时间:2019-02-02 作者:英语课 分类:VOA常速英语2007年(十二月)


英语课
By Naomi Schwarz
Dakar
18 December 2007


West African and European governments have been trying for the past year to stem the flow of illegal immigrants embarking 1 on dangerous trips across land and water looking for work and a better life in richer countries.  Naomi Schwarz has more from VOA's regional bureau in Dakar.


A record 31,000 illegal immigrants from West Africa reached Spain's Canary Islands in 2006.


Most arrived in rickety boats after a dangerous days-long journey across open ocean.


This year, fewer than half that number succeeded.  This is due, in part, to the increased surveillance of the coastline by West African and European enforcement agencies.


Ahmed Ould Eleya is Mauritania's top police commissioner 2.


He says they are taking every measure possible to try to stop illegal migration 3.


But he says each time law enforcement agencies gain experience, the illegal immigration traffickers change their methods.


He says in one new technique, the would-be migrants evade 4 detection by boarding small fishing boats in groups of two or three, then meet up with a larger boat away from the coast.


Mauritania has become a key transit 5 point.  As routes through northern Africa have become increasingly patrolled, illegal immigrants have begun leaving from further and further south, from Mauritania, Senegal, and Guinea-Bissau.


It is estimated that about 10 million Africans live and work illegally in Europe.  Thousands die each year trying to reach the continent.


In a television commercial produced this year by Spain, viewers see an image of a young man washed up on rocks as they hear a Senegalese woman say she has not heard from her son in months.  Spanish officials paid to air the commercial in Senegal, hoping to discourage would be migrants.


But young Senegalese say the dangers of illegal migration do not daunt 6 them.


Modou Niang, 22, is a woodworker in Senegal's capital Dakar.  He has tried twice to reach Spain illegally by boat.


The first time, he says the boat had mechanical difficulties in the middle of the ocean, and they had to return.


He says he was afraid, and they ran out of food and water.


But the experience did not stop him from trying a second time, months later.  And after being sent back to Senegal by Spanish authorities, Niang says he will try again as soon as he has money.  It typically costs hundreds of dollars to secure a spot on a Europe-bound boat.


It is staying here that is hard, he says.


In many countries in West Africa, salaries are low and more than half the population is unemployed 7.  Those already in Europe are able to send back money to help their families and some return to Senegal to build houses and get married.


The director of the Senegalese-based government watchdog Aid Transparency, Habib Sy, says the surge of illegal migration in recent years can be linked to changes in West African economies.


Competition from big international fishing companies, for example, deprived local fisherman of income that had sustained families for generations.  And as huge numbers of youth flock to African cities looking for work, jobs have become more scarce.  Sy says efforts, such as selling imported clothing in city markets, are not very profitable.


"The state failed to create a space for these young people to be able to get a fair share out of those preliminary efforts of theirs," he said.


Sy says policing borders and allowing token legal immigration will not create long-term solutions.  And he says publicity 8 campaigns against migration will not work.


"They will not listen to you unless you put something on their plate," he added.  "When you live in a family of 10, 12, where you see that mom and dad are no longer able to be the providers that they used to be, you feel compelled to do something about it.  For you, waking up every single morning and having to look at this kind of stress, of misery 9, is just unbearable 10."


But some African voices are speaking out against illegal migration.  These include rappers, artists, and mothers mourning sons who died attempting to make the sea crossing.


El Hadj Malick Ndiaye spent 11 days on a boat trying to get to Europe last year.  But this year he took an even longer journey.  He walked about 450 kilometers from Senegal's southern city of Ziguinchor to the capital, Dakar, stopping in villages and cities along the way to spread his message that Africa must develop itself, instead of running away to Europe.


He says he hoped Senegalese people would understand that they can succeed in Senegal as well as in Europe, and succeeding in one's own country is better.


But the news from December 2007 was not all that different from December 2006.  Hundreds more Africans in boats were intercepted 11 by police, and yet hundreds more drowned at sea.




乘船( embark的现在分词 ); 装载; 从事
  • He's embarking on a new career as a writer. 他即将开始新的职业生涯——当一名作家。
  • The campaign on which were embarking was backed up by such intricate and detailed maintenance arrangemets. 我们实施的战争,须要如此复杂及详细的维护准备。
n.(政府厅、局、处等部门)专员,长官,委员
  • The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
  • He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。
n.迁移,移居,(鸟类等的)迁徙
  • Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
  • He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。
vt.逃避,回避;避开,躲避
  • He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
  • You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人,你怎么能对这个问题不置可否?
n.经过,运输;vt.穿越,旋转;vi.越过
  • His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
  • The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。
vt.使胆怯,使气馁
  • Danger did not daunt the hero.危险并没有吓倒这位英雄。
  • Even a greater natural calamity cannot daunt us.再大的自然灾害也压不垮我们。
adj.失业的,没有工作的;未动用的,闲置的
  • There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
  • The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。
n.众所周知,闻名;宣传,广告
  • The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
  • He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事,只当它是一种宣传手法。
n.痛苦,苦恼,苦难;悲惨的境遇,贫苦
  • Business depression usually causes misery among the working class.商业不景气常使工薪阶层受苦。
  • He has rescued me from the mire of misery.他把我从苦海里救了出来。
adj.不能容忍的;忍受不住的
  • It is unbearable to be always on thorns.老是处于焦虑不安的情况中是受不了的。
  • The more he thought of it the more unbearable it became.他越想越觉得无法忍受。
拦截( intercept的过去式和过去分词 ); 截住; 截击; 拦阻
  • Reporters intercepted him as he tried to leave the hotel. 他正要离开旅馆,记者们把他拦截住了。
  • Reporters intercepted him as he tried to leave by the rear entrance. 他想从后门溜走,记者把他截住了。
学英语单词
abustles
afibrinogenaemic
albomycetin
arranged marriage
BFUP
cappa
chain home beamed
chalutzim
chronicle of school
citrus leaf-miner
cowboy economy
data longevity
decentralized stochastic control
Dewi, Saint
differencing
directional radio
dominant tone
drafts
Duncan I.
earthed concentric wiring system
eusintomycin
externally heating
faciobrachialis
fancy oneself as
fifty-somethings
fore pressure
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gateway-to-gateway protocol
gelatin tube
get stuck in the mire
hay-seed
hoerr
holthe
hyperergic
import cargoes
inadequate diet
indirect initiation
knock someone's eyes out
knowledge-oriented
Kuibyshev
laugh sth to scorn
Laves' phases
lecointre
left inverse element
Leg-Over
length of boss
Lermontov, MikhailYurievich
Linda Vista
Linneryd
liquid nitrogen freezing system
liquor tyrothricini
load-deflection relation
looked after
magnifiable
manstration
Mary Cassatt
medrysone
milltailings
mixed ores
monensin
negroponte
nongoal
Ossietzky
Panxworth
paramukta
Parkhurst
part-drawing
Periptychus
pestle mill
phenagle
pipeline inventories
point probe-dynamic characteristic method
police judge
potyvirus konjak mosaic virus
quarter-bell
quenching and high temperature tempering
ramus ilicus
real-time application
resection through cervical approach
right-to-left rule
rotto
safe in life and limb
sample frequency
scientise
see ... off
semiconductor particle detector
settlingss
Shubat Enlil
soapy water
soft HRM
sputum
supplementary appropriation
Telotremata
texting codes
the bitter truth
the dogs of war
trichosurus vulpeculas
tubb
unholding
view(in computer graphics)
walking orders
X-ray fluorescences