实用英语综合教程第三册-6
时间：2018-12-04 作者：英语课 分类：实用英语综合教程
UNIT 6
Text A
PRE-READING TASK
Exercise 1
Before reading the passage, think over the questions.
1. What is the significance of the year 1997 to both China and Hong Kong?
2. According to the Joint 1 Declaration, how long will Hong Kong, as a Special Administrative 2 Region of the People's Republic of China, maintain its economic system and way of life?
Excerpts 3 from
Speech by Margaret Thatcher 4
at the Signature Ceremony
of the Joint Declaration on
the Future of Hong Kong
1 This is an historic occasion. And I am particularly pleased to see that Chairman Deng Xiaoping is able to be present. The Joint Declaration on the Future of Hong Kong, which we have just signed on behalf of our two Governments, is a landmark 5 in the life of the territory; in the course of Anglo-Chinese relations; and in the history of international diplomacy 6. The Agreement establishes a firm basis for confidence in Hong Kong up to 1997 and beyond, and for its continued stability, prosperity and growth.
2 I remember with pleasure my last visit to China in September 1982 and my discussions with Chinese leaders. At my meeting with Chairman Deng Xiaoping on that occasion we agreed to open talks on the future of Hong Kong. Our common aim was to maintain the territory's stability and prosperity. It is in a spirit of pride and of optimism about the future that I now return to sign the agreement which is the result of those talks.
3 I think you will agree that the negotiations 8 were not always easy. At certain points there were difficult decisions to be made on both sides. There were moments of tension. To overcome these difficulties we needed to draw on a shared fund of goodwill 9; on friendship; and on a common commitment to Hong Kong's future. This was what made success possible. I should like to pay tribute to the dedication 10 of the two negotiating teams and all their supporting staff, under the guidance of Sir Geoffrey Howe and State Councillor and Foreign Minister Wu Xueqian. It is thanks to the imagination and resource which they showed that we can sign an agreement today.
4 The Agreement fully 11 meets the political requirements of Britain and China, as well as the interests of the Hong Kong people. It provides the framework in which, as a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong will maintain its economic system and way of life for 50 years after the first of July 1997. It gives Hong Kong a high degree of autonomy: Hong Kong people will administer Hong Kong and the Special Administrative Region will pass its own legislation. It allows Hong Kong to continue to decide its own economic, financial and trade policies and to participate as appropriate in international organisations and agreements. It preserves Hong Kong's familiar legal system and the rights and freedoms enjoyed there. In short it provides the assurances for the future which How Kong needs, in order to continue to play its unique role in the world as a trading and financial centre.
5 These qualities in the agreement have been recognized by the British Parliament and by the Standing 12 Committee of the National People's Congress of China, which have approved the intention of our Governments to proceed to signature. The Agreement has been subject to a thorough public debate among those whose future it will determine -- the people of Hong Kong. Although they have expressed some reservations and sought clarification on particular points, they have clearly judged it acceptable to them as a whole. The Agreement has been widely praised by other Governments, in international organisations and in financial and economic circles. The Secretary General of the United Nations has described it as an example for other countries of the way in which difficult international problems can be successfully resolved. International goodwill and support will be vital for Hong Kong in the future, and I have no doubt that it will be forthcoming.
6 I should like to pay a tribute to the leaders of China for the vision and farsightedness of their approach to the negotiations. The concept of "one country, two systems" -- preserving two different political, social and economic systems within one nation has no precedent 13. It offers an imaginative response to the special historical circumstances of Hong Kong. The concept is an example of how apparently 14 intractable problems can, and should be resolved.
7 The Agreement is a basis on which the people of Hong Kong will build. They will bring to the task the energy, persistence 15 and determination for which they are rightly famous throughout the world. I am confident that they will make Hong Kong an even more flourishing place than it is today.
8 Britain and China share a continuing responsibility to maintain the conditions within which the people of Hong Kong can realise this goal. We have laid the foundation in this solemn international agreement. We have created, in the Sino-British Joint Liaison 16 Group, a forum 17 for cooperation over its implementation 18. We have demonstrated the strength of our commitment to it today by the signatures that you, Mr Premier 19, and I have set upon it. I am heartened by the assurance which your Government has repeatedly given that arrangements for Hong Kong contained in the Agreement are not measures of expediency 20. They are long-term policies, which will be incorporated in the Basic Law for Hong Kong and preserved intact for 50 years from 1997.
