美国三分之一的创新人才是移民
时间:2019-01-12 作者:英语课 分类:2016年VOA慢速英语(三)月
AS IT IS 2016-03-18 One-Third of Innovators in US Are Immigrants 美国三分之一的创新人才是移民
More than one-third of U.S. innovators are born outside the U.S.
Only 13.5 percent of all U.S. residents are immigrants. But a new report says 35 percent of residents with a doctorate 1 degree, or Ph.D, in science and mathematics are immigrants.
This shows that highly-educated immigrants could be one of the country’s most valuable resources.
The report came from the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (or ITIF) in February. The ITIF is an organization that studies how technology affects the world.
Adam Nager is an economic policy analyst 2 at the ITIF. He said, "U.S. innovation really depends on individuals born outside of the U.S."
"These are scientists, engineers, people with really, really high education, who’ve made the choice to immigrate 3 to the United States," Nager added.
"[They] often [seek] the kind of research opportunities, the kind of entrepreneurial opportunities that are offered in the United States that might not have been available in their home country…they bring new ideas and new ways of thinking about things that we… need."
Immigration has been a major issue for the campaigns of the 2016 presidential candidates. But the candidates have rarely talked about how high-skilled and low-skilled or illegal immigrants are different.
The ITIF report does not examine the effects of low-skilled or illegal immigrants on the U.S. But Nager said the report does show "the value of bringing in the best and brightest engineers from around the world and the benefits that they bring to the U.S. economy."
"The more of them we can get, the better," he said.
The other two-thirds of American innovators are mostly white men, the reports shows. But that does not mean they are highly intelligent, young men who never finished college, like Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg.
The ITIF found the average age of these innovators is 47. Also, most of them have at least one advanced degree.
To collect information for the report, the ITIF spoke 4 with almost 1,000 people. All of those people have won national awards for inventions or are working towards international patents on their ideas.
These inventions and ideas are all in the fields of information technology, life or material sciences and advanced technology.
The results of the report are a topic of interest for the White House. The White House has honored 11 immigrant innovators so far.
Additionally, President Barack Obama spoke about the importance of innovation in his final "State of the Union" speech in January.
President Obama also spoke at a conference at SXSW, or South by Southwest, in Austin, Texas earlier in March. The conference was part of an event that mixes live music and displays by several technology companies.
Researchers working on the report expected to find few female and U.S.-born minority innovators. But researchers were surprised at how low those numbers were.
Only 12 percent of U.S. innovators are women. Just 8 percent of innovators are Asians, African-Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and other minorities born in the U.S.
In the U.S., 32 percent of the whole population are minorities.
"We have this [large] untapped labor 5 pool in African-Americans, in Hispanics and in women… who really aren’t tapped at all for creating these types of innovative 6, marketable products," Nager said.
"There's nothing about white males… that would make them [naturally] any better at innovating 7 than any other group, so if we’re looking to grow the pool of innovators in the future, definitely, greater inclusion among women and minorities is the way to get there."
Words in This Story
innovator(s) – n. someone who does something in a new way
resident(s) – n. someone who lives in a particular place
doctorate degree – n. the highest degree that is given by a university
analyst – n. a person who studies or analyzes 8 something
opportunities – n. amounts of time or a situation in which something can be done
entrepreneurial – adj. part of starting a business and in a way that means you are willing to risk loss in order to make money
benefit(s) – n. a good or helpful result or effect
advanced degree – n. a degree that is given to a student by a college or university usually after one or two years of additional study following a bachelor's degree
invention(s) – n. a useful new device or process
patent(s) – n. an official document that gives a person or company the right to be the only one that makes or sells a product for a certain period of time
untapped – adj. available but not used
pool – n. a supply of things or people that are available for use
- He hasn't enough credits to get his doctorate.他的学分不够取得博士学位。
- Where did she do her doctorate?她在哪里攻读博士?
- What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务?
- The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。
- 10,000 people are expected to immigrate in the next two years.接下来的两年里预计有10,000人会移民至此。
- Only few plants can immigrate to the island.只有很少的植物能够移植到这座岛上。
- They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
- The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
- We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
- He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
- Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
- He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。
- In this new century, the company keeps innovating and developing new products. 新世纪伊始,公司全面实施形象工程及整合营销,不断改革创新,开发高新产品。 来自互联网
- Beijing is backward most prime cause is innovating at system lack. 北京落后的最根本原因在于制度缺乏创新。 来自互联网