时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

   汉语偏短句,英语多长句。考研英语的完形填空、阅读理解和英译汉中充斥着大量令人望而生畏的长难句。从某种意义上来说,征服考研英语就是要征服长难句。而在英语长难句中,多种特殊的复杂结构常常又如影随形。今天,老师总结了英语长难句的特殊结构之一——并列句中的省略,帮大家轻松识别省略成分,掌握并列句中的省略结构。


  两个或两个以上、由并列连词或其他并列手段连接起来的语法结构叫做并列结构。英语有三个主要的并列连词:and, or, but;关联并列连词:both… and,either… or,not… but,not…nor,neither… nor,not only… but also;近似并列连词:as well as,as much as,rather than,more than。由以上连词连接的并列句中,往往第一个分句结构完整,后一个分句与前一个分句相同的句子成分可以省去,也可以省略连词。因此,理解并列结构中的省略句时,首先找出并列成分,并参照并列的第一个分句的句子结构和成分将其他分句补充完整。比如:
  One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.
  很容易就可以发现上句中“and”之后的成份并不完整,完整的结构应该是“an insect never has more than six legs”,原文省略了谓语动词“has”和宾语“legs”。
  我们再来看一道考研翻译题:
  Until these issues 1 are resolved 2, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.
  这道题“and”之前并不复杂,我们可以翻译为“除非这些问题都解决掉,否则研究行为的技术将持续受到排斥”;对于“and”之后的部分,我们可以按如下步骤来分析。
  1、锁定并列连词——“and”。
  2、锁定连词后的中心词——这里结构较为复杂,可以先划分为“with it”“possibly”“the only way”“to solve our problems”四个部分。
  3、从结构、词性和词意三方面进行考虑,确定连词前的并列成份——首先看“with it”,这是一个介宾结构,“and”之前没有介宾结构可以和“with it”并列,所以可以排除掉;同理,“possibly”找不到和它对应的副词,也排除掉;最后还剩下两个部分,“the only way”和“to solve our problems”,我们可以发现由于“to solve our problems”是修饰“way”的,我们可以把“to solve our problems”看做是“the only way”的后置定语,这样可以把两个部分看成是一个复杂的名词短语。现在我们在“and”之前找名词——“issues”“a technology of behavior”均为名词,但是“issues”位于状语从句中,而“the only way”位于主句中,从句和主句的相同成份不能并列,所以“issues”需要排除掉。能和“the only way”并列的只有“a technology of behavior”。
  现在我们知道了“and”并列了两个名词短语“a technology of behavior”和“the only way”,既然是并列成份那么结构一定对等——“a technology of behavior”在句子当中充当主语,“the only way”同样也应当充当主语,那“the only way”的谓语动词去哪里了?我们可以很快的想到“the only way”的谓语动词和“a technology of behavior”所在句子的动词一致,被省略了。把省略的部分补充完整,“and”之后的部分应该是“with it possibly the only way to solve our problems will continue to be rejected”,翻译为“随之,很可能解决我们问题的唯一方法也将受到排斥”。(万学)

1 issues
(水等的)流出( issue的名词复数 ); 出口; 放出; (特别重要或大众关注的)问题
  • Let's start with the more easily addressable issues. 我们先从较容易处理的问题着手。
  • Employment and taxation are the bread-and-butter issues of politics. 就业和征税是很重要的政治问题。
2 resolved
adj.下定决心的,断然的;坚决的;已解决的v.做决定,分解(resolve的过去式和过去分词)
  • I was resolved not to see him. 我决意不见他。
  • The union resolved to strike by 40 votes to 18. 工会以40票对18票通过决议举行罢工。 来自《简明英汉词典》
标签: 考研英语
学英语单词
Accident-insurance
agate jasper
An Khanh
ant-lions
anthropometrist
apogonia formosana
astacins
automatic breech mechanism
automatic ignition
axial region
baille
benzilic acid rearrangement
bite indicator
broadbeam geometry
budget-cutting
CAVD-TEST
charge correlator
Chodro
coenochyma
coir rope
comminuation
copytaker
crystal-balling
CUSUMs
danza de los montoneros (mexico)
data description skeleton
DEAB
desert polish
diabellis
double warps
dual grid tube
ecclesi-
elotes
EOF (end of file)
European perches
external definition
faisable
fine grain development
flexible bus
gamosa
gas core reactor
get back to
give a view of
glove money
head down tilt
immunotransfusion
inband
jackup
labyrinth packing
larsenite
long interspersed element (LINE)
manchu filbert
MartinIndex.
Mechnica
Medveđa
Midgard
MS-Windows
mullites
musselin
N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-L-methionine
neutron density fluctuation
niobite (columbite)
nonnaturalist
normalness
notch position
nylon-covered
obviosity
out-of-service
owise
physiographic geology
Pleura parietalis
Polymnia uyedalia
practical marine engineering
propylene product
purge status date
Pyrausta nubilalis
railway distribution system
refraction index profile
road intersection
senseful
show one's right
side fired kiln
silicon resin
sinjiangensis
snetterton
space power unit
square-link chain
standard for discharge of pollutants
storage address display lights
story book
temperature divertor
Trego County
treiman
Tunga
Tyconius
unpremeditate
unsized coal
Untersberg
Vishālgarh
whitworth screw thread gauge
yardperson
yaw checking anchor