时间:2019-01-13 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2009年(五月)


英语课

A new report says that the same cargo 1 companies that fly weapons into African conflict zones are often contracted by international agencies to supply humanitarian 2 and peacekeeping operations. The report says the problem has been particularly troubling in Sudan.


According to the report by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute - a prominent think tank that monitors international arms transfers - 90 percent of air cargo companies linked to arms trafficking have also been used by United Nations agencies, Western governments or international non-governmental organizations to transport humanitarian aid.


The report singles out Sudan as the most serious case. One of the report's authors, Hugh Griffiths, says that U.N. peacekeeping missions have hired helicopters and aircraft belonging to the same Sudanese companies that have been used to ferry weapons to pro-government soldiers in the Darfur region, in violation 3 of arms embargoes 4.


"These aircraft and helicopters are painted white and have the U.N. logos put on them for U.N. flights to support peacekeeping missions primarily through logistics. But, then, when the U.N. is finished using these companies, the companies don't remove the white paint nor the U.N. logos and, instead, contract their aircraft to be used by Sudanese army and police, sometimes in a ground attack role," he said.


Griffiths also points out that many of the air cargo companies operating in Sudan are controlled by member of Sudan's political and military class, who are making money from both the conflict and the aid operations.


According to the report, similar problems are present in other parts of East Africa. In eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, humanitarian agencies regularly use companies linked to warlords involved in mining activities. In Somalia, the American private security company Dyncorp - which was contracted by the U.S. government to support the African Union peacekeeping mission - has used a cargo company that is accused of supplying weapons to Al-Shabab, a hardline Islamist militia 5 with ties to Al Qaeda.
 
A Somali policemen guards the airport in Mogadishu (file photo)


The report's authors concede that cargo companies with untarnished records are not always available. Griffiths says that, in Somalia, the lack of security at the Mogadishu airport has limited the number of carriers willing to fly there. But he says that, in other countries, the international community can take steps to change the situation.


"Were the international community as a whole, as part of a coordinated 6 effort, to set criteria 7 saying we are not going to use companies that the U.N. recommend for a complete ban anymore, then you would find the market kicking in and just like we find restaurants near most conflict zones which serve good food in a clean kitchen because of the demand for that from the internationals, so you would find airlines operating safer aircraft which have a good code of conduct, an ethical 8 transportation policy and a track record of not violating United Nations arms embargoes. You have to create a market for such companies," he said.


The report recommends instituting new ethics 9 requirements for carriers doing business with Western governments, U.N. agencies, or international NGOs. The authors also say that existing safety requirements in Europe and the United States could be applied 10 to carriers accused of transporting arms, many of which have poor safety records.



n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物
  • The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
  • A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。
n.人道主义者,博爱者,基督凡人论者
  • She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业,并作了很大的贡献。
  • The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。
n.违反(行为),违背(行为),侵犯
  • He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说,那是违反规则的。
  • He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
贸易禁运令,禁运( embargo的名词复数 )
  • Britain, France and the United States refused to lift their embargoes. 英、法和美国都拒绝取消禁运。
  • Its public position is that it abides by all UN arms embargoes. 其公开立场是,他们遵守所有联合国的武器禁运命令。
n.民兵,民兵组织
  • First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面,其次是民兵。
  • There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。
adj.协调的
  • The sound has to be coordinated with the picture. 声音必须和画面协调一致。
  • The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
n.标准
  • The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
  • There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。
adj.伦理的,道德的,合乎道德的
  • It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
  • It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。
n.伦理学;伦理观,道德标准
  • The ethics of his profession don't permit him to do that.他的职业道德不允许他那样做。
  • Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict.个人道德和职业道德有时会相互抵触。
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
学英语单词
acoustic detection and ranging (acdar)
Allium teretifolium
arm it
average static load per waggon
bend-gliding
callicarpas
Canin, Mte.
caput humerale
cargo tank boundary
carrier block
cat's ear
chromidial substance
circle
climp up
cloud portability
commitment fee
compounding in series
condensatus
core power distribution
cosmopolitanises
dewlike
DIHF
dindymenes
DIOZ
distressed
dock pump station
eight-thousand-dollar
endofjob
Entoloma lividum
euler criterion for residues
F. P. A.
fishing rod
fission heat
full sister
Gabor, Dennis
gladman
glycocholase
ground-zero
handwarmer
heavy chain of antibody
high-tensile steel bar
hilleberg
hispidum
hotbed chives
index of rural consumer prices
kintours
KMER
knuckle end
Lake District
legitimate interests
lesser high water
Light Displacement Tonnage
lime slurry treatment for acid waste
manualising
mark wayne clarks
McClain County
model aeroplane
mosses
multigluon
multiparous women
N/B
nasal douohe
Negatol
Neil Armstrong
nitrosoh(a)emoglobin
non-reactive tuberculosis
p-nitroazobenzene
pavement patching
pit furnace
planimetric arm
potentilla fulgens wall.
pressure surge
price is right
procedure subprogram
push to talk switch
quadriparas
Quercus kongshanensis
required freight rate
rosenau
segmentof a cylinder
serological characteristics
shikses
simulation of manned system
sodium metatungstate
starts out
steeply pitching seam
telefaxes
terabromide
them-selves
transformerless
true hacker
understumble
unforbade
uroptychus bispinatus
vacuum switch
vermunt
Viola pedata
vitreous clinker
Washington (National) Monument
waterlemon
weyl-minkowski theorem
zinging