时间:2019-01-17 作者:英语课 分类:英语作文


英语课

   很多学生在练习英文作文时,认为长句、难句或复杂句能够提升文章的语言质量,展示自己


  “深厚”的语言功底,并因此获得更高的分数。他们在备考复习时也花了很多精力在长句的练习
  上,考试时也会尽量使用长句。这种想法确实有一定的道理,因为很多考试如新托福的写作科目
  评分标准中确实有从语法或用词的多样性等角度考察语言质量的评分项目,考生如果能够熟练地
  运用各种句式写出精彩的长句,确实能给文章增色不少。
  然而一味地追求句子的长度有时反而会牺牲句子的“可读性”,特别是对一些基础一般的学
  生来说,有时生硬地追求长句反而破坏了句子的句法准确性。下面我们就来看一些例子,体会一
  些写得并不成功的
  句和如何修改的建议:
  建议一:避免空洞的单词和词组
  1.一些空洞的单词或词组更本不能为句子带来任何相关的或重要的信息,完全可以被删掉。
  比如下面
  的句子:
  Whenallthingsareconsidered,youngadultsoftodaylivemoresatisfyinglivesthanthoseo
  ftheirparents,inmyopinion.
  这句话当中的“whenallthingsareconsidered”和“inmyopinion”都显得多余。完全可以
  去掉。改为:Youngadultsoftodaylivemoresatisfyinglivesthantheirparents.
  2.有些空洞和繁琐的表达方式可以进行替换,例如:
  Duetothefactthatourgrandparentswereunderanobligationtohelptheirparents,theydidnothavetheoptionsthatyoungpeoplehaveatthispointintime.
  “duetothefactthat”就是一个很典型的繁琐的表达方式的例子,可以替换,简化为下
  面的表达方式:
  Becauseourgrandparentswereobligatedtohelptheirparents,theydidnothavetheoptionsthatyoungpeoplehavenow.
  建议二:避免重复
  1.尽量避免重复使用同样的词汇。或者有的时候虽然词汇没有重复,但意思却有重复。
  这时候可以做一些简化的工作。例如下面这个例子::
  Thefarmmygrandfathergrewuponwaslargeinsize.
  Large对一个farm来说就是size方面的large,所以insize可以去掉,改为:Thefarmmygrandfathergrewuponwaslarge.
  更简洁的表达方式为:Mygrandfathergrewuponalargefarm.
  2.有时一个词组可以用一个更简单的单词来替换,例如:
  Mygrandfatherhassaidoverandoveragainthathehadtoworkonhisparents'farm.
  这里的overandoveragain就可以改为repeatedly,显得更为简洁:
  Mygrandfatherhassaidrepeatedlythathehadtoworkonhisparents'farm.
  建议三:选择最恰当的语法结构
  选择合适的语法结构可以使句子意思的表达更为精确和简练。虽然语法的多样性也很
  重要,但选择最恰当的语法结构仍然是更为重要的考虑因素。以下原则是在考虑选择何种
  语法结构时可以参考的原则:
  1.一个句子的主语和谓语动词应该能够反映句子中的最重要的意思。例如:
  Thesituationthatresultedinmygrandfather'snotbeingabletostudyengineeringwas
  thathisfather neededhelponthefarm.
  从意思上来分析,上面这句话需要表达的重要的概念是“grandfather'snotbeing
  able tos tudy”,而在表达这个概念时,原句用的主语是situation,谓语动词是was,
  不能强调需要表达的重点概念,可以改为
  下面这句话:Mygrandfathercouldn'tstudyengineeringbecausehisfatherneeded
  helponthefarm.
  2.避免频繁使用“therebe”结构,例如下面的句子:
  Therewere25cowsonthefarmthatmygrandfatherhadtomilkeveryday.Itwashardwork
  formygr and father.
  可以改为:Mygrandfatherworkedhard.Hehadtomilk25cowsonthefarmeveryday.
  更简洁的句式为:Mygrandfatherworkedhardmilking25cowsdaily.
  3.把从句改为短语或单词。例如:
  Dairycowswereraisedonthefarm,whichwaslocated100kilometersfromthenearestuniversityandwasinanareathat wasre
  mote 1.
  简介的表达方式为:The dairy farm was located inaremote area,100kilometers
  to the nearest university.
  4.仅在需要强调宾语而不是主语的时候,才使用被动语态。例如:
  Inthefall,notonlydidthecowshavetobemilked,butalsothehaywasmowedandstackedbymygrandfather'sfamily.
  本句不够简洁的原因是本句的重心应该是“忙碌的家庭-mygrandfather'sfamily”,
  而使用了被动语态后,仿佛重心变成了cows和hay。下面的表达方式是主动语态,
  相对来说更简洁一些:Inthefall,mygrandfather'sfamilynotonlymilkedthecowbutalsomowedandstackedthehay.
  5.用更为精确的一个动词来代替动词短语,例如下面这句话:
  Mygrandfatherdidn'thavetimetostandarounddoingnothingwithhisschoolfriends.
  Standarounddoingnothing其实可以用一个动词来表达,即loiter:Mygrandfatherdidn'thavetimetoloiterwithhisschoolfriends.
  6.有时两句话的信息经过组合完全可以用一句话来简练地表达,例如:
  Profitsfromthefarmwerenotlarge.Sometimestheyweretoosmalltomeet theexpen
  sesofrunnin gafarm.Theywerenotsufficienttopayforauniversitydegree.
  两句话的信息可以合并为下面这句更为简洁的句子:Profitsfromthefarmweresometimestoosmalltomeetoperationalexpenses,letalonepayforauniversitydegree.

