时间:2018-12-05 作者:英语课 分类:托福听力短文


英语课

(man) I'm glad you brought up the question of our investigations 1 into the makeup 2 of the Earth's interior. In fact --- since this is the topic of your reading assignment for next time --- let me spend these last few minutes of class talking about it. There were several important discoveries in the early part of this century that helped geologists 4 develop a more accurate picture of the Earth's interior.


The first key discovery had to do with seismic 5 waves --- remember they are the vibrations 6 caused by earthquakes. Well, scientists found that they traveled thousands of miles through the Earth's interior. This finding enabled geologists to study the inner parts of the Earth. You see, these studies revealed that these vibrations were of two types: compression --- or P --- waves and shear 7 --- or S --- waves. And researchers found that P waves travel through both liquids and solids, while S waves travel only through solid matter.


In 1906 a British geologist 3 discovered that P waves slowed down at a certain depth but kept traveling deeper. On the other hand, S waves either disappeared or were reflected back, so he concluded that depth marked the boundary between a solid mantle 8 and a liquid core. Three years later another boundary was discovered --- that between the mantle and the Earth's crust.


There's still a lot to be learned about the Earth. For instance, geologists know that the core is hot. Evidence of this is the molten lava 9 that flows out of volcanoes. But we're still not sure what the source of the heat is.



1 investigations
(正式的)调查( investigation的名词复数 ); 侦查; 科学研究; 学术研究
  • His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查,但没有发现什么。
  • He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。
2 makeup
n.组织;性格;化装品
  • Those who failed the exam take a makeup exam.这次考试不及格的人必须参加补考。
  • Do you think her beauty could makeup for her stupidity?你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗?
3 geologist
n.地质学家
  • The geologist found many uncovered fossils in the valley.在那山谷里,地质学家发现了许多裸露的化石。
  • He was a geologist,rated by his cronies as the best in the business.他是一位地质学家,被他的老朋友们看做是这门行当中最好的一位。
4 geologists
地质学家,地质学者( geologist的名词复数 )
  • Geologists uncovered the hidden riches. 地质学家发现了地下的宝藏。
  • Geologists study the structure of the rocks. 地质学家研究岩石结构。
5 seismic
a.地震的,地震强度的
  • Earthquakes produce two types of seismic waves.地震产生两种地震波。
  • The latest seismic activity was also felt in northern Kenya.肯尼亚北部也感觉到了最近的地震活动。
6 vibrations
n.摆动( vibration的名词复数 );震动;感受;(偏离平衡位置的)一次性往复振动
  • We could feel the vibrations from the trucks passing outside. 我们可以感到外面卡车经过时的颤动。
  • I am drawn to that girl; I get good vibrations from her. 我被那女孩吸引住了,她使我产生良好的感觉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 shear
n.修剪,剪下的东西,羊的一岁;vt.剪掉,割,剥夺;vi.修剪,切割,剥夺,穿越
  • Every spring they shear off the sheep's wool and sell it.每年春天他们都要剪下羊毛去卖。
  • In the Hebrides they shear their sheep later than anywhere else.在赫伯里兹,剪羊毛的时间比其他任何地方都要晚。
8 mantle
n.斗篷,覆罩之物,罩子;v.罩住,覆盖,脸红
  • The earth had donned her mantle of brightest green.大地披上了苍翠欲滴的绿色斗篷。
  • The mountain was covered with a mantle of snow.山上覆盖着一层雪。
9 lava
n.熔岩,火山岩
  • The lava flowed down the sides of the volcano.熔岩沿火山坡面涌流而下。
  • His anger spilled out like lava.他的愤怒像火山爆发似的迸发出来。
学英语单词
abrasion inspection
anthracyclines
anti-unionism
armillae
auxiliary link
avena fatuas
ballistic area
Bartonella muris
beach blanket
beauty itself
Bel'kachi
block handling routine
bronze weight
bulb-bowed
card-reader
cephalohydrocele
Ceret
Clearwater Lake
cost benefit analysis method
cutting edge inclination
dasypsyllus gallinulae gallinulae
data line
decomposition computer system
depressor reflex of heart
dick-do
discharge of safety valve
dogends
drop-culture
environmental administration expense
excursion area
External disk drive
extruding device
Farrar, River
FAX receiver
Flathead River
foundation sill
framework of fault
gasification system
hegemonising
hematocrit test
Home Page (or Homepage)
hyacintin
hydrated basaltic glass
indignifies
joliot-curies
kebles
keep your eyes on the ball
lamp wiring
laterally loaded pile
Lavina, Mte.
lederhosen
linnaea borealis l. twin-flower
Lowell, Abbott Lawrance
lower cut off frequency
mainstay of the economy
material consumption calculation
Methanomonas methanica
monophthongised
monthiversaries
odorise
on-line disk file
pandanaceous
Parietaria difussa
passivating solution
patho-
pinene
Poa elanata
podmores
pretostrea imbricata
process of payment
pulmonary blood volume index
quick silver
record in external file
retrocession treaty
right binding approximation
right to jury trial
Rosa multiflora Thunb.
rosion
Rubrivivax
screw hole
sea surface roughness
segregated ballast tank lids
simplicial embedding
social acceptance
styracifolius
supernumerate
synthetic castor oil
tetraethylphthalamide
tetraxile
the hyoid bone
thymonucleic acid
trigger shoe
truus
tuwaif (pakistan)
unfallacious
vomex A
Voznesenskoye
wangari
worth the name
wuzi yanzong pills
xiier
yachtsman