2006年VOA标准英语-New Initiative Aims to Restart Arab-Israeli Pea

By Meredith Buel
Washington
18 October 2006

The International Crisis Group, a public policy research organization, has launched an initiative to restart the Arab-Israeli peace process, following the recent month-long war between Israel and Hezbollah militants 2 in Lebanon. Members of the Crisis Group say solving the intractable conflict is key to resolving other problems in the Middle East.

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In a report, the Crisis Group says, since the collapse 3 of the Arab-Israeli peace process in 2000, none of the governments in the Middle East has shown willingness to compromise.

It blames the international community for a lack of resolve in trying to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and calls on the United States, Europe and Arab countries to become more involved in trying to find a comprehensive settlement.

Former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Thomas Pickering, who is a co-chairman of the Crisis Group, says the timing 5 of the new initiative to bring the parties back to the bargaining table is important.

"I think the Crisis Group is doing this, in part, because coming out of the really miserable 6 conflict that we have been through over Lebanon, there was a very strong sense of thinking that there is now a time and an opportunity, as there has been after most of the conflicts in the Middle East, to direct new energy into the Arab-Israeli peace process," he said. "The need is self-evident, given all of the turmoil 7 and problems going on in the Middle East."

Joining in the call for urgent international action, 135 global leaders, including former presidents and prime ministers, have endorsed 8 the Crisis Group's initiative.

The plan calls for an international meeting on the issue, perhaps modeled along the lines of the Madrid Conference.

That conference, in 1991, brought together, for the first time, Israel, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and the Palestinians for talks after the first Gulf 9 War.

The proposal also calls for negotiations 10 between Israeli and Palestinian leaders on the immediate 11 issues of mutual 12 security and revival 13 of the Palestinian economy.

The senior vice 14 president of the Crisis Group, Mark Schneider, says unless attempts are made to resolve the conflict, the situation in the Middle East will only get worse.

"That issue is fundamental to all of the other consequences that we have seen: the increasing radicalization within the Middle East, the increasing targeting of the United States in every possible way, and the loss of U.S. influence," he said. "There is no issue in that part of the world that does not hinge in some degree, in some way, on resolving the Arab-Israeli conflict."

The Crisis Group is also calling for an end to the international political and financial boycott 15 of the Hamas-led Palestinian Authority, if the Palestinians form a national unity 4 government.

Talks to form such a government have stalled, and there have been deadly clashes between armed members of Hamas and the once-dominant Fatah party.

Mark Schneider of the Crisis Group says continued Palestinian infighting makes the new peace initiative even more urgent.

"To some degree that very specter of increased violence and instability among the Palestinians, we hope, will be seen as a process that cannot be allowed to continue," he said. "That is not going to produce a stable movement towards a two-state solution, which everybody agrees is still the only, successful and likely answer to peace in the Middle East."

The United States and other countries have labeled Hamas, which has carried out numerous suicide bombings against Israelis, a terrorist organization.

Western countries cut aid to the Palestinian Authority after Hamas came to power earlier this year.

The international community has demanded that Hamas recognize Israel and renounce 16 violence, conditions the militant 1 group is refusing to accept.

Crisis Group co-chair Thomas Pickering says Hamas must agree to negotiations with the Jewish state.

"The message that we need to send to Hamas is, no governance without acceptance of a negotiated solution to the problem, and that is the bridge they have to cross," he said. "My feeling is, they know the bankruptcy 17 of militancy 18, and, now, they have to be taught the opportunities of diplomacy 19."

Condoleezza Rice (l) meeting with Mahmoud Abbas in Ramallah   
  
Earlier this month, U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice met with leaders of moderate Arab states as part of a Middle East tour designed to explore ways to reinvigorate the peace process.

Former U.S. Congressman 20 and Crisis Group board member Stephen Solarz says many Arab governments are pressing the United States to help revive negotiations.

"First, they have publicly reaffirmed their interest in moving the peace process forward," he said. "Secondly 21, because, I think, moderate Arab governments want to demonstrate that Arab objectives can be achieved through diplomacy, not just on the battlefield, I think, they recognize, with a few more victories, like the one Hezbollah claims to have won in Lebanon, Lebanon will cease to exist. I do not think the Arab countries want another war with Israel. They are cognizant that, even under the best of circumstances, devastation 22 is likely to be rained upon them."

George W. Bush  
  
President George Bush says he is committed to a settlement that will result in two democratic states, Israel and Palestine, living together in peace and security.

Mr. Bush says reaching that goal is one of the highest priorities of his presidency 23.

Crisis Group board member Stephen Solarz says, while there are no guarantees this latest initiative will succeed, there is general support from Israelis and Palestinians for negotiations that could end the conflict.

"What gives us some hope that this can be done is that public opinion on both sides appears to be receptive to these compromises, if, in fact, they can be achieved," he said.

The Crisis Group says it will continue to produce a series of reports on the Israeli-Palestinian dispute, and analyze 24 the possibility of additional agreements between Israel, Syria and Lebanon.