n.微粒;斑点
  • Seeing the mote in one's neighbor's eye,but not the beam in one's own.能看见别人眼里的尘埃,看不见自己眼里的木头。
  • The small mote on her forehead distinguishes her from her twin sister.她额头上的这个小斑点是她与其双胞胎妹妹的区别。
标签: 写作
学英语单词
a bit of muslin
abnormal hearing
adipocytes
aerodynamic maneuver
alkylantimony halide
aloe chinensis bak.
Ambohibary
analog-digital-analog conversion system
atonest
autograt
be up to one's old tricks
Brooklynite
brunei b.
bull gear reducer
calcium 5'-ribonuucleotide
caveated
cerous hydropyrophosphate
chelseas
Chetopir
Chirita monantha
combining
constant formula diet
copesmate
corporation library
counter-balance piece
davuls
debris storage capacity
decolonialized
descanted
ductography
Duggendorf
encylical
Fanta Shet'
feathering paddle-wheel
finance statistics
fusible interlining
glutinane
go down to
golpe
goodstein
gotterleben
gyffe
have one's fingers in the till
heredo-familial corneal dystrophy
iced-tea spoons
implementation requirement
in view of
inclosure(enclosure)
inner ring axis
internal dielectric membrane
inuredness
inwardmost
kiet
lacewear
large pill
learning activity package
Marquess of Queensberry rules
maximum grinding hole diameter
megalomycin
minelaying
morticer
multi-gradient magnetic separator
multispectral remote sensing system
omit function
overtoils
oxandrin
peace camp
pectinellus
pentagrid converter
Pierofanina
pilot's automatic telephone weather answering service
powder-like fur
pro-europeans
pure clay
pyrophosphatases
qusternary syphilis
r-l-c oscillator
ratchet-toothed escape wheel
raw gasoline
recognized component
revised price
Rubia mandersii
run-on sentences
scheerer
seminal cyst
shell tap
soft emplacement
sowing plot
spongio-
spontaneous request
tank block
tavarus
technofetishist
to smash
tobicillin
total derived functor
triple deck screen
two lined octave
vaccinoids
whitetailed
wrightstown
zawadski