New Words
signature
n. 1. the act of signing one's name 签字
2. a person's name written by himself 签名
ceremony
n. 仪式
joint
a. shared by two or more people 联合的，共同的
behalf
n. 利益，支持
landmark
n. something that marks an important point or change 里程碑
territory
n. 1. 地区
2. 领土，领地
3.（行动、知识等）领域，范围
Anglo-
(comb. form) 1. British or English and 英国和…的
2. British 英国的
diplomacy
n. the art and practice of establishing and continuing relations between nations 外交
agreement
n. 1. an arrangement or promise of action, as made between people, businesses or countries 协议，协定
2. the state of having the same opinion, feeling or purpose 同意，一致
stability
n. 稳定，稳固
prosperity
n. (the state of having) good fortune and success 繁荣
optimism
n. 1. the belief that the best thing will happen 乐观
2. 乐观主义
negotiation 7
n. 谈判，洽谈
commitment
n. a responsibility 承担的义务
tribute
n. something done, said or given to show respect or admiration 21 称赞
dedication
n. 献身，献身精神
negotiating
a. 谈判（的）
guidance
n. the act of guiding 指导，领导
councillor
n. a member of a council 议会议员
framework
n. 1. a plan or system 体系，结构
2. 框架，骨架
administrative
a. of or concerning the control and direction of affairs 行政的，管理的
autonomy
n. the condition of self-government 自治权，自主权
administer
v. to control 管理，处理事务
participate
v. to take part or have a share in an activity or event 参与，参加
preserve
v. to cause to last; keep unchanged 保留，保存
assurance
n. 1. a promise 保证
2. confident belief in one's own ability and powers 信心
parliament
n. 1.（由上议院与下议院组成的）英国议会，议会两院
2. 议会，国会
congress
n. 1. 代表大会 2. 立法机关，议会，国会
proceed
v. 1. to carry on an activity 进而做，开始做，进行
2. to go on 继续进行
reservation
n. 1. a private doubt in one's mind 保留意见
2. booking （旅馆房间、剧院座位等的）预订
clarification
n. 阐明，澄清
forthcoming
a. happening or appearing in the near future 即将到来的
farsightedness
n. 远见
precedent
n. 先例，前例
imaginative
a. good at producing new ideas 富于想象力的
historical
a. belonging to history 历史上的
intractable
a. 棘手的，难对付的
persistence
n. 坚持不懈
determination
n. 1. 坚定，果断
2. firm intention 决心
solemn
a. 1. 正式确定的
2. done, made, etc. seriously 庄严的，庄重的
Sino-
(comb. form) Chinese and 中国和…的
liaison
n. a working connection 联系，联络
forumn. any place where public matters may be talked over and argued about 论坛，讨论会
implementation
n. 贯彻（执行），实施
premier
n. the head of the government in certain countries 总理，首相
hearten
v. to encourage 振作，激励
repeatedly
ad. over and over again 一再，再三
expediency
n. suitability or usefulness for a purpose, though not necessary fair or moral 权宜之计
incorporated
a. united in one body or group 合成一体的
intact
a. whole because no part has been touched or spoiled 完整无缺的，未受损伤的
Phrases and Expressions
on behalf of
代表，为了
in the course of
在…期间，在…过程中
draw on/upon
利用，靠，凭
pay tribute to
赞扬
under the guidance of
在…的指导下
thanks to
由于，因为
participate in
参与，参加
in short
总之
Proper Names
Margaret Thatcher
玛格丽特.撒切尔（英国前首相，1925-）
Geoffrey Howe
杰弗里.豪
State Councillor
国务委员
Foreign Minister
外交部长
Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国特别行政区
the British Parliament
英国国会
the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China
中国人民代表大会常务委员会
the Secretary General of the United Nations
联合国秘书长
Text B
PRE-READING TASK
Exercise 1
Before reading the passage, try to answer the questions.
1. When was the full diplomatic relations between China and the U.S. established?
2. What were the difficulties in establishing Sino-American diplomatic relations?
Now read the passage and check your answers.
Excerpts from Speech by Carter
at Welcoming Banquet (29 June, 1987)
1 Permit me first to thank our Chinese hosts for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality. My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful. In the short period of six days, we have gone a longer distance than the Long March. We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
2 More than eight years have passed since Vice 22 Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two great nations. Our hope and vision was to forge a Sino-American relationship which would contribute to world peace and the welfare of our two peoples. I personally looked upon the forging of firm Sino-American ties as a historically significant experiment.
3 We faced the question in 1978, as to some extent we still to today: Can two nations as different as ours -- yours one of the oldest civilizations on earth, mine one of the youngest; yours a socialist 23 state and mine committed to capitalism 24; yours a developing country and mine a developed one -- can two nations surmount 25 and indeed draw upon these differences to build an unprecedented 26 and distinctive 27 relationship in world affairs? If we are successful, in one great step our two nations will have been able to ease one of the greatest sources of tension in international affairs: that between the developing and developed worlds. We still have a long way to go, and it is still too early to conclude that our experiment will culminate 28 in success, but certainly the results of the first ten years are promising 29. Sino-American ties have become extensive, affecting all aspects of our national lives: commerce, culture, education, scientific exchange, and our separate national security policies.
4 I am most proud of the large number of Chinese students being educated in our country -- now about 18 000. I teach some of them and see the benefits that come from this exchange. At the same time we are learning valuable lessons from you. Nonetheless, problems remain in our economic, educational and strategic relations
5 As a private American citizen I recognize that many of the burdens and opportunities of our relationship have now passed to the non-governmental sectors 31 of our two societies: to individuals, our corporations, universities, research institutes, foundations, and so on. There is no doubt that Sino-American relations have reached a new stage. In this context, it is important for our two societies to search for areas of cooperation which clearly add to our mutual 32 benefit.
