VOA标准英语2012--Caffeine Safely Stimulates Premaure Infants
时间：2019-01-13 作者：英语课 分类：VOA标准英语2012年(一月)
Caffeine Safely Stimulates 1 Premaure Infants
Almost all babies who are born very prematurely 3 have trouble breathing. For decades, doctors have treated them with the stimulant 4 caffeine, even though there was little scientific evidence to justify 5 it.
Breathing delivers oxygen to the brain, so when an infant's breathing is disrupted, it can have a critical impact on the child's development.
In an earlier stage of this study, some 2,000 premature 2 babies in nine countries were randomly 6 assigned to get caffeine or a placebo 7. At 18 months, researchers found numerous advantages for the caffeine group. Those babies had half as many cases of cerebral 8 palsy as well as lower rates of blindness, deafness and delayed mental functioning.
Now, University of Pennsylvania researchers report on an additional three and a half years of follow-up, mainly to look for possible safety issues, which might take time to develop.
Lead researcher Barbara Schmidt says the new study confirms the effectiveness of the caffeine treatment, and underscores its lack of side effects.
"Not only is it safe, it is more effective than any other drugs we give to babies in the nursery when they are very preterm," Schmidt says.
There were some changes in the results between the two groups of children at age 18 months and then at five years, notably 9 that the advantage children treated with caffeine had in mental development seemed to have evaporated.
"There is some residual 10 benefit [to] the quality of the children's motor function - if they had impaired 11 motor function - but there is no longer any effect whatsoever 12 on the rates of cognitive 13 impairment," she says.
Schmidt's research, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, shows rates of cognitive impairment at five years were much lower than at 18 months - what she calls a potential for "remarkable 14 catch-up" in the very premature babies as they get older, whether they get caffeine therapy or not.
- Exercise stimulates the body. 运动促进身体健康。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Alcohol stimulates the action of the heart. 酒刺激心脏的活动。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
- It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
- The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。
- She was born prematurely with poorly developed lungs. 她早产，肺部未发育健全。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- His hair was prematurely white, but his busy eyebrows were still jet-black. 他的头发已经白了，不过两道浓眉还是乌黑乌黑的。 来自辞典例句
- It is used in medicine for its stimulant quality.由于它有兴奋剂的特性而被应用于医学。
- Musk is used for perfume and stimulant.麝香可以用作香料和兴奋剂。
- He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
- Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗？
- Within the hot gas chamber, molecules are moving randomly in all directions. 在灼热的气体燃烧室内，分子在各个方向上作无规运动。 来自辞典例句
- Transformed cells are loosely attached, rounded and randomly oriented. 转化细胞则不大贴壁、圆缩并呈杂乱分布。 来自辞典例句
- The placebo has been found to work with a lot of different cases.人们已发现安慰剂能在很多不同的病例中发挥作用。
- The placebo effect refers to all the observable behaviors caused by placebo.安慰剂效应是指由安慰剂所引起的可观察的行为。
- Your left cerebral hemisphere controls the right-hand side of your body.你的左半脑控制身体的右半身。
- He is a precise,methodical,cerebral man who carefully chooses his words.他是一个一丝不苟、有条理和理智的人，措辞谨慎。
- Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
- A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。
- There are still a few residual problems with the computer program.电脑程序还有一些残留问题。
- The resulting residual chromatism is known as secondary spectrum.所得到的剩余色差叫做二次光谱。
- Much reading has impaired his vision. 大量读书损害了他的视力。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- His hearing is somewhat impaired. 他的听觉已受到一定程度的损害。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- There's no reason whatsoever to turn down this suggestion.没有任何理由拒绝这个建议。
- All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you,do ye even so to them.你想别人对你怎样，你就怎样对人。
- As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
- The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。
- She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
- These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。