eye.这种真菌只用肉眼就能检查出。
- The whole house was filled with the aroma of coffee.满屋子都是咖啡的香味。
- The air was heavy with the aroma of the paddy fields.稻花飘香。
- A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
- The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
- It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
- Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
- The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms.这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。
- For the pressure to become zero, molecular bombardment must cease.当压强趋近于零时，分子的碰撞就停止了。
- DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
- Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
- Institutions from banks to pawnshops are fingerprinting to authenticate transactions. 从银行到当铺，都在使用指纹识别对交易进行验证。 来自互联网
- In addition, a digital fingerprinting algorithm based on binary codes is described. 介绍了一种二进制指纹编码方案。 来自互联网
- The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls.古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。
- Who thought he might know what the skin pigment phenomenon meant.他自认为可能知道皮肤色素出现这种现象到底是怎么回事。
- The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls. 古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。 来自辞典例句
- The original white lead pigments have oxidized and turned black. 最初的白色铅质颜料氧化后变成了黑色。 来自辞典例句
- Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
- We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。
- You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
- Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
- They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。