6 In that regard, I am delighted that Global 2000 --BCCI is launching two projects in the area of public health. Although ours is relatively 33 quite small, such activities, when combined with our common foreign policy interests and a growing commercial relationship, should help to remove the lingering fragility in Sino-American relations
New Words
host
n. a man who receives guests 主人，东道主
hospitality
n. friendly welcoming and entertainment of guests 友好款待
grateful
a. feeling or showing thanks to another person 感激的，表示感谢的
acquire
v. to gain by one's own work, skill or one's own efforts （尤指通过努力）取得，获得
diversity
n. 1. the condition of being different 差异
2. the variety 多样性
dynamism
n. (of a person or a thing) power energy活力，推动力，干劲
reform
n. a change for the better; improvement in a society （社会，政治等的）改革
vice
n. a person who is next in rank to 任副职者，代理人
commit
v. 1. to promise (esp. oneself) to a certain course, position, opinion, or course of action 使表态（作出保证，承担义务）
2. to do (something wrong) 犯（罪），干（坏事）
capitalism
n. 资本主义（制度）
surmount
v. to conquer (esp. difficulties) 克服，越过
unprecedented
a. never having happened before 空前的，前所未闻的
ease
v. to become less troublesome or difficult 解除，使缓和
culminate
v. to reach the highest point, degree, or development 达到高潮，告终
extensive
a. covering a large surface 广泛的
nonetheless
ad. nevertheless 不过
burden
n. something difficult to bear 负担，重负
sector 30
n. a part of a field of activity, esp. of business, trade, etc. 部分
stage
n. a period or part in a course of action or events 阶段，时期
context
n. the general conditions in which an event, action, etc. takes place 背景，环境
global
a. of or concerning the whole earth 全世界的，全球性的
combine
v. to (cause to) come together, unite, act together, or join together 使结合
lingering
a. slow to end or disappear 拖延的
fragility
n. 脆弱，脆性
Phrases and Expressions
look upon...as
看待，看作
to some extent
在某种程度上
(be) committed to
承诺，交付
be proud of
为…感到自豪，为…感到高兴
culminate in
以…告终，归于
(be) combined with
与…结合，与…联合
Proper Names
Carter
卡特（美国前总统，1924-）
BCCI
国际商业信贷银行(Bank of Credit and Commerce International)
- I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
- We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
- The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
- He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。
- Some excerpts from a Renaissance mass are spatchcocked into Gluck's pallid Don Juan music. 一些文艺复光时期的弥撒的选节被不适当地加入到了格鲁克平淡无味的唐璜音乐中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He is editing together excerpts of some of his films. 他正在将自己制作的一些电影的片断进行剪辑合成。 来自辞典例句
- Tom Sawyer was in the skiff that bore Judge Thatcher. 汤姆 - 索亚和撒切尔法官同乘一条小艇。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
- Mrs. Thatcher was almost crazed; and Aunt Polly, also. 撒切尔夫人几乎神经失常，还有波莉姨妈也是。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
- The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
- The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。
- The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
- This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。
- They closed the deal in sugar after a week of negotiation.经过一星期的谈判，他们的食糖生意成交了。
- The negotiation dragged on until July.谈判一直拖到7月份。
- negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
- Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。
- His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
- We paid ￡10,000 for the shop,and ￡2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店，两千英镑买下了它的信誉。
- We admire her courage,compassion and dedication.我们钦佩她的勇气、爱心和奉献精神。
- Her dedication to her work was admirable.她对工作的奉献精神可钦可佩。
- The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
- They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
- After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
- They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
- Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
- This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。
- An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
- He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
- The persistence of a cough in his daughter puzzled him.他女儿持续的咳嗽把他难住了。
- He achieved success through dogged persistence.他靠着坚持不懈取得了成功。
- She acts as a liaison between patients and staff.她在病人与医护人员间充当沟通的桥梁。
- She is responsible for liaison with researchers at other universities.她负责与其他大学的研究人员联系。
- They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
- The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。
- The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。
- He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。
- The government is torn between principle and expediency. 政府在原则与权宜之间难于抉择。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- It was difficult to strike the right balance between justice and expediency. 在公正与私利之间很难两全。 来自辞典例句
- He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。
- We have a great admiration for the gold medalists.我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。
- He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
- They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
- China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
- His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。
- The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed.他的论点的核心是资本主义不能成功。
- Capitalism began to develop in Russia in the 19th century.十九世纪资本主义在俄国开始发展。
- We have many problems to surmount before we can start the project.我们得克服许多困难才能著手做这项工作。
- We are fully confident that we can surmount these difficulties.我们完全相信我们能够克服这些困难。
- The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
- A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。
- She has a very distinctive way of walking.她走路的样子与别人很不相同。
- This bird has several distinctive features.这个鸟具有几种突出的特征。
- The celebration of the centenary will culminate with a dinner.百年庆典活动将以宴会作为高潮。
- Everyone feared that the boundary dispute between these two countries would culminate in a war.人人都担心,这两国间的边境争端将以一场战争到达顶点。
- The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
- We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。
- The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
- The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
- Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
- Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。
- The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
- The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。